Articles | Volume 21, issue 11 
            
                
                    
            
            
            https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-9253-2021
                    © Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under 
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
                the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-9253-2021
                    © Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under 
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
                the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Elevated 3D structures of PM2.5 and impact of complex terrain-forcing circulations on heavy haze pollution over Sichuan Basin, China
Zhuozhi Shu
                                            Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of
Meteorological Disasters, Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of
China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information
 Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
                                        
                                    
                                            Precision Regional Earth Modeling and Information Center, Nanjing
University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
                                        
                                    Yubao Liu
                                            Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of
Meteorological Disasters, Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of
China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information
 Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
                                        
                                    
                                            Precision Regional Earth Modeling and Information Center, Nanjing
University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
                                        
                                    Tianliang Zhao
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
                                            
                                    
                                            Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of
Meteorological Disasters, Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of
China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information
 Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
                                        
                                    
                                            Precision Regional Earth Modeling and Information Center, Nanjing
University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
                                        
                                    Junrong Xia
                                            Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of
Meteorological Disasters, Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of
China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information
 Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
                                        
                                    Chenggang Wang
                                            Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of
Meteorological Disasters, Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of
China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information
 Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
                                        
                                    Le Cao
                                            Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of
Meteorological Disasters, Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of
China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information
 Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
                                        
                                    Haoliang Wang
                                            Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of
Meteorological Disasters, Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of
China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information
 Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
                                        
                                    Lei Zhang
                                            State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather & Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
                                        
                                    Yu Zheng
                                            State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather & Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
                                        
                                    Lijuan Shen
                                            Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of
Meteorological Disasters, Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of
China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information
 Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
                                        
                                    Lei Luo
                                            Institute of Plateau Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration,
Chengdu, 610072, China
                                        
                                    Yueqing Li
                                            Institute of Plateau Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration,
Chengdu, 610072, China
                                        
                                    Viewed
                        
                            Total article views: 3,914 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
                        
                            
                                
                                
                            
                                
                                
                            
                        
                        
                            Cumulative views and downloads 
                                         (calculated since 23 Nov 2020)
                        
                        
                            
                                
                            
                    
        
                    
                    | HTML | XML | Total | Supplement | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3,062 | 788 | 64 | 3,914 | 169 | 79 | 108 | 
- HTML: 3,062
- PDF: 788
- XML: 64
- Total: 3,914
- Supplement: 169
- BibTeX: 79
- EndNote: 108
                        
                            Total article views: 3,126 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
                        
                            
                                
                                
                            
                                
                                
                            
                        
                        
                            Cumulative views and downloads 
                                         (calculated since 16 Jun 2021)
                        
                        
                            
                                
                            
                    
                    
                    | HTML | XML | Total | Supplement | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2,475 | 590 | 61 | 3,126 | 169 | 69 | 95 | 
- HTML: 2,475
- PDF: 590
- XML: 61
- Total: 3,126
- Supplement: 169
- BibTeX: 69
- EndNote: 95
                        
                            Total article views: 788 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
                        
                            
                                
                                
                            
                                
                                
                            
                        
                        
                            Cumulative views and downloads 
                                         (calculated since 23 Nov 2020)
                        
                        
                            
                                
                            
                    
        
                
            | HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 587 | 198 | 3 | 788 | 10 | 13 | 
- HTML: 587
- PDF: 198
- XML: 3
- Total: 788
- BibTeX: 10
- EndNote: 13
Viewed (geographical distribution)
                                Total article views: 3,914 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
                                
                                Thereof 3,914 with geography defined
                                    and 0 with unknown origin. 
                            
        
                            
                                Total article views: 3,126 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
                                
                                Thereof 3,122 with geography defined
                                    and 4 with unknown origin. 
                            
        
                            
                                Total article views: 788 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
                                
                                Thereof 788 with geography defined
                                    and 0 with unknown origin. 
                            
                    | Country | # | Views | % | 
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % | 
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % | 
|---|
| Total: | 0 | 
| HTML: | 0 | 
| PDF: | 0 | 
| XML: | 0 | 
- 1
1
                            | Total: | 0 | 
| HTML: | 0 | 
| PDF: | 0 | 
| XML: | 0 | 
- 1
1
                            | Total: | 0 | 
| HTML: | 0 | 
| PDF: | 0 | 
| XML: | 0 | 
- 1
1
                            Cited
29 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Long-term variations in aerosol optical properties, types, and radiative forcing in the Sichuan Basin, Southwest China Z. Shu et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151490
- Quasi-weekly oscillation of regional PM2.5 transport over China driven by the synoptic-scale disturbance of the East Asian winter monsoon circulation Y. Bai et al. 10.5194/acp-25-1273-2025
- Driving Force of Meteorology and Emissions on PM2.5 Concentration in Major Urban Agglomerations in China J. Niu et al. 10.3390/atmos15121499
- A Deep Forest Algorithm Based on TropOMI Satellite Data to Estimate Near-Ground Ozone Concentration M. Zong et al. 10.3390/atmos15091020
- Topographic effects on nitrogen deposition and critical load exceedance in the Sichuan Basin, China M. Ma et al. 10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.107977
- Radiation fog properties in two consecutive events under polluted and clean conditions in the Yangtze River Delta, China: a simulation study N. Shao et al. 10.5194/acp-23-9873-2023
- Effect of large topography on atmospheric environment in Sichuan Basin: A climate analysis based on changes in atmospheric visibility L. Zhang et al. 10.3389/feart.2022.997586
- Seasonal Variation Characteristics of VOCs and Their Influences on Secondary Pollutants in Yibin, Southwest China L. Kong et al. 10.3390/atmos13091389
- Fine particulate matter pollution in the Sichuan Basin of China from 2013 to 2020: Sources, emissions, and mortality burden X. Yang et al. 10.1016/j.envint.2025.109366
- Attenuation of mountain-valley circulations on PM2.5 pollution over the western Sichuan basin, southwest China Y. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.apr.2023.101796
- The effect of cross-regional transport on ozone and particulate matter pollution in China: A review of methodology and current knowledge K. Qu et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174196
- A study on the analysis of dynamical transmission behavior and mining key monitoring stations in PM and O3 networks in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region of China X. Shi et al. 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116268
- The Extraordinary Trend of the Spatial Distribution of PM2.5 Concentration and Its Meteorological Causes in Sichuan Basin X. Xiang et al. 10.3390/atmos13060853
- Aggravated chemical production of aerosols by regional transport and basin terrain in a heavy PM2.5 pollution episode over central China W. Hu et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2022.119489
- Impact of deep basin terrain on PM2.5 distribution and its seasonality over the Sichuan Basin, Southwest China Z. Shu et al. 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118944
- Regulation of Synoptic Circulation in Regional PM2.5 Transport for Heavy Air Pollution: Study of 5‐year Observation Over Central China W. Hu et al. 10.1029/2021JD035937
- Development of a regional feature selection-based machine learning system (RFSML v1.0) for air pollution forecasting over China L. Fang et al. 10.5194/gmd-15-7791-2022
- Measurement report: Nocturnal subsidence behind the cold front enhances surface particulate matter in plains regions: observations from the mobile multi-lidar system Y. Wang et al. 10.5194/acp-24-2267-2024
- Exploring the key meteorological drivers of air pollution by intrinsically interpretable deep learning C. Yan et al. 10.1016/j.envsoft.2025.106571
- Coordination Relationship of Carbon Emissions and Air Pollutants under Governance Measures in a Typical Industrial City in China J. Wang et al. 10.3390/su16010058
- The Cross-Border Transport of PM2.5 from the Southeast Asian Biomass Burning Emissions and Its Impact on Air Pollution in Yunnan Plateau, Southwest China Q. Yang et al. 10.3390/rs14081886
- Impacts of urbanization on air quality and the related health risks in a city with complex terrain C. Zhan et al. 10.5194/acp-23-771-2023
- Terrain effect on atmospheric process in seasonal ozone variation over the Sichuan Basin, Southwest China Z. Shu et al. 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122622
- Vehicle exhausts contribute high near-UV absorption through carbonaceous aerosol during winter in a fast-growing city of Sichuan Basin, China S. Liu et al. 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119966
- Meteorological factors related to winter severe PM2.5 pollution in China: In perspective of thresholds and relation of occurrence frequency with East Asian trough Y. Li et al. 10.1016/j.apr.2023.102002
- Ozone pollution aggravated by mountain-valley breeze over the western Sichuan Basin, Southwest China Y. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142445
- Impacts of atmospheric circulation patterns and cloud inhibition on aerosol radiative effect and boundary layer structure during winter air pollution in Sichuan Basin, China H. Lu et al. 10.5194/acp-24-8963-2024
- Investigating the factors contributing to the maintenance of high levels of warm season nocturnal ozone in a basin city Y. Xia et al. 10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125752
- Air pollution deterioration prior to dissipation induced by complex topography: A case study in the Sichuan Basin, southwestern China Y. Liu et al. 10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108071
29 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Long-term variations in aerosol optical properties, types, and radiative forcing in the Sichuan Basin, Southwest China Z. Shu et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151490
- Quasi-weekly oscillation of regional PM2.5 transport over China driven by the synoptic-scale disturbance of the East Asian winter monsoon circulation Y. Bai et al. 10.5194/acp-25-1273-2025
- Driving Force of Meteorology and Emissions on PM2.5 Concentration in Major Urban Agglomerations in China J. Niu et al. 10.3390/atmos15121499
- A Deep Forest Algorithm Based on TropOMI Satellite Data to Estimate Near-Ground Ozone Concentration M. Zong et al. 10.3390/atmos15091020
- Topographic effects on nitrogen deposition and critical load exceedance in the Sichuan Basin, China M. Ma et al. 10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.107977
- Radiation fog properties in two consecutive events under polluted and clean conditions in the Yangtze River Delta, China: a simulation study N. Shao et al. 10.5194/acp-23-9873-2023
- Effect of large topography on atmospheric environment in Sichuan Basin: A climate analysis based on changes in atmospheric visibility L. Zhang et al. 10.3389/feart.2022.997586
- Seasonal Variation Characteristics of VOCs and Their Influences on Secondary Pollutants in Yibin, Southwest China L. Kong et al. 10.3390/atmos13091389
- Fine particulate matter pollution in the Sichuan Basin of China from 2013 to 2020: Sources, emissions, and mortality burden X. Yang et al. 10.1016/j.envint.2025.109366
- Attenuation of mountain-valley circulations on PM2.5 pollution over the western Sichuan basin, southwest China Y. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.apr.2023.101796
- The effect of cross-regional transport on ozone and particulate matter pollution in China: A review of methodology and current knowledge K. Qu et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174196
- A study on the analysis of dynamical transmission behavior and mining key monitoring stations in PM and O3 networks in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region of China X. Shi et al. 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116268
- The Extraordinary Trend of the Spatial Distribution of PM2.5 Concentration and Its Meteorological Causes in Sichuan Basin X. Xiang et al. 10.3390/atmos13060853
- Aggravated chemical production of aerosols by regional transport and basin terrain in a heavy PM2.5 pollution episode over central China W. Hu et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2022.119489
- Impact of deep basin terrain on PM2.5 distribution and its seasonality over the Sichuan Basin, Southwest China Z. Shu et al. 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118944
- Regulation of Synoptic Circulation in Regional PM2.5 Transport for Heavy Air Pollution: Study of 5‐year Observation Over Central China W. Hu et al. 10.1029/2021JD035937
- Development of a regional feature selection-based machine learning system (RFSML v1.0) for air pollution forecasting over China L. Fang et al. 10.5194/gmd-15-7791-2022
- Measurement report: Nocturnal subsidence behind the cold front enhances surface particulate matter in plains regions: observations from the mobile multi-lidar system Y. Wang et al. 10.5194/acp-24-2267-2024
- Exploring the key meteorological drivers of air pollution by intrinsically interpretable deep learning C. Yan et al. 10.1016/j.envsoft.2025.106571
- Coordination Relationship of Carbon Emissions and Air Pollutants under Governance Measures in a Typical Industrial City in China J. Wang et al. 10.3390/su16010058
- The Cross-Border Transport of PM2.5 from the Southeast Asian Biomass Burning Emissions and Its Impact on Air Pollution in Yunnan Plateau, Southwest China Q. Yang et al. 10.3390/rs14081886
- Impacts of urbanization on air quality and the related health risks in a city with complex terrain C. Zhan et al. 10.5194/acp-23-771-2023
- Terrain effect on atmospheric process in seasonal ozone variation over the Sichuan Basin, Southwest China Z. Shu et al. 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122622
- Vehicle exhausts contribute high near-UV absorption through carbonaceous aerosol during winter in a fast-growing city of Sichuan Basin, China S. Liu et al. 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119966
- Meteorological factors related to winter severe PM2.5 pollution in China: In perspective of thresholds and relation of occurrence frequency with East Asian trough Y. Li et al. 10.1016/j.apr.2023.102002
- Ozone pollution aggravated by mountain-valley breeze over the western Sichuan Basin, Southwest China Y. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142445
- Impacts of atmospheric circulation patterns and cloud inhibition on aerosol radiative effect and boundary layer structure during winter air pollution in Sichuan Basin, China H. Lu et al. 10.5194/acp-24-8963-2024
- Investigating the factors contributing to the maintenance of high levels of warm season nocturnal ozone in a basin city Y. Xia et al. 10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125752
- Air pollution deterioration prior to dissipation induced by complex topography: A case study in the Sichuan Basin, southwestern China Y. Liu et al. 10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108071
Latest update: 30 Oct 2025
Short summary
                    Focusing on a heavy haze pollution event in the Sichuan Basin (SCB), we investigated the elevated 3D structure of PM2.5 and trans-boundary transport with the WRF-Chem simulation. It is remarkable for vertical PM2.5 that the unique hollows were structured, which which occurred by the interaction of vortex circulations and topographic effects. The SCB was regarded as the major air pollutant source with the trans-boundary transport of PM2.5 affecting atmospheric environment changes.
                    Focusing on a heavy haze pollution event in the Sichuan Basin (SCB), we investigated the...
                    
                Altmetrics
                
                Final-revised paper
            
            
                    Preprint
                
                     
 
                             
                             
                     
                     
                    