Articles | Volume 21, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-853-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-853-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
21 Jan 2021
Research article |
| 21 Jan 2021
Effective radiative forcing from emissions of reactive gases and aerosols – a multi-model comparison
Gillian D. Thornhill
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6BB, UK
William J. Collins
Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6BB, UK
Ryan J. Kramer
Climate and Radiation Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
Universities Space Research Association, 7178 Columbia Gateway Drive, Columbia, MD 21046, USA
Dirk Olivié
Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo, Norway
Ragnhild B. Skeie
CICERO – Centre for International Climate and Environmental
Research Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Fiona M. O'Connor
Met Office, Exeter, UK
Nathan Luke Abraham
National Centre for Atmospheric Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road,
Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
Ramiro Checa-Garcia
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, IPSL/CNRS,
91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Susanne E. Bauer
NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, New York, NY 10025, USA
Makoto Deushi
Meteorological Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan
Louisa K. Emmons
National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80307-3000, USA
Piers M. Forster
School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
Larry W. Horowitz
NOAA, Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL), Princeton, NJ
08540-6649, USA
Ben Johnson
Met Office, Exeter, UK
James Keeble
Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road,
Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
Jean-Francois Lamarque
National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80307-3000, USA
Martine Michou
CNRM, Université de Toulouse, Météo-France, CNRS,
Toulouse, France
Michael J. Mills
National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80307-3000, USA
Jane P. Mulcahy
Met Office, Exeter, UK
Gunnar Myhre
CICERO – Centre for International Climate and Environmental
Research Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Pierre Nabat
CNRM, Université de Toulouse, Météo-France, CNRS,
Toulouse, France
Vaishali Naik
NOAA, Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL), Princeton, NJ
08540-6649, USA
Naga Oshima
Meteorological Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan
Michael Schulz
Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo, Norway
Christopher J. Smith
School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA),
Laxenburg, Austria
Toshihiko Takemura
Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka, Japan
Simone Tilmes
National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80307-3000, USA
Tongwen Wu
Climate System Modeling Division, Beijing Climate Center, Beijing,
China
Guang Zeng
National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA),
Wellington, New Zealand
Jie Zhang
Climate System Modeling Division, Beijing Climate Center, Beijing,
China
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- Climate Benefits of Cleaner Energy Transitions in East and South Asia Through Black Carbon Reduction S. Ramachandran et al. 10.3389/fenvs.2022.842319
- Energy Budget Constraints on the Time History of Aerosol Forcing and Climate Sensitivity C. Smith et al. 10.1029/2020JD033622
- FaIRv2.0.0: a generalized impulse response model for climate uncertainty and future scenario exploration N. Leach et al. 10.5194/gmd-14-3007-2021
- Projected Aerosol Changes Driven by Emissions and Climate Change Using a Machine Learning Method H. Li et al. 10.1021/acs.est.1c04380
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- The Impacts of Aerosol Emissions on Historical Climate in UKESM1 J. Seo et al. 10.3390/atmos11101095
- An empirical approach toward the SLCP reduction targets in Asia for the mid-term climate change mitigation H. Akimoto et al. 10.1186/s40645-020-00385-5
- Climate-driven chemistry and aerosol feedbacks in CMIP6 Earth system models G. Thornhill et al. 10.5194/acp-21-1105-2021
- Assessment of pre-industrial to present-day anthropogenic climate forcing in UKESM1 F. O'Connor et al. 10.5194/acp-21-1211-2021
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- Global and Arctic effective radiative forcing of anthropogenic gases and aerosols in MRI-ESM2.0 N. Oshima et al. 10.1186/s40645-020-00348-w
10 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Methane removal and the proportional reductions in surface temperature and ozone S. Abernethy et al. 10.1098/rsta.2021.0104
- Reevaluation of Total‐Column Ozone Trends and of the Effective Radiative Forcing of Ozone‐Depleting Substances O. Morgenstern et al. 10.1029/2021GL095376
- Climate Benefits of Cleaner Energy Transitions in East and South Asia Through Black Carbon Reduction S. Ramachandran et al. 10.3389/fenvs.2022.842319
- Energy Budget Constraints on the Time History of Aerosol Forcing and Climate Sensitivity C. Smith et al. 10.1029/2020JD033622
- FaIRv2.0.0: a generalized impulse response model for climate uncertainty and future scenario exploration N. Leach et al. 10.5194/gmd-14-3007-2021
- Projected Aerosol Changes Driven by Emissions and Climate Change Using a Machine Learning Method H. Li et al. 10.1021/acs.est.1c04380
- Synergistic effects of air pollutants on meteorological fields at the junction of the Loess Plateau, Mongolian Plateau and Tibetan Plateau over Northwest China during summer R. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.atmosres.2021.105921
- Tropospheric ozone changes and ozone sensitivity from the present day to the future under shared socio-economic pathways Z. Liu et al. 10.5194/acp-22-1209-2022
- Atmospheric methane and nitrous oxide: challenges alongthe path to Net Zero E. Nisbet et al. 10.1098/rsta.2020.0457
- Atmospheric methane removal: a research agenda R. Jackson et al. 10.1098/rsta.2020.0454
8 citations as recorded by crossref.
- The Impacts of Aerosol Emissions on Historical Climate in UKESM1 J. Seo et al. 10.3390/atmos11101095
- An empirical approach toward the SLCP reduction targets in Asia for the mid-term climate change mitigation H. Akimoto et al. 10.1186/s40645-020-00385-5
- Climate-driven chemistry and aerosol feedbacks in CMIP6 Earth system models G. Thornhill et al. 10.5194/acp-21-1105-2021
- Assessment of pre-industrial to present-day anthropogenic climate forcing in UKESM1 F. O'Connor et al. 10.5194/acp-21-1211-2021
- Effective radiative forcing and adjustments in CMIP6 models C. Smith et al. 10.5194/acp-20-9591-2020
- Trends in global tropospheric hydroxyl radical and methane lifetime since 1850 from AerChemMIP D. Stevenson et al. 10.5194/acp-20-12905-2020
- BCC-ESM1 Model Datasets for the CMIP6 Aerosol Chemistry Model Intercomparison Project (AerChemMIP) J. Zhang et al. 10.1007/s00376-020-0151-2
- Global and Arctic effective radiative forcing of anthropogenic gases and aerosols in MRI-ESM2.0 N. Oshima et al. 10.1186/s40645-020-00348-w
Latest update: 30 Mar 2023
Short summary
This paper is a study of how different constituents in the atmosphere, such as aerosols and gases like methane and ozone, affect the energy balance in the atmosphere. Different climate models were run using the same inputs to allow an easy comparison of the results and to understand where the models differ. We found the effect of aerosols is to reduce warming in the atmosphere, but this effect varies between models. Reactions between gases are also important in affecting climate.
This paper is a study of how different constituents in the atmosphere, such as aerosols and...
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