Articles | Volume 21, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-2675-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-2675-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
23 Feb 2021
Research article |
| 23 Feb 2021
| 23 Feb 2021
Changes in black carbon emissions over Europe due to COVID-19 lockdowns
Nikolaos Evangeliou
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Atmospheric and Climate Research (ATMOS), Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Kjeller, Norway
Stephen M. Platt
Department of Atmospheric and Climate Research (ATMOS), Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Kjeller, Norway
Sabine Eckhardt
Department of Atmospheric and Climate Research (ATMOS), Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Kjeller, Norway
Cathrine Lund Myhre
Department of Atmospheric and Climate Research (ATMOS), Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Kjeller, Norway
Paolo Laj
University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, Grenoble-INP, IGE, 38000
Grenoble, France
CNR-ISAC, National Research Council of Italy – Institute of
Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Bologna, Italy
Atmospheric Science division, University of Helsinki, Helsinki,
Finland
Lucas Alados-Arboledas
Department of Applied Physics, Andalusian Institute for Earth System Research (IISTA-CEAMA), Granada,
Spain
Department of Applied Physics, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
John Backman
Atmospheric Composition Research, Finnish Meteorological Institute,
Helsinki, Finland
Benjamin T. Brem
Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen
PSI, Switzerland
Markus Fiebig
Department of Atmospheric and Climate Research (ATMOS), Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Kjeller, Norway
Harald Flentje
Deutscher Wetterdienst, Meteorologisches Observatorium
Hohenpeissenberg, Albin-Schwaiger-Weg 10, 82383 Hohenpeissenberg, Germany
Angela Marinoni
National Research
Council of Italy (ISAC-CNR), Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, 40121, Bologna, Italy
Marco Pandolfi
Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research IDAEA-CSIC,
C/Jordi Girona 18–26, Barcelona 08034, Spain
Jesus Yus-Dìez
Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research IDAEA-CSIC,
C/Jordi Girona 18–26, Barcelona 08034, Spain
Natalia Prats
Izaña Atmospheric Research Center, State Meteorological Agency
(AEMET), C/La Marina 20, 38001, Tenerife, Spain
Jean P. Putaud
European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Via Enrico Fermi
2749, Ispra (VA) 21027, Italy
Karine Sellegri
Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique, UMR6016, CNRS/UBP,
63178 Aubière, France
Mar Sorribas
El Arenosillo Atmospheric Sounding Station, Atmospheric Research and Instrumentation Branch, National Institute for Aerospace Technology, 21130 Huelva, Spain
Konstantinos Eleftheriadis
Environmental Radioactivity Lab, Institute of Nuclear &
Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, NCSR
“Demokritos”, Ag. Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
Stergios Vratolis
Environmental Radioactivity Lab, Institute of Nuclear &
Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, NCSR
“Demokritos”, Ag. Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
Alfred Wiedensohler
Department Experimental Aerosol and Cloud Microphysics, Leibniz
Institute for Tropospheric Research, Leipzig, Germany
Andreas Stohl
Department of Meteorology and Geophysics, University of Vienna, UZA
II, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Latest update: 19 Nov 2025
Short summary
Following the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 to Europe, social distancing rules were introduced to prevent further spread. We investigate the impacts of the European lockdowns on black carbon (BC) emissions by means of in situ observations and inverse modelling. BC emissions declined by 23 kt in Europe during the lockdowns as compared with previous years and by 11 % as compared to the period prior to lockdowns. Residential combustion prevailed in Eastern Europe, as confirmed by remote sensing data.
Following the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 to Europe, social distancing rules were introduced to...
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