Articles | Volume 21, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-2149-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-2149-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
12 Feb 2021
Research article |
| 12 Feb 2021
| 12 Feb 2021
Global trends and European emissions of tetrafluoromethane (CF4), hexafluoroethane (C2F6) and octafluoropropane (C3F8)
Atmospheric Chemistry Research Group, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
Alistair J. Manning
Met Office Hadley Centre, Exeter, UK
Luke M. Western
Atmospheric Chemistry Research Group, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
Dickon Young
Atmospheric Chemistry Research Group, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
Adam Wisher
Atmospheric Chemistry Research Group, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
Matthew Rigby
Atmospheric Chemistry Research Group, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
Stefan Reimann
Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Ueberlandstrasse 129, Dübendorf, Switzerland
Martin K. Vollmer
Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Ueberlandstrasse 129, Dübendorf, Switzerland
Michela Maione
Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino, Urbino, Italy
Jgor Arduini
Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino, Urbino, Italy
Paul B. Krummel
Climate Science Centre, CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Aspendale, Australia
Jens Mühle
Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
Christina M. Harth
Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
Brendan Evans
Atmospheric Chemistry Research Group, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
Ray F. Weiss
Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
Ronald G. Prinn
Center for Global Change Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Building 54-1312, Cambridge, MA, USA
Simon O'Doherty
Atmospheric Chemistry Research Group, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Cited
21 citations as recorded by crossref.
- S-doped SnO2 nanoparticles with a smaller grain size for highly efficient detection of greenhouse gas hexafluoroethane J. He et al. 10.1016/j.snb.2024.136335
- Projected increases in emissions of high global warming potential fluorinated gases in China L. Guo et al. 10.1038/s43247-023-00859-6
- Low global warming C5F10O isomers for plasma atomic layer etching and reactive ion etching of SiO2 and Si3N4 J. Kim et al. 10.1002/ppap.202300216
- Western European emission estimates of CFC-11, CFC-12 and CCl4 derived from atmospheric measurements from 2008 to 2021 A. Redington et al. 10.5194/acp-23-7383-2023
- Aluminum-based metal organic frameworks for greenhouse gases CF4 and C2F6 capture with excellent capacity and selectivity J. Zhu et al. 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.125614
- In-situ Raman spectroscopic observations of C3F8 enclathration in the presence of various help gases T. Uchida et al. 10.1016/j.ces.2024.121052
- Catalytic Hydrolysis of Perfluorinated Compounds in a Yolk–Shell Micro‐Reactor J. Zheng et al. 10.1002/advs.202413203
- Revealing the global emission gaps for fully fluorinated greenhouse gases L. Guo & X. Fang 10.1038/s41598-024-58504-x
- Systematic control technologies for gaseous pollutants from non-ferrous metallurgy H. Liu et al. 10.1016/j.jes.2022.01.035
- Repurposing of F-gases: challenges and opportunities in fluorine chemistry D. Sheldon & M. Crimmin 10.1039/D1CS01072G
- Production of Nd and Nd–Fe Alloys from NdCl3 by Calciothermic Reduction J. Yu et al. 10.3390/ma18050971
- A comprehensive review of reduction technologies for tetrafluoromethane (CF4): Progress, challenges and future directions J. Li et al. 10.1016/j.seppur.2025.131827
- Formation mechanism and treatment status of perfluorocarbon in the electrolytic aluminum industry: A review L. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.jece.2023.111767
- Evidence of a recent decline in UK emissions of hydrofluorocarbons determined by the InTEM inverse model and atmospheric measurements A. Manning et al. 10.5194/acp-21-12739-2021
- Highly Selective Adsorption of Perfluorinated Greenhouse Gases by Porous Organic Cages K. Tian et al. 10.1002/adma.202202290
- Review of Gas-Chromatographic Measurement Methodologies for Atmospheric Halogenated Greenhouse Gases N. Han & J. Lim 10.1080/10408347.2024.2302576
- Emissions of Tetrafluoromethane (CF4) and Hexafluoroethane (C2F6) From East Asia: 2008 to 2019 J. Kim et al. 10.1029/2021JD034888
- Detoxification of Carbonaceous Species for Efficient Perfluorocarbon Hydrolysis X. Wang et al. 10.1021/acs.est.4c11326
- Identifying optimal amorphous materials for fluoride removal through Monte Carlo and neural network modeling X. Peng 10.1007/s10450-024-00496-1
- Substantial increase in perfluorocarbons CF 4 (PFC-14) and C 2 F 6 (PFC-116) emissions in China M. An et al. 10.1073/pnas.2400168121
- In Situ Observations of Halogenated Gases at the Shangdianzi Background Station and Emission Estimates for Northern China L. Yi et al. 10.1021/acs.est.3c00695
21 citations as recorded by crossref.
- S-doped SnO2 nanoparticles with a smaller grain size for highly efficient detection of greenhouse gas hexafluoroethane J. He et al. 10.1016/j.snb.2024.136335
- Projected increases in emissions of high global warming potential fluorinated gases in China L. Guo et al. 10.1038/s43247-023-00859-6
- Low global warming C5F10O isomers for plasma atomic layer etching and reactive ion etching of SiO2 and Si3N4 J. Kim et al. 10.1002/ppap.202300216
- Western European emission estimates of CFC-11, CFC-12 and CCl4 derived from atmospheric measurements from 2008 to 2021 A. Redington et al. 10.5194/acp-23-7383-2023
- Aluminum-based metal organic frameworks for greenhouse gases CF4 and C2F6 capture with excellent capacity and selectivity J. Zhu et al. 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.125614
- In-situ Raman spectroscopic observations of C3F8 enclathration in the presence of various help gases T. Uchida et al. 10.1016/j.ces.2024.121052
- Catalytic Hydrolysis of Perfluorinated Compounds in a Yolk–Shell Micro‐Reactor J. Zheng et al. 10.1002/advs.202413203
- Revealing the global emission gaps for fully fluorinated greenhouse gases L. Guo & X. Fang 10.1038/s41598-024-58504-x
- Systematic control technologies for gaseous pollutants from non-ferrous metallurgy H. Liu et al. 10.1016/j.jes.2022.01.035
- Repurposing of F-gases: challenges and opportunities in fluorine chemistry D. Sheldon & M. Crimmin 10.1039/D1CS01072G
- Production of Nd and Nd–Fe Alloys from NdCl3 by Calciothermic Reduction J. Yu et al. 10.3390/ma18050971
- A comprehensive review of reduction technologies for tetrafluoromethane (CF4): Progress, challenges and future directions J. Li et al. 10.1016/j.seppur.2025.131827
- Formation mechanism and treatment status of perfluorocarbon in the electrolytic aluminum industry: A review L. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.jece.2023.111767
- Evidence of a recent decline in UK emissions of hydrofluorocarbons determined by the InTEM inverse model and atmospheric measurements A. Manning et al. 10.5194/acp-21-12739-2021
- Highly Selective Adsorption of Perfluorinated Greenhouse Gases by Porous Organic Cages K. Tian et al. 10.1002/adma.202202290
- Review of Gas-Chromatographic Measurement Methodologies for Atmospheric Halogenated Greenhouse Gases N. Han & J. Lim 10.1080/10408347.2024.2302576
- Emissions of Tetrafluoromethane (CF4) and Hexafluoroethane (C2F6) From East Asia: 2008 to 2019 J. Kim et al. 10.1029/2021JD034888
- Detoxification of Carbonaceous Species for Efficient Perfluorocarbon Hydrolysis X. Wang et al. 10.1021/acs.est.4c11326
- Identifying optimal amorphous materials for fluoride removal through Monte Carlo and neural network modeling X. Peng 10.1007/s10450-024-00496-1
- Substantial increase in perfluorocarbons CF 4 (PFC-14) and C 2 F 6 (PFC-116) emissions in China M. An et al. 10.1073/pnas.2400168121
- In Situ Observations of Halogenated Gases at the Shangdianzi Background Station and Emission Estimates for Northern China L. Yi et al. 10.1021/acs.est.3c00695
Latest update: 04 Jul 2025
Short summary
Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) are potent greenhouse gases with exceedingly long lifetimes. We used atmospheric measurements from a global monitoring network to track the accumulation of these gases in the atmosphere. In the case of the two most abundant PFCs, recent measurements indicate that global emissions are increasing. In Europe, we used a model to estimate regional PFC emissions. Our results show that there was no significant decline in northwest European PFC emissions between 2010 and 2019.
Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) are potent greenhouse gases with exceedingly long lifetimes. We used...
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