Articles | Volume 21, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1759-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1759-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
09 Feb 2021
Research article |
| 09 Feb 2021
| 09 Feb 2021
Sudden changes in nitrogen dioxide emissions over Greece due to lockdown after the outbreak of COVID-19
Maria-Elissavet Koukouli
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics, Aristotle University of
Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
Ioanna Skoulidou
Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics, Aristotle University of
Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
Andreas Karavias
Department of Geography, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
Isaak Parcharidis
Department of Geography, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
Dimitris Balis
Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics, Aristotle University of
Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
Astrid Manders
TNO, Climate, Air and Sustainability, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Arjo Segers
TNO, Climate, Air and Sustainability, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Henk Eskes
Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), De Bilt, the
Netherlands
Jos van Geffen
Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), De Bilt, the
Netherlands
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Cited
33 citations as recorded by crossref.
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- Sources and Variability of Greenhouse Gases over Greece A. Bougiatioti et al. 10.3390/atmos15111288
- Air Pollution Declines During Restriction Phases in China Y. Ma et al. 10.1007/s41748-023-00359-9
- Air Quality in Two Northern Greek Cities Revealed by Their Tropospheric NO2 Levels M. Koukouli et al. 10.3390/atmos13050840
- Nitrogen dioxide spatiotemporal variations in the complex urban environment of Athens, Greece T. Drosoglou et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2023.120115
- Quantifying the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic Restrictions on CO, CO2, and CH4 in Downtown Toronto Using Open-Path Fourier Transform Spectroscopy Y. You et al. 10.3390/atmos12070848
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- Non-uniform tropospheric NO2 level changes in European Union caused by governmental COVID-19 restrictions and geography G. Varga et al. 10.1016/j.cacint.2024.100145
- Natural Aerosols, Gaseous Precursors and Their Impacts in Greece: A Review from the Remote Sensing Perspective V. Amiridis et al. 10.3390/atmos15070753
- Implications of COVID-19 Restriction Measures in Urban Air Quality of Thessaloniki, Greece: A Machine Learning Approach D. Akritidis et al. 10.3390/atmos12111500
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- Nitrogen dioxide decline and rebound observed by GOME-2 and TROPOMI during COVID-19 pandemic S. Liu et al. 10.1007/s11869-021-01046-2
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- Hydrogen Production Using a Nickel Catalyst Combining Redox Activity and Pendent Base Effects S. Wicker et al. 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03308
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- Global seasonal urban, industrial, and background NO2 estimated from TROPOMI satellite observations V. Fioletov et al. 10.5194/acp-25-575-2025
- A New Separation Methodology for the Maritime Sector Emissions over the Mediterranean and Black Sea Regions A. Pseftogkas et al. 10.3390/atmos12111478
- Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic on Tropospheric NO2 over Turkey D. YAVAŞLI & M. ÖLGEN 10.51800/ecd.1109104
- Air quality impacts of COVID-19 lockdown measures detected from space using high spatial resolution observations of multiple trace gases from Sentinel-5P/TROPOMI P. Levelt et al. 10.5194/acp-22-10319-2022
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- Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic related to lockdown measures on tropospheric NO<sub>2</sub> columns over Île-de-France A. Pazmiño et al. 10.5194/acp-21-18303-2021
- Changes in Power Plant NOx Emissions over Northwest Greece Using a Data Assimilation Technique I. Skoulidou et al. 10.3390/atmos12070900
- Global tropospheric ozone responses to reduced NO x emissions linked to the COVID-19 worldwide lockdowns K. Miyazaki et al. 10.1126/sciadv.abf7460
- Dual mid-infrared wavelength Faraday rotation spectroscopy NOx sensor based on NdFeB ring magnet array Y. Cao et al. 10.1016/j.snb.2023.133805
- Assessment of Lockdown Effectiveness during COVID-19 Pandemic Using Air Pollution Data in Armenia in March–June 2019 and 2020: A Cross-Sectional Study A. Sargsyan et al. 10.3390/atmos13101563
- A Neural Network-Based Approach for Real-Time Measurement of the Concentration of Gaseous Pollutants in Tehran Using MODIS M. Saleh et al. 10.61186/jgit.11.4.55
- An improved TROPOMI tropospheric NO<sub>2</sub> research product over Europe S. Liu et al. 10.5194/amt-14-7297-2021
- Secondary PM<sub>2.5</sub> decreases significantly less than NO<sub>2</sub> emission reductions during COVID lockdown in Germany V. Balamurugan et al. 10.5194/acp-22-7105-2022
- Global fine-scale changes in ambient NO2 during COVID-19 lockdowns M. Cooper et al. 10.1038/s41586-021-04229-0
- Satellite observations showed a negligible reduction in NO2 pollution due to COVID-19 lockdown over Poland E. Ugboma et al. 10.3389/fenvs.2023.1172753
- UK surface NO2 levels dropped by 42 % during the COVID-19 lockdown: impact on surface O3 J. Lee et al. 10.5194/acp-20-15743-2020
- Integrating in situ Measurements and City Scale Modelling to Assess the COVID–19 Lockdown Effects on Emissions and Air Quality in Athens, Greece G. Grivas et al. 10.3390/atmos11111174
- Assessment of the COVID-19 Lockdown Effects on Spectral Aerosol Scattering and Absorption Properties in Athens, Greece D. Kaskaoutis et al. 10.3390/atmos12020231
30 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Maritime sector contributions on NO2 surface concentrations in major ports of the Mediterranean Basin A. Pseftogkas et al. 10.1016/j.apr.2024.102228
- Sources and Variability of Greenhouse Gases over Greece A. Bougiatioti et al. 10.3390/atmos15111288
- Air Pollution Declines During Restriction Phases in China Y. Ma et al. 10.1007/s41748-023-00359-9
- Air Quality in Two Northern Greek Cities Revealed by Their Tropospheric NO2 Levels M. Koukouli et al. 10.3390/atmos13050840
- Nitrogen dioxide spatiotemporal variations in the complex urban environment of Athens, Greece T. Drosoglou et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2023.120115
- Quantifying the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic Restrictions on CO, CO2, and CH4 in Downtown Toronto Using Open-Path Fourier Transform Spectroscopy Y. You et al. 10.3390/atmos12070848
- Comparison of S5P/TROPOMI Inferred NO2 Surface Concentrations with In Situ Measurements over Central Europe A. Pseftogkas et al. 10.3390/rs14194886
- Non-uniform tropospheric NO2 level changes in European Union caused by governmental COVID-19 restrictions and geography G. Varga et al. 10.1016/j.cacint.2024.100145
- Natural Aerosols, Gaseous Precursors and Their Impacts in Greece: A Review from the Remote Sensing Perspective V. Amiridis et al. 10.3390/atmos15070753
- Implications of COVID-19 Restriction Measures in Urban Air Quality of Thessaloniki, Greece: A Machine Learning Approach D. Akritidis et al. 10.3390/atmos12111500
- Quantifying urban, industrial, and background changes in NO<sub>2</sub> during the COVID-19 lockdown period based on TROPOMI satellite observations V. Fioletov et al. 10.5194/acp-22-4201-2022
- Nitrogen dioxide decline and rebound observed by GOME-2 and TROPOMI during COVID-19 pandemic S. Liu et al. 10.1007/s11869-021-01046-2
- The CO<sub>2</sub> integral emission by the megacity of St Petersburg as quantified from ground-based FTIR measurements combined with dispersion modelling D. Ionov et al. 10.5194/acp-21-10939-2021
- Hydrogen Production Using a Nickel Catalyst Combining Redox Activity and Pendent Base Effects S. Wicker et al. 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03308
- Evaluation of the LOTOS-EUROS NO<sub>2</sub> simulations using ground-based measurements and S5P/TROPOMI observations over Greece I. Skoulidou et al. 10.5194/acp-21-5269-2021
- Global seasonal urban, industrial, and background NO2 estimated from TROPOMI satellite observations V. Fioletov et al. 10.5194/acp-25-575-2025
- A New Separation Methodology for the Maritime Sector Emissions over the Mediterranean and Black Sea Regions A. Pseftogkas et al. 10.3390/atmos12111478
- Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic on Tropospheric NO2 over Turkey D. YAVAŞLI & M. ÖLGEN 10.51800/ecd.1109104
- Air quality impacts of COVID-19 lockdown measures detected from space using high spatial resolution observations of multiple trace gases from Sentinel-5P/TROPOMI P. Levelt et al. 10.5194/acp-22-10319-2022
- NO2 Sensor Based on Faraday Rotation Spectroscopy Using Ring Array Permanent Magnets Y. Cao et al. 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04821
- Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic related to lockdown measures on tropospheric NO<sub>2</sub> columns over Île-de-France A. Pazmiño et al. 10.5194/acp-21-18303-2021
- Changes in Power Plant NOx Emissions over Northwest Greece Using a Data Assimilation Technique I. Skoulidou et al. 10.3390/atmos12070900
- Global tropospheric ozone responses to reduced NO x emissions linked to the COVID-19 worldwide lockdowns K. Miyazaki et al. 10.1126/sciadv.abf7460
- Dual mid-infrared wavelength Faraday rotation spectroscopy NOx sensor based on NdFeB ring magnet array Y. Cao et al. 10.1016/j.snb.2023.133805
- Assessment of Lockdown Effectiveness during COVID-19 Pandemic Using Air Pollution Data in Armenia in March–June 2019 and 2020: A Cross-Sectional Study A. Sargsyan et al. 10.3390/atmos13101563
- A Neural Network-Based Approach for Real-Time Measurement of the Concentration of Gaseous Pollutants in Tehran Using MODIS M. Saleh et al. 10.61186/jgit.11.4.55
- An improved TROPOMI tropospheric NO<sub>2</sub> research product over Europe S. Liu et al. 10.5194/amt-14-7297-2021
- Secondary PM<sub>2.5</sub> decreases significantly less than NO<sub>2</sub> emission reductions during COVID lockdown in Germany V. Balamurugan et al. 10.5194/acp-22-7105-2022
- Global fine-scale changes in ambient NO2 during COVID-19 lockdowns M. Cooper et al. 10.1038/s41586-021-04229-0
- Satellite observations showed a negligible reduction in NO2 pollution due to COVID-19 lockdown over Poland E. Ugboma et al. 10.3389/fenvs.2023.1172753
3 citations as recorded by crossref.
- UK surface NO2 levels dropped by 42 % during the COVID-19 lockdown: impact on surface O3 J. Lee et al. 10.5194/acp-20-15743-2020
- Integrating in situ Measurements and City Scale Modelling to Assess the COVID–19 Lockdown Effects on Emissions and Air Quality in Athens, Greece G. Grivas et al. 10.3390/atmos11111174
- Assessment of the COVID-19 Lockdown Effects on Spectral Aerosol Scattering and Absorption Properties in Athens, Greece D. Kaskaoutis et al. 10.3390/atmos12020231
Latest update: 29 Jan 2025
Short summary
In recent years, satellite observations have contributed to monitoring air quality. During the first COVID-19 lockdown, lower levels of nitrogen dioxide were observed over Greece by S5P/TROPOMI for March and April 2020 (than the preceding year) due to decreased transport emissions. Taking meteorology into account, using LOTOS-EUROS CTM simulations, the resulting decline due to the lockdown was estimated to range between 0 % and −37 % for the five largest Greek cities, with an average of ~ −10 %.
In recent years, satellite observations have contributed to monitoring air quality. During the...
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