Articles | Volume 21, issue 21
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16219-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16219-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Measurement report
| 
04 Nov 2021
Measurement report |
| 04 Nov 2021
| 04 Nov 2021
Measurement report: Spatiotemporal and policy-related variations of PM2.5 composition and sources during 2015–2019 at multiple sites in a Chinese megacity
Xinyao Feng
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air
Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of
Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350,
China
Yingze Tian
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air
Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of
Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350,
China
CMA-NKU Cooperative Laboratory for Atmospheric Environment-Health Research (CLAER/CMA-NKU), Tianjin, 300350, China
Qianqian Xue
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air
Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of
Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350,
China
Danlin Song
Chengdu Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Chengdu, 610072, China
Fengxia Huang
Chengdu Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Chengdu, 610072, China
Yinchang Feng
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air
Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of
Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350,
China
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- Comprehensive understanding on sources of high levels of fine particulate nitro-aromatic compounds at a coastal rural area in northern China Y. Jiang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2022.09.033
- Magnetic characteristics of atmospheric particulate matter and its indication of atmospheric pollution during winter in Lanzhou, NW China B. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2023.120277
- Impact of Clean Air Policy on Criteria Air Pollutants and Health Risks Across China During 2013–2021 R. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JD038939
- Separating Daily 1 km PM2.5 Inorganic Chemical Composition in China since 2000 via Deep Learning Integrating Ground, Satellite, and Model Data J. Wei et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c00272
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- First long-term air quality assessment in Luanda, Angola: Performance evaluation of a low-cost monitoring station against reference equipment A. da Silva et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2025.102746
- Trends of source apportioned PM2.5 in Tianjin over 2013–2019: Impacts of Clean Air Actions Q. Dai et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121344
- Fireworks celebrations and air pollution: evidence from Chinese Lunar New Year Y. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2023.2268268
- Sustained PM2.5 decline in Shenzhen confronts emerging challenges: Strengthening regional governance and secondary aerosol mitigation K. Tang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121437
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- Chemical characteristics and sources of PM2.5 in Hohhot, a semi-arid city in northern China: insight from the COVID-19 lockdown H. Zhou et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-12153-2022
- Heavy metal emissions from on-road vehicles in Xia-Zhang-Quan metropolitan area in southeastern China from 2015 to 2060: impact of vehicle electrification Z. Wen et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-35772-8
- Comparative source apportionment of PM2.5 for 2014/2019 at a plateau city: Implications for air quality improvement in high-altitude areas G. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2023.101964
- Quantifying the seasonal variations in and regional transport of PM2.5 in the Yangtze River Delta region, China: characteristics, sources, and health risks Y. Zhan et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9837-2023
- PM2.5 source apportionment using organic marker-based chemical mass balance modeling: Influence of inorganic markers and sensitivity to source profiles Y. Tian et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2022.119477
- Variations of inhalation risks during different heavy pollution episodes based on 3-year measurement of toxic components in size-segregated particles Q. Xue et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163234
- Exploring PM2.5 pollution in a representative Northern Chinese county: Insights for air quality management J. Ma et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2025.102470
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- Size-specific health effects of particulate matter components on cardiovascular mortality: a weekly time-series study in Tianjin, China J. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/09603123.2026.2706019
- Has the Construction of National Intellectual Property Model Cities Reduced PM2.5 Concentration and Standard Deviation? New Evidence from Counties in China Y. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17188467
- High spatial-resolved source-specific exposure and risk in the city scale: Influence of spatial interrelationship between PM2.5 sources and population on exposure X. Feng et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171873
- Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) induces microRNA-192–5p causing glomerular damage M. Yarbakht et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118280
- Source apportionment and driving mechanisms of black carbon in a mountainous megacity: insights from urban–suburban observations in Chongqing, China Y. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1039/D6EA00019C
- Quantifying vehicle restriction related PM2.5 reduction using field observations in an isolated urban basin Y. Guo et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad2238
- Designing water spray systems to mitigate particulate matter pollution in an urban area C. Qin et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12273-026-1395-2
- Diesel vehicle emission accounts for the dominate NO source to atmospheric particulate nitrate in a coastal city: Insights from nitrate dual isotopes of PM2.5 W. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2022.106328
28 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Source-dependent temporal toxicity and transcriptomic remodeling by urban ultrafine particles: Megacity - suburban comparison in aging olfactory-brain interface C. Fayad et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181661
- Comprehensive understanding on sources of high levels of fine particulate nitro-aromatic compounds at a coastal rural area in northern China Y. Jiang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2022.09.033
- Magnetic characteristics of atmospheric particulate matter and its indication of atmospheric pollution during winter in Lanzhou, NW China B. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2023.120277
- Impact of Clean Air Policy on Criteria Air Pollutants and Health Risks Across China During 2013–2021 R. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JD038939
- Separating Daily 1 km PM2.5 Inorganic Chemical Composition in China since 2000 via Deep Learning Integrating Ground, Satellite, and Model Data J. Wei et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c00272
- Quantifying role of source variations on PM2.5-bound toxic components under climate change: Measurement at multiple sites during 2018–2022 in a Chinese megacity X. Feng et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138584
- Klebsiella michiganensis BY30: Simultaneous phenol degradation and inorganic nitrogen removal by heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification H. Zhao et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2026.124531
- First long-term air quality assessment in Luanda, Angola: Performance evaluation of a low-cost monitoring station against reference equipment A. da Silva et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2025.102746
- Trends of source apportioned PM2.5 in Tianjin over 2013–2019: Impacts of Clean Air Actions Q. Dai et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121344
- Fireworks celebrations and air pollution: evidence from Chinese Lunar New Year Y. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2023.2268268
- Sustained PM2.5 decline in Shenzhen confronts emerging challenges: Strengthening regional governance and secondary aerosol mitigation K. Tang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121437
- 基于隧道实验的机动车大气污染物实时排放因子研究 . JIANG Weisi et al. https://doi.org/10.3799/dqkx.2025.170
- Chemical characteristics and sources of PM2.5 in Hohhot, a semi-arid city in northern China: insight from the COVID-19 lockdown H. Zhou et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-12153-2022
- Heavy metal emissions from on-road vehicles in Xia-Zhang-Quan metropolitan area in southeastern China from 2015 to 2060: impact of vehicle electrification Z. Wen et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-35772-8
- Comparative source apportionment of PM2.5 for 2014/2019 at a plateau city: Implications for air quality improvement in high-altitude areas G. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2023.101964
- Quantifying the seasonal variations in and regional transport of PM2.5 in the Yangtze River Delta region, China: characteristics, sources, and health risks Y. Zhan et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9837-2023
- PM2.5 source apportionment using organic marker-based chemical mass balance modeling: Influence of inorganic markers and sensitivity to source profiles Y. Tian et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2022.119477
- Variations of inhalation risks during different heavy pollution episodes based on 3-year measurement of toxic components in size-segregated particles Q. Xue et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163234
- Exploring PM2.5 pollution in a representative Northern Chinese county: Insights for air quality management J. Ma et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2025.102470
- Quantifying the driving factors of particulate matter variabilities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and Yangtze River Delta regions from 2015 to 2022 by machine learning approach Z. Pan et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-2545-2026
- Size-specific health effects of particulate matter components on cardiovascular mortality: a weekly time-series study in Tianjin, China J. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/09603123.2026.2706019
- Has the Construction of National Intellectual Property Model Cities Reduced PM2.5 Concentration and Standard Deviation? New Evidence from Counties in China Y. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17188467
- High spatial-resolved source-specific exposure and risk in the city scale: Influence of spatial interrelationship between PM2.5 sources and population on exposure X. Feng et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171873
- Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) induces microRNA-192–5p causing glomerular damage M. Yarbakht et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118280
- Source apportionment and driving mechanisms of black carbon in a mountainous megacity: insights from urban–suburban observations in Chongqing, China Y. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1039/D6EA00019C
- Quantifying vehicle restriction related PM2.5 reduction using field observations in an isolated urban basin Y. Guo et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad2238
- Designing water spray systems to mitigate particulate matter pollution in an urban area C. Qin et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12273-026-1395-2
- Diesel vehicle emission accounts for the dominate NO source to atmospheric particulate nitrate in a coastal city: Insights from nitrate dual isotopes of PM2.5 W. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2022.106328
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 26 Jul 2026
Short summary
This study focused on PM2.5 compositions and sources and explored their spatiotemporal and policy-related variations based on observation at 19 sites during wintertime of 2015–2019 in a fast-developing megacity. We found that PM2.5 compositions for the outermost zone in 2019 were similar to those for the core zone 2 or 3 years ago. Percentage contributions of coal and biomass combustion dramatically declined in the core zone, while the traffic source showed an increasing trend.
This study focused on PM2.5 compositions and sources and explored their spatiotemporal and...
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