Articles | Volume 21, issue 20
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-15619-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-15619-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| Highlight paper
| 
19 Oct 2021
Research article | Highlight paper |
| 19 Oct 2021
| 19 Oct 2021
Self-consistent global transport of metallic ions with WACCM-X
Jianfei Wu
CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
CAS Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology, Hefei, China
Mengcheng National Geophysical Observatory, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
Wuhu Feng
School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
National Center for Atmospheric Science, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
Han-Li Liu
National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado, USA
CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
CAS Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology, Hefei, China
Mengcheng National Geophysical Observatory, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
Hefei National Laboratory for the Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
Frontiers Science Center for Planetary Exploration and Emerging Technologies, University of Science and
Technology of China, Hefei, China
Daniel Robert Marsh
National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado, USA
Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
John Maurice Campbell Plane
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Cited
15 citations as recorded by crossref.
- A seasonal OH minimum region over the Indian Ocean? J. Kuttippurath et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2022.119536
- Self-consistent global transport of metallic ions with WACCM-X J. Wu et al. 10.5194/acp-21-15619-2021
- Opinion: Recent developments and future directions in studying the mesosphere and lower thermosphere J. Plane et al. 10.5194/acp-23-13255-2023
- Simulation of horizontal sporadic E layer movement driven by atmospheric tides S. Andoh et al. 10.1186/s40623-023-01837-0
- Editorial: Observations and simulations of layering phenomena in the middle/upper atmosphere and ionosphere B. Yu et al. 10.3389/fspas.2023.1361434
- Comparison of middle- and low-latitude sodium layer from a ground-based lidar network, the Odin satellite, and WACCM–Na model B. Yu et al. 10.5194/acp-22-11485-2022
- Numerical Simulations of Metallic Ion Density Perturbations in Sporadic E Layers Caused by Gravity Waves L. Qiu et al. 10.1029/2023EA003030
- Physical mechanism for the temporary intensification of wintertime sporadic E layers in 2009 S. Andoh et al. 10.1186/s40623-024-01966-0
- Heavy Molecular and Metallic Ions in the Magnetosphere M. Yamauchi et al. 10.1007/s11214-024-01114-w
- Strategic Study for the Development of Space Physics C. WANG et al. 10.11728/cjss2023.01.yg01
- Advances in the Researches of the Middle and Upper Atmosphere in China in 2020–2022 Z. CHEN et al. 10.11728/cjss2022.04.yg20
- Assessment of Gravity Waves From Tropopause to Thermosphere and Ionosphere in High‐Resolution WACCM‐X Simulations H. Liu et al. 10.1029/2023MS004024
- An Empirical Model of the Ionospheric Sporadic E Layer Based on GNSS Radio Occultation Data B. Yu et al. 10.1029/2022SW003113
- Ionospheric irregularity reconstruction using multisource data fusion via deep learning P. Tian et al. 10.5194/acp-23-13413-2023
- Self-consistent global transport of metallic ions with WACCM-X J. Wu et al. 10.5194/acp-21-15619-2021
14 citations as recorded by crossref.
- A seasonal OH minimum region over the Indian Ocean? J. Kuttippurath et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2022.119536
- Self-consistent global transport of metallic ions with WACCM-X J. Wu et al. 10.5194/acp-21-15619-2021
- Opinion: Recent developments and future directions in studying the mesosphere and lower thermosphere J. Plane et al. 10.5194/acp-23-13255-2023
- Simulation of horizontal sporadic E layer movement driven by atmospheric tides S. Andoh et al. 10.1186/s40623-023-01837-0
- Editorial: Observations and simulations of layering phenomena in the middle/upper atmosphere and ionosphere B. Yu et al. 10.3389/fspas.2023.1361434
- Comparison of middle- and low-latitude sodium layer from a ground-based lidar network, the Odin satellite, and WACCM–Na model B. Yu et al. 10.5194/acp-22-11485-2022
- Numerical Simulations of Metallic Ion Density Perturbations in Sporadic E Layers Caused by Gravity Waves L. Qiu et al. 10.1029/2023EA003030
- Physical mechanism for the temporary intensification of wintertime sporadic E layers in 2009 S. Andoh et al. 10.1186/s40623-024-01966-0
- Heavy Molecular and Metallic Ions in the Magnetosphere M. Yamauchi et al. 10.1007/s11214-024-01114-w
- Strategic Study for the Development of Space Physics C. WANG et al. 10.11728/cjss2023.01.yg01
- Advances in the Researches of the Middle and Upper Atmosphere in China in 2020–2022 Z. CHEN et al. 10.11728/cjss2022.04.yg20
- Assessment of Gravity Waves From Tropopause to Thermosphere and Ionosphere in High‐Resolution WACCM‐X Simulations H. Liu et al. 10.1029/2023MS004024
- An Empirical Model of the Ionospheric Sporadic E Layer Based on GNSS Radio Occultation Data B. Yu et al. 10.1029/2022SW003113
- Ionospheric irregularity reconstruction using multisource data fusion via deep learning P. Tian et al. 10.5194/acp-23-13413-2023
1 citations as recorded by crossref.
Latest update: 29 May 2025
Short summary
Metal layers occur in the MLT region (80–120 km) from the ablation of cosmic dust. The latest lidar observations show these metals can reach a height approaching 200 km, which is challenging to explain. We have developed the first global simulation incorporating the full life cycle of metal atoms and ions. The model results compare well with lidar and satellite observations of the seasonal and diurnal variation of the metals and demonstrate the importance of ion mass and ion-neutral coupling.
Metal layers occur in the MLT region (80–120 km) from the ablation of cosmic dust. The latest...
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