Articles | Volume 21, issue 19
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14703-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14703-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Insight into PM2.5 sources by applying positive matrix factorization (PMF) at urban and rural sites of Beijing
Deepchandra Srivastava
School of Geography Earth and Environmental Science, University of
Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
Jingsha Xu
School of Geography Earth and Environmental Science, University of
Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
Tuan V. Vu
School of Geography Earth and Environmental Science, University of
Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
now at: School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
Di Liu
School of Geography Earth and Environmental Science, University of
Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Science,
Beijing, 100029, China
Linjie Li
Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Science,
Beijing, 100029, China
Pingqing Fu
Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University,
Tianjin, 300072, China
Siqi Hou
School of Geography Earth and Environmental Science, University of
Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
Natalia Moreno Palmerola
Laboratori de Raigs-X, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), C/Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
School of Geography Earth and Environmental Science, University of
Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
School of Geography Earth and Environmental Science, University of
Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
also at: Department of Environmental Sciences/Centre of
Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box
80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Latest update: 27 Mar 2024
Short summary
This study presents the source apportionment of PM2.5 performed by positive matrix factorization (PMF) at urban and rural sites in Beijing. These factors are interpreted as traffic emissions, biomass burning, road and soil dust, coal and oil combustion, and secondary inorganics. PMF failed to resolve some sources identified by CMB and AMS and appears to overestimate the dust sources. Comparison with earlier PMF studies from the Beijing area highlights inconsistent findings using this method.
This study presents the source apportionment of PM2.5 performed by positive matrix factorization...
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