In situ observation of new particle formation (NPF) in the tropical tropopause layer of the 2017 Asian monsoon anticyclone – Part 2: NPF inside ice clouds

Weigel, Ralf; Mahnke, Christoph; Baumgartner, Manuel; Krämer, Martina; Spichtinger, Peter; Spelten, Nicole; Afchine, Armin; Rolf, Christian; Viciani, Silvia; D'Amato, Francesco; Tost, Holger; Borrmann, Stephan

doi:https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-13455-2021

Articles | Volume 21, issue 17

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-13455-2021

© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Special issue:

StratoClim stratospheric and upper tropospheric processes...

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-13455-2021

© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 21, issue 17

Research article

|

10 Sep 2021

Research article |

| 10 Sep 2021

In situ observation of new particle formation (NPF) in the tropical tropopause layer of the 2017 Asian monsoon anticyclone – Part 2: NPF inside ice clouds

Ralf Weigel, Christoph Mahnke, Manuel Baumgartner, Martina Krämer, Peter Spichtinger, Nicole Spelten, Armin Afchine, Christian Rolf, Silvia Viciani, Francesco D'Amato, Holger Tost, and Stephan Borrmann

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Mar 2025	13	17	2	32
Apr 2025	15	16	0	31
May 2025	44	12	2	58
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Jul 2025	15	14	1	30

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Jan 2021	115	48	2	165
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Apr 2021	38	19	1	58
May 2021	41	16	2	59
Jun 2021	32	7	0	39
Jul 2021	38	11	1	50
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Sep 2021	239	61	6	306
Oct 2021	128	105	0	233
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Dec 2021	66	23	1	90
Jan 2022	24	21	0	45
Feb 2022	27	15	2	44
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Jan 2024	12	8	1	21
Feb 2024	15	23	1	39
Mar 2024	21	21	1	43
Apr 2024	29	15	4	48
May 2024	25	14	3	42
Jun 2024	39	17	3	59
Jul 2024	19	10	2	31
Aug 2024	30	14	3	47
Sep 2024	13	14	0	27
Oct 2024	25	6	0	31
Nov 2024	17	14	2	33
Dec 2024	13	14	0	27
Jan 2025	26	20	0	46
Feb 2025	30	7	0	37
Mar 2025	13	17	2	32
Apr 2025	15	16	0	31
May 2025	44	12	2	58
Jun 2025	78	64	5	147
Jul 2025	15	14	1	30

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Short summary

In July and August 2017, the StratoClim mission took place in Nepal with eight flights of the M-55 Geophysica at up to 20 km in the Asian monsoon anticyclone. New particle formation (NPF) next to cloud ice was detected in situ by abundant nucleation-mode aerosols (> 6 nm) along with ice particles (> 3 µm). NPF was observed mainly below the tropopause, down to 15 % being non-volatile residues. Observed intra-cloud NPF indicates its importance for the composition in the tropical tropopause layer.

In situ observation of new particle formation (NPF) in the tropical tropopause layer of the 2017 Asian monsoon anticyclone – Part 2: NPF inside ice clouds

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