Terrestrial or marine – indications towards the origin of ice-nucleating particles during melt season in the European Arctic up to 83.7°&thinsp;N

Hartmann, Markus; Gong, Xianda; Kecorius, Simonas; van Pinxteren, Manuela; Vogl, Teresa; Welti, André; Wex, Heike; Zeppenfeld, Sebastian; Herrmann, Hartmut; Wiedensohler, Alfred; Stratmann, Frank

doi:https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11613-2021

Articles | Volume 21, issue 15

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11613-2021

© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Special issue:

Arctic mixed-phase clouds as studied during the ACLOUD/PASCAL...

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11613-2021

© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 21, issue 15

Research article

|

04 Aug 2021

Research article |

| 04 Aug 2021

Terrestrial or marine – indications towards the origin of ice-nucleating particles during melt season in the European Arctic up to 83.7° N

Markus Hartmann, Xianda Gong, Simonas Kecorius, Manuela van Pinxteren, Teresa Vogl, André Welti, Heike Wex, Sebastian Zeppenfeld, Hartmut Herrmann, Alfred Wiedensohler, and Frank Stratmann

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Final revised paper (published on 04 Aug 2021)
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Preprint (discussion started on 26 Nov 2020)
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Status: closed

AC: Author comment | RC: Referee comment | SC: Short comment | EC: Editor comment

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RC1: 'Hartmann et al. review', Anonymous Referee #1, 04 Jan 2021
RC2: 'Review Hartmann et al. "Terrestrial or marine? - Indications towards the origin of Ice Nucleating Particles during melt season in the European Arctic up to 83.7°N"', Anonymous Referee #2, 05 Jan 2021
AC1: 'Response to RCs', Markus Hartmann, 05 Apr 2021
AC2: 'Response to RCs', Markus Hartmann, 05 Apr 2021

Peer-review completion

AR: Author's response | RR: Referee report | ED: Editor decision

AR by Markus Hartmann on behalf of the Authors (05 Apr 2021) Author's response Author's tracked changes Manuscript

ED: Referee Nomination & Report Request started (13 Apr 2021) by Amy Solomon

RR by Anonymous Referee #1 (05 May 2021)

RR by Russell Schnell (11 May 2021)

Suggestions for revision or reasons for rejection

Line 610: The authors comment on the high concentration of organic INP in the marine atmosphere compared to those in the ocean waters. They suggest that enhancements of marine organic material between the marine concentrations and atmospheric concentrations would have to be several orders of magnitude to explain the observed atmospheric concentrations.

In fact, such enhancements are well documented to explain the "orders of magnitude" the authors state is required to explain their observations. What they have observed is a phenomenon that was studied in the 1960s and 1970s related to marine bubble bursting jets that highly concentrate surface microlayer organic material and bacteria and eject them into the atmosphere.

The authors should become familiar with the publications of D.C. Blanchard. One that addresses the enhancement of organics and bacteria between marine waters and air is:

"Jet drop enrichment of bacteria, virus, and dissolved organic material, Duncan C. Blanchard, Pure and Applied Geophysics, Volume 116, pages 302–308 (1978).

He and his associated have other papers on the subject.

I suggest the manuscript should be modified to reference and discuss the earlier measurements on the enhancement process. This addition will nicely address one of the unanswered items posed by the authors enhance the veracity of their measurements. And their courage to present observations that some might construe as faulty measurements as the results seem counterintuitive.

With this small modification, I suggest this important paper is ready for publication and that it will be well received and referenced many times as it contains such a wealth of important Arctic relevant information.

Note to the authors: If this was my paper, I would change the title to read something along the like of "Are all the most active terrestrial and marine ice nuclei observed during the ... of biological origin?"

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ED: Publish subject to minor revisions (review by editor) (19 May 2021) by Amy Solomon

AR by Markus Hartmann on behalf of the Authors (27 May 2021) Author's response Author's tracked changes Manuscript

ED: Publish as is (27 May 2021) by Amy Solomon

AR by Markus Hartmann on behalf of the Authors (06 Jun 2021)

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Short summary

Ice-nucleating particles (INPs) are not well characterized in the Arctic despite their importance for the Arctic energy budget. Little is known about their nature (mineral or biological) and sources (terrestrial or marine, long-range transport or local). We find indications that, at the beginning of the melt season, a local, biogenic, probably marine source is likely, but significant enrichment of INPs has to take place from the ocean to the aerosol phase.