Articles | Volume 18, issue 8 
            
                
                    
                    
            
            
            https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-5861-2018
                    © Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under 
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
                the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-5861-2018
                    © Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under 
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
                the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Gradient flux measurements of sea–air DMS transfer during the Surface Ocean Aerosol Production (SOAP) experiment
Murray J. Smith
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
                                            
                                    
                                            National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA),
Wellington, 6241, New Zealand
                                        
                                    Carolyn F. Walker
                                            National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA),
Wellington, 6241, New Zealand
                                        
                                    Thomas G. Bell
                                            Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, California,
USA
                                        
                                    
                                            Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Plymouth, PL1 3DH, UK
                                        
                                    Mike J. Harvey
                                            National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA),
Wellington, 6241, New Zealand
                                        
                                    Eric S. Saltzman
                                            Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, California,
USA
                                        
                                    Cliff S. Law
                                            National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA),
Wellington, 6241, New Zealand
                                        
                                    
                                            Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
                                        
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                            Cited
15 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Global trend analysis in primary and secondary production of marine aerosol and aerosol optical depth during 2000–2015 S. Song et al. 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.02.152
 - The sensitivity of Southern Ocean atmospheric dimethyl sulfide (DMS) to modeled oceanic DMS concentrations and emissions Y. Bhatti et al. 10.5194/acp-23-15181-2023
 - Methanethiol, dimethyl sulfide and acetone over biologically productive waters in the southwest Pacific Ocean S. Lawson et al. 10.5194/acp-20-3061-2020
 - Dimethyl sulfide cycling in the sea surface microlayer in the southwestern Pacific – Part 1: Enrichment potential determined using a novel sampler A. Saint-Macary et al. 10.5194/os-19-1-2023
 - Benzene-assisted photoionization positive ion mobility spectrometry coupled with a time-resolved introduction for field detecting dimethyl sulfide in seawater L. Peng et al. 10.1039/D0AY01242D
 - Soil and litter emission sources as important contributors to ozone production from volatile organic compounds in island tropical forests H. Zhou et al. 10.1016/j.envres.2025.122297
 - A Sea State Dependent Gas Transfer Velocity for CO2 Unifying Theory, Model, and Field Data X. Zhou et al. 10.1029/2023EA003237
 - The sensitivity of Southern Ocean aerosols and cloud microphysics to sea spray and sulfate aerosol production in the HadGEM3-GA7.1 chemistry–climate model L. Revell et al. 10.5194/acp-19-15447-2019
 - Study on the seasonal variations of dimethyl sulfide, its precursors and their impact factors in the Bohai Sea and North Yellow Sea Y. Guo et al. 10.3389/fmars.2022.999350
 - Negative emissions technologies: A complementary solution for climate change mitigation J. Pires 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.004
 - Estimation of marine dimethyl sulfide emissions from East Asian seas and their impact on natural direct radiative forcing Y. Choi et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.117165
 - Contribution of Sea‐State Dependent Bubbles to Air‐Sea Carbon Dioxide Fluxes B. Reichl & L. Deike 10.1029/2020GL087267
 - Volatile organic compound fluxes in a subarctic peatland and lake R. Seco et al. 10.5194/acp-20-13399-2020
 - Characteristics of methanesulfonic acid, non-sea-salt sulfate and organic carbon aerosols over the Amundsen Sea, Antarctica J. Jung et al. 10.5194/acp-20-5405-2020
 - Overview and preliminary results of the Surface Ocean Aerosol Production (SOAP) campaign C. Law et al. 10.5194/acp-17-13645-2017
 
14 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Global trend analysis in primary and secondary production of marine aerosol and aerosol optical depth during 2000–2015 S. Song et al. 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.02.152
 - The sensitivity of Southern Ocean atmospheric dimethyl sulfide (DMS) to modeled oceanic DMS concentrations and emissions Y. Bhatti et al. 10.5194/acp-23-15181-2023
 - Methanethiol, dimethyl sulfide and acetone over biologically productive waters in the southwest Pacific Ocean S. Lawson et al. 10.5194/acp-20-3061-2020
 - Dimethyl sulfide cycling in the sea surface microlayer in the southwestern Pacific – Part 1: Enrichment potential determined using a novel sampler A. Saint-Macary et al. 10.5194/os-19-1-2023
 - Benzene-assisted photoionization positive ion mobility spectrometry coupled with a time-resolved introduction for field detecting dimethyl sulfide in seawater L. Peng et al. 10.1039/D0AY01242D
 - Soil and litter emission sources as important contributors to ozone production from volatile organic compounds in island tropical forests H. Zhou et al. 10.1016/j.envres.2025.122297
 - A Sea State Dependent Gas Transfer Velocity for CO2 Unifying Theory, Model, and Field Data X. Zhou et al. 10.1029/2023EA003237
 - The sensitivity of Southern Ocean aerosols and cloud microphysics to sea spray and sulfate aerosol production in the HadGEM3-GA7.1 chemistry–climate model L. Revell et al. 10.5194/acp-19-15447-2019
 - Study on the seasonal variations of dimethyl sulfide, its precursors and their impact factors in the Bohai Sea and North Yellow Sea Y. Guo et al. 10.3389/fmars.2022.999350
 - Negative emissions technologies: A complementary solution for climate change mitigation J. Pires 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.004
 - Estimation of marine dimethyl sulfide emissions from East Asian seas and their impact on natural direct radiative forcing Y. Choi et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.117165
 - Contribution of Sea‐State Dependent Bubbles to Air‐Sea Carbon Dioxide Fluxes B. Reichl & L. Deike 10.1029/2020GL087267
 - Volatile organic compound fluxes in a subarctic peatland and lake R. Seco et al. 10.5194/acp-20-13399-2020
 - Characteristics of methanesulfonic acid, non-sea-salt sulfate and organic carbon aerosols over the Amundsen Sea, Antarctica J. Jung et al. 10.5194/acp-20-5405-2020
 
1 citations as recorded by crossref.
Latest update: 04 Nov 2025
Short summary
                    The transfer of gases across the air–sea interface has a significant influence on climate. During a research voyage in the South Pacific we measured the transfer rate of the biogenic gas dimethyl sulfide (DMS) from the ocean using two independent methods. The agreement between the techniques provides confidence in their use in compilations of global gas transfer. We also identified physical conditions under which the observations are not well predicted by a standard gas transfer model.
                    The transfer of gases across the air–sea interface has a significant influence on climate....
                    
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