Concentration and variability of ice nuclei in the subtropical maritime boundary layer

Welti, André; Müller, Konrad; Fleming, Zoë L.; Stratmann, Frank

doi:10.5194/acp-18-5307-2018

Articles | Volume 18, issue 8

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-5307-2018

© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Special issue:

BACCHUS – Impact of Biogenic versus Anthropogenic emissions...

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-5307-2018

© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 18, issue 8

Research article

|

19 Apr 2018

Research article |

| 19 Apr 2018

Concentration and variability of ice nuclei in the subtropical maritime boundary layer

André Welti, Konrad Müller, Zoë L. Fleming, and Frank Stratmann

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Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 30 Aug 2017)

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Aug 2017	72	29	2	103
Sep 2017	91	40	3	134
Oct 2017	39	25	0	64
Nov 2017	25	16	0	41
Dec 2017	21	12	2	35
Jan 2018	23	9	1	33
Feb 2018	17	1	2	20
Mar 2018	20	11	0	31
Apr 2018	218	74	6	298
May 2018	54	30	6	90
Jun 2018	17	21	5	43
Jul 2018	25	23	7	55
Aug 2018	21	19	2	42
Sep 2018	20	26	0	46
Oct 2018	13	14	3	30
Nov 2018	21	20	4	45
Dec 2018	15	5	2	22
Jan 2019	16	13	2	31
Feb 2019	10	10	1	21
Mar 2019	16	11	3	30
Apr 2019	13	19	10	42
May 2019	24	19	2	45
Jun 2019	25	15	1	41
Jul 2019	18	11	4	33
Aug 2019	9	12	6	27
Sep 2019	15	15	3	33
Oct 2019	29	16	10	55
Nov 2019	7	7	5	19
Dec 2019	14	12	4	30
Jan 2020	12	9	7	28
Feb 2020	21	13	6	40
Mar 2020	6	9	1	16
Apr 2020	9	10	6	25
May 2020	8	2	1	11
Jun 2020	21	14	2	37
Jul 2020	28	21	6	55
Aug 2020	9	4	4	17
Sep 2020	19	11	2	32
Oct 2020	11	13	5	29
Nov 2020	10	6	2	18
Dec 2020	13	6	4	23
Jan 2021	30	28	8	66
Feb 2021	8	16	4	28
Mar 2021	11	8	5	24
Apr 2021	8	12	5	25
May 2021	7	10	4	21
Jun 2021	16	8	3	27
Jul 2021	17	12	1	30
Aug 2021	11	14	0	25
Sep 2021	13	9	0	22
Oct 2021	19	28	1	48
Nov 2021	30	26	3	59
Dec 2021	18	13	0	31
Jan 2022	15	13	0	28
Feb 2022	15	7	4	26
Mar 2022	11	5	0	16
Apr 2022	9	4	4	17
May 2022	21	5	6	32
Jun 2022	11	2	7	20
Jul 2022	20	3	1	24
Aug 2022	58	6	0	64
Sep 2022	6	6	2	14
Oct 2022	8	3	1	12
Nov 2022	28	13	2	43
Dec 2022	16	3	0	19
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Feb 2023	20	9	0	29
Mar 2023	19	15	1	35
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Jul 2023	16	14	1	31
Aug 2023	13	7	5	25
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Oct 2023	10	11	1	22
Nov 2023	8	1	1	10
Dec 2023	146	6	3	155
Jan 2024	25	5	0	30
Feb 2024	17	11	0	28
Mar 2024	23	24	3	50
Apr 2024	28	19	3	50
May 2024	25	13	0	38
Jun 2024	42	4	13	59
Jul 2024	314	11	2	327
Aug 2024	38	8	4	50
Sep 2024	19	3	0	22
Oct 2024	65	10	8	83
Nov 2024	22	9	0	31
Dec 2024	23	7	2	32
Jan 2025	20	12	0	32
Feb 2025	35	16	0	51
Mar 2025	17	9	0	26
Apr 2025	17	16	3	36
May 2025	38	9	0	47
Jun 2025	54	18	5	77
Jul 2025	43	20	2	65
Aug 2025	52	21	0	73
Sep 2025	39	22	2	63
Oct 2025	28	27	0	55
Nov 2025	56	22	6	84

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Short summary

We report on ambient concentrations of ice nuclei, measured on the Cabo Verde islands. Concentrations are found to exponentially increase by 7 orders of magnitude from −5 to −38 °C. At each temperature, the frequency distribution of observed concentrations can be described by a lognormal distribution, typical for random dilution of substances during transport. Random dilution is found to account for larger fluctuations in IN concentration than seasonal changes and changes in air mass origin.


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