Articles | Volume 18, issue 22
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-16385-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-16385-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
19 Nov 2018
Research article |
| 19 Nov 2018
| 19 Nov 2018
The vertical variability of ammonia in urban Beijing, China
Yangyang Zhang
Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
Aohan Tang
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
Dandan Wang
Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
Qingqing Wang
State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
Katie Benedict
Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
Lin Zhang
Laboratory for Climate and Ocean–Atmosphere Studies, Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
Duanyang Liu
Jiangsu Meteorological Observatory, Nanjing 210008, China
Sunset CES Inc., Beaverton, OR 97008, USA
Jeffrey L. Collett Jr.
Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
Xuejun Liu
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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42 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Characteristics and sources of atmospheric ammonia at the SORPES station in the western Yangtze river delta of China R. Liu et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2023.120234
- Regional transport and urban emissions are important ammonia contributors in Beijing, China W. Pu et al. 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115062
- Source Apportionment of Atmospheric Ammonia at 16 Sites in China Using a Bayesian Isotope Mixing Model Based on δ15N–NHx Signatures Y. Zhang et al. 10.1021/acs.est.2c09796
- Concentration and Isotopic Composition of Atmospheric Ammonia Throughout the Urban Mixing Layer in Response to Extreme Emission Reduction Y. Chang et al. 10.1021/acsestair.4c00018
- Important Role of NO3 Radical to Nitrate Formation Aloft in Urban Beijing: Insights from Triple Oxygen Isotopes Measured at the Tower M. Fan et al. 10.1021/acs.est.1c02843
- Strong Impacts of Regional Atmospheric Transport on the Vertical Distribution of Aerosol Ammonium over Beijing T. Yang et al. 10.1021/acs.estlett.3c00791
- Evolution of secondary inorganic aerosols amidst improving PM2.5 air quality in the North China plain Y. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117027
- Mobile measurement background quantification methods for determining local traffic emissions and background source contributions to ammonia W. Pu et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2024.120523
- On-road mobile mapping of spatial variations and source contributions of ammonia in Beijing, China W. Pu et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160869
- Indoor NH3 variation and its relationship with outdoor NH3 in urban Beijing X. Zhang et al. 10.1111/ina.12907
- Regional Transport Increases Ammonia Concentration in Beijing, China Q. Wang et al. 10.3390/atmos11060563
- Characteristics of sub-micron aerosols above the urban canopy in Beijing during warm seasons Q. Wang et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171989
- Active vs. passive isotopic analysis: Insights from urban Beijing field measurements and ammonia source signatures N. Bhattarai & S. Wang 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2023.120079
- Characterizing the spatiotemporal nitrogen stable isotopic composition of ammonia in vehicle plumes W. Walters et al. 10.5194/acp-20-11551-2020
- Atmospheric Ammonia in Beijing during the COVID-19 Outbreak: Concentrations, Sources, and Implications Y. Zhang et al. 10.1021/acs.estlett.0c00756
- Aerosol Ammonium in the Urban Boundary Layer in Beijing: Insights from Nitrogen Isotope Ratios and Simulations in Summer 2015 L. Wu et al. 10.1021/acs.estlett.9b00328
- Nitrogen isotopes suggest agricultural and non-agricultural sources contribute equally to NH3 and NH4+ in urban Beijing during December 2018 N. Bhattarai et al. 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121455
- Atmospheric reactive nitrogen concentration and deposition trends from 2011 to 2018 at an urban site in north China X. Luo et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117298
- High spatial resolution assessment of air quality in urban centres using lichen carbon, nitrogen and sulfur contents and stable-isotope-ratio signatures D. Niepsch et al. 10.1007/s11356-023-26652-8
- Rapid transition in winter aerosol composition in Beijing from 2014 to 2017: response to clean air actions H. Li et al. 10.5194/acp-19-11485-2019
- Seasonal variation of NH3 concentration and its controlling factors in Hanoi, Vietnam, depending on the site classification D. Van Nguyen et al. 10.1007/s13762-022-04567-0
- Direct and cross impacts of upwind emission control on downwind PM2.5 under various NH3 conditions in Northeast Asia E. Kim et al. 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115794
- Vertical profile measurements for ammonia in a Japanese deciduous forest using denuder sampling technique: ammonia emissions near the forest floor M. Xu et al. 10.1007/s44273-024-00042-z
- Simultaneous Determination of Gaseous Ammonia and Particulate Ammonium in Ambient Air Using a Cylindrical Wet Effluent Diffusion Denuder and a Continuous Aerosol Sampler L. Alexa & P. Mikuška 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03037
- Radiatively driven NH3 release from agricultural field during wintertime slack season J. Zheng et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118228
- Process-Based Isolation of Pyrogenic Ammonia in Urban Atmosphere and Implications for Ammonium Nitrate Control Y. Feng et al. 10.1021/acsearthspacechem.2c00372
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- NH<sub>3</sub> emissions from large point sources derived from CrIS and IASI satellite observations E. Dammers et al. 10.5194/acp-19-12261-2019
- Characteristics of ambient ammonia and its effects on particulate ammonium in winter of urban Beijing, China R. Zhang et al. 10.1007/s11356-021-14108-w
- Tracking ammonia morning peak, sources and transport with 1 Hz measurements at a rural site in North China Plain Y. He et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117630
- Dominant contribution of combustion-related ammonium during haze pollution in Beijing L. Wu et al. 10.1016/j.scib.2024.01.002
- Aircraft measurements reveal vertical distribution of atmospheric ammonia over the North China Plain in early autumn W. Pu et al. 10.1007/s10311-020-01051-4
- Assessing Contributions of Agricultural and Nonagricultural Emissions to Atmospheric Ammonia in a Chinese Megacity Y. Chang et al. 10.1021/acs.est.8b05984
- Measurement report: Exploring NH<sub>3</sub> behavior in urban and suburban Beijing: comparison and implications Z. Lan et al. 10.5194/acp-21-4561-2021
- Vertical Distributions of Primary and Secondary Aerosols in Urban Boundary Layer: Insights into Sources, Chemistry, and Interaction with Meteorology L. Lei et al. 10.1021/acs.est.1c00479
- Sources, Variations, and Effects on Air Quality of Atmospheric Ammonia Z. Lan et al. 10.1007/s40726-023-00291-6
- Submicron-scale aerosol above the city canopy in Beijing in spring based on in-situ meteorological tower measurements Q. Wang et al. 10.1016/j.atmosres.2022.106128
- Persistent Nonagricultural and Periodic Agricultural Emissions Dominate Sources of Ammonia in Urban Beijing: Evidence from 15N Stable Isotope in Vertical Profiles Y. Zhang et al. 10.1021/acs.est.9b05741
- Temporal characteristics and vertical distribution of atmospheric ammonia and ammonium in winter in Beijing Q. Wang et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.137
- Spatial Distributions of Atmospheric Ammonia in a Rural Area in South Korea and the Associated Impact on a Nearby Urban Area S. Oh et al. 10.3390/atmos12111411
- Robust Evidence of 14C, 13C, and 15N Analyses Indicating Fossil Fuel Sources for Total Carbon and Ammonium in Fine Aerosols in Seoul Megacity S. Lim et al. 10.1021/acs.est.1c03903
- Source apportionment of atmospheric ammonia in suburban Beijing revealed through 15N-stable isotopes S. Feng et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170728
42 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Characteristics and sources of atmospheric ammonia at the SORPES station in the western Yangtze river delta of China R. Liu et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2023.120234
- Regional transport and urban emissions are important ammonia contributors in Beijing, China W. Pu et al. 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115062
- Source Apportionment of Atmospheric Ammonia at 16 Sites in China Using a Bayesian Isotope Mixing Model Based on δ15N–NHx Signatures Y. Zhang et al. 10.1021/acs.est.2c09796
- Concentration and Isotopic Composition of Atmospheric Ammonia Throughout the Urban Mixing Layer in Response to Extreme Emission Reduction Y. Chang et al. 10.1021/acsestair.4c00018
- Important Role of NO3 Radical to Nitrate Formation Aloft in Urban Beijing: Insights from Triple Oxygen Isotopes Measured at the Tower M. Fan et al. 10.1021/acs.est.1c02843
- Strong Impacts of Regional Atmospheric Transport on the Vertical Distribution of Aerosol Ammonium over Beijing T. Yang et al. 10.1021/acs.estlett.3c00791
- Evolution of secondary inorganic aerosols amidst improving PM2.5 air quality in the North China plain Y. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117027
- Mobile measurement background quantification methods for determining local traffic emissions and background source contributions to ammonia W. Pu et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2024.120523
- On-road mobile mapping of spatial variations and source contributions of ammonia in Beijing, China W. Pu et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160869
- Indoor NH3 variation and its relationship with outdoor NH3 in urban Beijing X. Zhang et al. 10.1111/ina.12907
- Regional Transport Increases Ammonia Concentration in Beijing, China Q. Wang et al. 10.3390/atmos11060563
- Characteristics of sub-micron aerosols above the urban canopy in Beijing during warm seasons Q. Wang et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171989
- Active vs. passive isotopic analysis: Insights from urban Beijing field measurements and ammonia source signatures N. Bhattarai & S. Wang 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2023.120079
- Characterizing the spatiotemporal nitrogen stable isotopic composition of ammonia in vehicle plumes W. Walters et al. 10.5194/acp-20-11551-2020
- Atmospheric Ammonia in Beijing during the COVID-19 Outbreak: Concentrations, Sources, and Implications Y. Zhang et al. 10.1021/acs.estlett.0c00756
- Aerosol Ammonium in the Urban Boundary Layer in Beijing: Insights from Nitrogen Isotope Ratios and Simulations in Summer 2015 L. Wu et al. 10.1021/acs.estlett.9b00328
- Nitrogen isotopes suggest agricultural and non-agricultural sources contribute equally to NH3 and NH4+ in urban Beijing during December 2018 N. Bhattarai et al. 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121455
- Atmospheric reactive nitrogen concentration and deposition trends from 2011 to 2018 at an urban site in north China X. Luo et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117298
- High spatial resolution assessment of air quality in urban centres using lichen carbon, nitrogen and sulfur contents and stable-isotope-ratio signatures D. Niepsch et al. 10.1007/s11356-023-26652-8
- Rapid transition in winter aerosol composition in Beijing from 2014 to 2017: response to clean air actions H. Li et al. 10.5194/acp-19-11485-2019
- Seasonal variation of NH3 concentration and its controlling factors in Hanoi, Vietnam, depending on the site classification D. Van Nguyen et al. 10.1007/s13762-022-04567-0
- Direct and cross impacts of upwind emission control on downwind PM2.5 under various NH3 conditions in Northeast Asia E. Kim et al. 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115794
- Vertical profile measurements for ammonia in a Japanese deciduous forest using denuder sampling technique: ammonia emissions near the forest floor M. Xu et al. 10.1007/s44273-024-00042-z
- Simultaneous Determination of Gaseous Ammonia and Particulate Ammonium in Ambient Air Using a Cylindrical Wet Effluent Diffusion Denuder and a Continuous Aerosol Sampler L. Alexa & P. Mikuška 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03037
- Radiatively driven NH3 release from agricultural field during wintertime slack season J. Zheng et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118228
- Process-Based Isolation of Pyrogenic Ammonia in Urban Atmosphere and Implications for Ammonium Nitrate Control Y. Feng et al. 10.1021/acsearthspacechem.2c00372
- PM2.5 and water-soluble inorganic ion concentrations decreased faster in urban than rural areas in China Y. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.jes.2021.09.031
- NH<sub>3</sub> emissions from large point sources derived from CrIS and IASI satellite observations E. Dammers et al. 10.5194/acp-19-12261-2019
- Characteristics of ambient ammonia and its effects on particulate ammonium in winter of urban Beijing, China R. Zhang et al. 10.1007/s11356-021-14108-w
- Tracking ammonia morning peak, sources and transport with 1 Hz measurements at a rural site in North China Plain Y. He et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117630
- Dominant contribution of combustion-related ammonium during haze pollution in Beijing L. Wu et al. 10.1016/j.scib.2024.01.002
- Aircraft measurements reveal vertical distribution of atmospheric ammonia over the North China Plain in early autumn W. Pu et al. 10.1007/s10311-020-01051-4
- Assessing Contributions of Agricultural and Nonagricultural Emissions to Atmospheric Ammonia in a Chinese Megacity Y. Chang et al. 10.1021/acs.est.8b05984
- Measurement report: Exploring NH<sub>3</sub> behavior in urban and suburban Beijing: comparison and implications Z. Lan et al. 10.5194/acp-21-4561-2021
- Vertical Distributions of Primary and Secondary Aerosols in Urban Boundary Layer: Insights into Sources, Chemistry, and Interaction with Meteorology L. Lei et al. 10.1021/acs.est.1c00479
- Sources, Variations, and Effects on Air Quality of Atmospheric Ammonia Z. Lan et al. 10.1007/s40726-023-00291-6
- Submicron-scale aerosol above the city canopy in Beijing in spring based on in-situ meteorological tower measurements Q. Wang et al. 10.1016/j.atmosres.2022.106128
- Persistent Nonagricultural and Periodic Agricultural Emissions Dominate Sources of Ammonia in Urban Beijing: Evidence from 15N Stable Isotope in Vertical Profiles Y. Zhang et al. 10.1021/acs.est.9b05741
- Temporal characteristics and vertical distribution of atmospheric ammonia and ammonium in winter in Beijing Q. Wang et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.137
- Spatial Distributions of Atmospheric Ammonia in a Rural Area in South Korea and the Associated Impact on a Nearby Urban Area S. Oh et al. 10.3390/atmos12111411
- Robust Evidence of 14C, 13C, and 15N Analyses Indicating Fossil Fuel Sources for Total Carbon and Ammonium in Fine Aerosols in Seoul Megacity S. Lim et al. 10.1021/acs.est.1c03903
- Source apportionment of atmospheric ammonia in suburban Beijing revealed through 15N-stable isotopes S. Feng et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170728
Latest update: 25 Dec 2024
Short summary
Our study is the first to continually monitor the vertical concentration profile of NH3 in urban Beijing. Weekly concentrations averaged 13.3 ± 4.8 μg m−3. The highest NH3 concentrations were always observed between 32 and 63 m, decreasing toward the surface and toward higher altitudes. Our results demonstrate a NH3 rich atmosphere in urban Beijing, from the ground to at least 320 m. Regional transport from the south (intensive agricultural regions) contributed high NH3 concentrations in Beijing.
Our study is the first to continually monitor the vertical concentration profile of NH3 in urban...
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