This study addresses the limited understanding of heterogeneous N₂O₅ uptake and ClNO₂ production in the polluted environment of China. The results showed that N₂O₅ uptake and ClNO₂ yield cannot be well explained by previous parameterizations and were largely influenced by factors like aerosol water content and biomass burning emission. Our findings illuminate the need to realistically parameterize these heterogeneous processes for better simulation of photochemical and haze pollution in China.