1LACy, Laboratoire de l'Atmosphère et des Cyclones, UMR8105 CNRS, Université de La Réunion, Météo-France, Saint-Denis de La Réunion, France
2OVPF, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, UMR7154, CNRS, Université Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Université Paris Diderot, Bourg-Murat, La Réunion, France
3LaMP, Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique, UMR6016, CNRS, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France
4CNRM, Centre National de la Recherche Météorologique, UMR3589, CNRS, Météo-France, Toulouse, France
5DESS, Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
6Dipartimento DiSTeM, Universitá di Palermo, Italy
7INGV, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Palermo, Italy
8ORA, Observatoire Réunionais de l'Air, Saint-Denis de La Réunion, France
9OSU-R, Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de la Réunion, UMS3365 CNRS, Université de La Réunion, Saint-Denis de La Réunion, France
10Energy, Environment, Water, Research Center, The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus
1LACy, Laboratoire de l'Atmosphère et des Cyclones, UMR8105 CNRS, Université de La Réunion, Météo-France, Saint-Denis de La Réunion, France
2OVPF, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, UMR7154, CNRS, Université Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Université Paris Diderot, Bourg-Murat, La Réunion, France
3LaMP, Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique, UMR6016, CNRS, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France
4CNRM, Centre National de la Recherche Météorologique, UMR3589, CNRS, Météo-France, Toulouse, France
5DESS, Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
6Dipartimento DiSTeM, Universitá di Palermo, Italy
7INGV, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Palermo, Italy
8ORA, Observatoire Réunionais de l'Air, Saint-Denis de La Réunion, France
9OSU-R, Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de la Réunion, UMS3365 CNRS, Université de La Réunion, Saint-Denis de La Réunion, France
10Energy, Environment, Water, Research Center, The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus
Correspondence: Pierre Tulet (pierre.tulet@univ-reunion.fr)
Received: 29 Sep 2016 – Discussion started: 22 Nov 2016 – Revised: 28 Feb 2017 – Accepted: 23 Mar 2017 – Published: 25 Apr 2017
Abstract. The STRAP (Synergie Transdisciplinaire pour Répondre aux Aléas liés aux Panaches volcaniques) campaign was conducted over the entire year of 2015 to investigate the volcanic plumes of Piton de La Fournaise (La Réunion, France). For the first time, measurements at the local (near the vent) and at the regional scales were conducted around the island. The STRAP 2015 campaign has become possible thanks to strong cross-disciplinary collaboration between volcanologists and meteorologists. The main observations during four eruptive periods (85 days) are summarised. They include the estimates of SO2, CO2 and H2O emissions, the altitude of the plume at the vent and over different areas of La Réunion Island, the evolution of the SO2 concentration, the aerosol size distribution and the aerosol extinction profile. A climatology of the volcanic plume dispersion is also reported. Simulations and measurements show that the plumes formed by weak eruptions have a stronger interaction with the surface of the island. Strong SO2 mixing ratio and particle concentrations above 1000 ppb and 50 000 cm−3 respectively are frequently measured over a distance of 20 km from Piton de la Fournaise. The measured aerosol size distribution shows the predominance of small particles in the volcanic plume. Several cases of strong nucleation of sulfuric acid have been observed within the plume and at the distal site of the Maïdo observatory. The STRAP 2015 campaign provides a unique set of multi-disciplinary data that can now be used by modellers to improve the numerical parameterisations of the physical and chemical evolution of the volcanic plumes.
The STRAP campaign was conducted in 2015 to investigate the volcanic plumes of Piton de La Fournaise (La Réunion, France). For the first time, measurements were conducted at the local (near the vent) and regional scales around the island. The STRAP 2015 campaign gave a unique set of multi-disciplinary data that can now be used by modellers to improve the numerical parameterisations of the physical and chemical evolution of the volcanic plumes.
The STRAP campaign was conducted in 2015 to investigate the volcanic plumes of Piton de La...