Articles | Volume 16, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-3761-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-3761-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| Highlight paper
| 
22 Mar 2016
Research article | Highlight paper |
| 22 Mar 2016
Ice melt, sea level rise and superstorms: evidence from paleoclimate data, climate modeling, and modern observations that 2 °C global warming could be dangerous
Climate Science, Awareness and Solutions, Columbia
University Earth Institute, New York, NY 10115, USA
Makiko Sato
Climate Science, Awareness and Solutions, Columbia
University Earth Institute, New York, NY 10115, USA
Paul Hearty
Department of Environmental Studies, University of
North Carolina at Wilmington, NC 28403, USA
Reto Ruedy
Trinnovium LLC, New York, NY 10025, USA
NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025,
USA
Maxwell Kelley
Trinnovium LLC, New York, NY 10025, USA
NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025,
USA
Valerie Masson-Delmotte
Institut
Pierre Simon Laplace, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de
l'Environnement (CEA-CNRS-UVSQ), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Gary Russell
NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025,
USA
George Tselioudis
NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025,
USA
Junji Cao
Key Lab of
Aerosol Chemistry & Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710075, China
Eric Rignot
Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena,
CA 91109, USA
Department of
Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697,
USA
Isabella Velicogna
Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena,
CA 91109, USA
Department of
Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697,
USA
Blair Tormey
Program for the Study of Developed
Shorelines, Western Carolina University, Cullowhee, NC 28723, USA
Bailey Donovan
Department of Geological Sciences, East Carolina
University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
Evgeniya Kandiano
GEOMAR,
Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Wischhofstrasse 1–3, Kiel 24148,
Germany
Karina von Schuckmann
Mediterranean Institute of
Oceanography, University of Toulon, La Garde, France
Pushker Kharecha
Climate Science, Awareness and Solutions, Columbia
University Earth Institute, New York, NY 10115, USA
NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025,
USA
Allegra N. Legrande
NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025,
USA
Michael Bauer
NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025,
USA
Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University,
New York, NY 10027, USA
Kwok-Wai Lo
Trinnovium LLC, New York, NY 10025, USA
NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025,
USA
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Short summary
We use climate simulations, paleoclimate data and modern observations to infer that continued high fossil fuel emissions will yield cooling of Southern Ocean and North Atlantic surfaces, slowdown and shutdown of SMOC & AMOC, increasingly powerful storms and nonlinear sea level rise reaching several meters in 50–150 years, effects missed in IPCC reports because of omission of ice sheet melt and an insensitivity of most climate models, likely due to excessive ocean mixing.
We use climate simulations, paleoclimate data and modern observations to infer that continued...
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