Articles | Volume 16, issue 21
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-13601-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-13601-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
03 Nov 2016
Research article |
| 03 Nov 2016
Unexpectedly acidic nanoparticles formed in dimethylamine–ammonia–sulfuric-acid nucleation experiments at CLOUD
Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA,
92697, USA
visitor at: National Center for Atmospheric Research, Atmospheric
Chemistry Observations and Modeling Lab, Boulder, CO, 80301, USA
formerly at: University of Eastern Finland, Department of Applied
Physics, Kuopio, Finland
Paul M. Winkler
Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
Jaeseok Kim
Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio,
Finland
Arctic Research Center, Korea Polar Research Institute, Yeonsu-gu,
Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
Lars Ahlm
Department of Environmental Science and
Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
Jasmin Tröstl
Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
Arnaud P. Praplan
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki,
Finland
Finnish Meteorological Institute, 00101 Helsinki, Finland
Siegfried Schobesberger
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki,
Finland
Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington,
Seattle, WA 98195, USA
Andreas Kürten
Institute for Atmospheric and
Environmental Sciences, Goethe University of Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Jasper Kirkby
Institute for Atmospheric and
Environmental Sciences, Goethe University of Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva,
Switzerland
Federico Bianchi
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki,
Finland
Jonathan Duplissy
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki,
Finland
Armin Hansel
Institute for Ion and Applied Physics, University of Innsbruck, 6020
Innsbruck, Austria
Tuija Jokinen
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki,
Finland
Helmi Keskinen
Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio,
Finland
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki,
Finland
Katrianne Lehtipalo
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki,
Finland
Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
Markus Leiminger
Institute for Ion and Applied Physics, University of Innsbruck, 6020
Innsbruck, Austria
Tuukka Petäjä
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki,
Finland
Matti Rissanen
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki,
Finland
Linda Rondo
Institute for Atmospheric and
Environmental Sciences, Goethe University of Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Mario Simon
Institute for Atmospheric and
Environmental Sciences, Goethe University of Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Mikko Sipilä
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki,
Finland
Christina Williamson
Institute for Atmospheric and
Environmental Sciences, Goethe University of Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences,
University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
Chemical Sciences
Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
Daniela Wimmer
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki,
Finland
Institute for Atmospheric and
Environmental Sciences, Goethe University of Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Ilona Riipinen
Department of Environmental Science and
Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
Annele Virtanen
Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
James N. Smith
Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA,
92697, USA
formerly at: University of Eastern Finland, Department of Applied
Physics, Kuopio, Finland
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26 citations as recorded by crossref.
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- A tutorial guide on new particle formation experiments using a laminar flow reactor S. Fomete et al. 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2021.105808
- An Experimental and Modeling Study of Nanoparticle Formation and Growth from Dimethylamine and Nitric Acid S. Chee et al. 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b03326
- Hygroscopicity of dimethylaminium-, sulfate-, and ammonium-containing nanoparticles O. Tikkanen et al. 10.1080/02786826.2018.1484071
- Acid–Base Clusters during Atmospheric New Particle Formation in Urban Beijing R. Yin et al. 10.1021/acs.est.1c02701
- Microscopic Insights Into the Formation of Methanesulfonic Acid–Methylamine–Ammonia Particles Under Acid-Rich Conditions M. Liu et al. 10.3389/fevo.2022.875585
- Molecular-level insight into uptake of dimethylamine on hydrated nitric acid clusters A. Pysanenko et al. 10.1039/D2EA00094F
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- Insufficient Condensable Organic Vapors Lead to Slow Growth of New Particles in an Urban Environment X. Li et al. 10.1021/acs.est.2c01566
- Composition of Ultrafine Particles in Urban Beijing: Measurement Using a Thermal Desorption Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometer X. Li et al. 10.1021/acs.est.0c06053
- Ab initio metadynamics calculations of dimethylamine for probing pKb variations in bulk vs. surface environments S. Biswas et al. 10.1039/D0CP03832F
- Effect of Mixing Ammonia and Alkylamines on Sulfate Aerosol Formation B. Temelso et al. 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b11236
- Size-Resolved Chemical Composition of Sub-20 nm Particles from Methanesulfonic Acid Reactions with Methylamine and Ammonia V. Perraud et al. 10.1021/acsearthspacechem.0c00120
- Observational Evidence for the Involvement of Dicarboxylic Acids in Particle Nucleation X. Fang et al. 10.1021/acs.estlett.0c00270
- Temperature effects on sulfuric acid aerosol nucleation and growth: initial results from the TANGENT study L. Tiszenkel et al. 10.5194/acp-19-8915-2019
- Online detection of airborne nanoparticle composition with mass spectrometry: Recent advances, challenges, and opportunities X. Li et al. 10.1016/j.trac.2023.117195
- Atmospheric amines are a crucial yet missing link in Earth’s climate via airborne aerosol production V. Kanawade & T. Jokinen 10.1038/s43247-025-02063-0
- Molecular-Level Understanding of Synergistic Effects in Sulfuric Acid–Amine–Ammonia Mixed Clusters N. Myllys et al. 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b00909
- Mass Spectrometry Analysis in Atmospheric Chemistry J. Laskin et al. 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04249
- Integrated experimental and theoretical approach to probe the synergistic effect of ammonia in methanesulfonic acid reactions with small alkylamines V. Perraud et al. 10.1039/C9EM00431A
- Size resolved chemical composition of nanoparticles from reactions of sulfuric acid with ammonia and dimethylamine H. Chen et al. 10.1080/02786826.2018.1490005
- Mechanisms of Atmospherically Relevant Cluster Growth B. Bzdek et al. 10.1021/acs.accounts.7b00213
- Implications for new particle formation in air of the use of monoethanolamine in carbon capture and storage V. Perraud et al. 10.1039/D4CP00316K
- Size-resolved online chemical analysis of nanoaerosol particles: a thermal desorption differential mobility analyzer coupled to a chemical ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer A. Wagner et al. 10.5194/amt-11-5489-2018
- Modeling the thermodynamics and kinetics of sulfuric acid-dimethylamine-water nanoparticle growth in the CLOUD chamber L. Ahlm et al. 10.1080/02786826.2016.1223268
25 citations as recorded by crossref.
- A predictive model for salt nanoparticle formation using heterodimer stability calculations S. Chee et al. 10.5194/acp-21-11637-2021
- A tutorial guide on new particle formation experiments using a laminar flow reactor S. Fomete et al. 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2021.105808
- An Experimental and Modeling Study of Nanoparticle Formation and Growth from Dimethylamine and Nitric Acid S. Chee et al. 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b03326
- Hygroscopicity of dimethylaminium-, sulfate-, and ammonium-containing nanoparticles O. Tikkanen et al. 10.1080/02786826.2018.1484071
- Acid–Base Clusters during Atmospheric New Particle Formation in Urban Beijing R. Yin et al. 10.1021/acs.est.1c02701
- Microscopic Insights Into the Formation of Methanesulfonic Acid–Methylamine–Ammonia Particles Under Acid-Rich Conditions M. Liu et al. 10.3389/fevo.2022.875585
- Molecular-level insight into uptake of dimethylamine on hydrated nitric acid clusters A. Pysanenko et al. 10.1039/D2EA00094F
- Base synergy in freshly nucleated particles G. Hasan et al. 10.5194/ar-3-101-2025
- Size-dependent chemical composition of atmospheric nanoparticles in urban Beijing during springtime Y. Chen et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2023.119970
- Insufficient Condensable Organic Vapors Lead to Slow Growth of New Particles in an Urban Environment X. Li et al. 10.1021/acs.est.2c01566
- Composition of Ultrafine Particles in Urban Beijing: Measurement Using a Thermal Desorption Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometer X. Li et al. 10.1021/acs.est.0c06053
- Ab initio metadynamics calculations of dimethylamine for probing pKb variations in bulk vs. surface environments S. Biswas et al. 10.1039/D0CP03832F
- Effect of Mixing Ammonia and Alkylamines on Sulfate Aerosol Formation B. Temelso et al. 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b11236
- Size-Resolved Chemical Composition of Sub-20 nm Particles from Methanesulfonic Acid Reactions with Methylamine and Ammonia V. Perraud et al. 10.1021/acsearthspacechem.0c00120
- Observational Evidence for the Involvement of Dicarboxylic Acids in Particle Nucleation X. Fang et al. 10.1021/acs.estlett.0c00270
- Temperature effects on sulfuric acid aerosol nucleation and growth: initial results from the TANGENT study L. Tiszenkel et al. 10.5194/acp-19-8915-2019
- Online detection of airborne nanoparticle composition with mass spectrometry: Recent advances, challenges, and opportunities X. Li et al. 10.1016/j.trac.2023.117195
- Atmospheric amines are a crucial yet missing link in Earth’s climate via airborne aerosol production V. Kanawade & T. Jokinen 10.1038/s43247-025-02063-0
- Molecular-Level Understanding of Synergistic Effects in Sulfuric Acid–Amine–Ammonia Mixed Clusters N. Myllys et al. 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b00909
- Mass Spectrometry Analysis in Atmospheric Chemistry J. Laskin et al. 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04249
- Integrated experimental and theoretical approach to probe the synergistic effect of ammonia in methanesulfonic acid reactions with small alkylamines V. Perraud et al. 10.1039/C9EM00431A
- Size resolved chemical composition of nanoparticles from reactions of sulfuric acid with ammonia and dimethylamine H. Chen et al. 10.1080/02786826.2018.1490005
- Mechanisms of Atmospherically Relevant Cluster Growth B. Bzdek et al. 10.1021/acs.accounts.7b00213
- Implications for new particle formation in air of the use of monoethanolamine in carbon capture and storage V. Perraud et al. 10.1039/D4CP00316K
- Size-resolved online chemical analysis of nanoaerosol particles: a thermal desorption differential mobility analyzer coupled to a chemical ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer A. Wagner et al. 10.5194/amt-11-5489-2018
Latest update: 11 Jul 2025
Short summary
We present chemical observations of newly formed particles as small as ~ 10 nm from new particle formation experiments using sulfuric acid, dimethylamine, ammonia, and water vapor as gas phase reactants. The nanoparticles were more acidic than expected based on thermodynamic expectations, particularly at the smallest measured sizes. The results suggest rapid surface conversion of SO2 to sulfate and show a marked composition change between 10 and 15 nm, possibly indicating a phase change.
We present chemical observations of newly formed particles as small as ~ 10 nm from new particle...
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