Kinetic fractionation of gases by deep air convection in polar firn

Kawamura, K.; Severinghaus, J. P.; Albert, M. R.; Courville, Z. R.; Fahnestock, M. A.; Scambos, T.; Shields, E.; Shuman, C. A.

doi:10.5194/acp-13-11141-2013

Articles | Volume 13, issue 21

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-11141-2013

© Author(s) 2013. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

Special issue:

Firn air: archive of the recent atmosphere

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-11141-2013

© Author(s) 2013. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

Articles | Volume 13, issue 21

Research article

|

15 Nov 2013

Research article |

| 15 Nov 2013

Kinetic fractionation of gases by deep air convection in polar firn

K. Kawamura, J. P. Severinghaus, M. R. Albert, Z. R. Courville, M. A. Fahnestock, T. Scambos, E. Shields, and C. A. Shuman

Viewed

Total article views: 5,711 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)

HTML	PDF	XML	Total	BibTeX	EndNote
3,358	1,887	466	5,711	204	206

HTML: 3,358
PDF: 1,887
XML: 466
Total: 5,711
BibTeX: 204
EndNote: 206

Views and downloads (calculated since 15 Mar 2013)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Mar 2013	53	44	0	97
Apr 2013	23	25	7	55
May 2013	6	13	0	19
Jun 2013	24	13	1	38
Jul 2013	8	21	0	29
Aug 2013	10	18	1	29
Sep 2013	14	17	0	31
Oct 2013	7	13	3	23
Nov 2013	190	106	55	351
Dec 2013	50	90	14	154
Jan 2014	29	64	8	101
Feb 2014	41	29	17	87
Mar 2014	81	51	37	169
Apr 2014	69	43	34	146
May 2014	77	49	45	171
Jun 2014	64	22	59	145
Jul 2014	23	17	4	44
Aug 2014	12	20	4	36
Sep 2014	24	19	3	46
Oct 2014	10	20	0	30
Nov 2014	24	40	1	65
Dec 2014	47	20	0	67
Jan 2015	44	12	0	56
Feb 2015	64	7	1	72
Mar 2015	107	9	3	119
Apr 2015	32	6	3	41
May 2015	14	10	2	26
Jun 2015	37	3	3	43
Jul 2015	24	6	3	33
Aug 2015	10	8	2	20
Sep 2015	8	6	0	14
Oct 2015	31	3	1	35
Nov 2015	29	7	7	43
Dec 2015	7	8	3	18
Jan 2016	29	14	4	47
Feb 2016	29	9	0	38
Mar 2016	22	5	0	27
Apr 2016	8	3	0	11
May 2016	12	1	1	14
Jun 2016	13	4	0	17
Jul 2016	20	4	3	27
Aug 2016	8	5	0	13
Sep 2016	16	3	0	19
Oct 2016	14	1	0	15
Nov 2016	10	3	0	13
Dec 2016	4	2	0	6
Jan 2017	17	5	1	23
Feb 2017	11	6	1	18
Mar 2017	17	10	3	30
Apr 2017	30	10	2	42
May 2017	22	9	1	32
Jun 2017	22	7	4	33
Jul 2017	11	8	3	22
Aug 2017	8	8	1	17
Sep 2017	11	17	5	33
Oct 2017	8	16	3	27
Nov 2017	13	11	2	26
Dec 2017	6	9	6	21
Jan 2018	13	13	0	26
Feb 2018	8	11	1	20
Mar 2018	13	17	1	31
Apr 2018	9	12	1	22
May 2018	11	9	0	20
Jun 2018	15	19	1	35
Jul 2018	12	14	1	27
Aug 2018	20	12	0	32
Sep 2018	9	15	1	25
Oct 2018	16	22	1	39
Nov 2018	13	13	0	26
Dec 2018	13	7	2	22
Jan 2019	14	17	1	32
Feb 2019	10	9	0	19
Mar 2019	8	8	1	17
Apr 2019	8	7	0	15
May 2019	9	9	1	19
Jun 2019	9	5	0	14
Jul 2019	6	11	0	17
Aug 2019	4	10	0	14
Sep 2019	3	2	0	5
Oct 2019	5	5	0	10
Nov 2019	8	6	0	14
Dec 2019	9	8	1	18
Jan 2020	7	3	0	10
Feb 2020	5	5	1	11
Mar 2020	2	6	0	8
Apr 2020	5	7	0	12
May 2020	8	6	0	14
Jun 2020	15	2	0	17
Jul 2020	18	5	7	30
Aug 2020	12	6	4	22
Sep 2020	8	8	0	16
Oct 2020	9	3	0	12
Nov 2020	9	4	0	13
Dec 2020	11	10	0	21
Jan 2021	19	9	0	28
Feb 2021	8	7	0	15
Mar 2021	11	8	0	19
Apr 2021	10	9	0	19
May 2021	4	12	0	16
Jun 2021	5	8	1	14
Jul 2021	9	5	1	15
Aug 2021	12	6	0	18
Sep 2021	11	6	2	19
Oct 2021	3	26	0	29
Nov 2021	13	16	0	29
Dec 2021	11	7	0	18
Jan 2022	12	9	1	22
Feb 2022	12	5	2	19
Mar 2022	7	5	0	12
Apr 2022	7	1	1	9
May 2022	5	10	0	15
Jun 2022	6	2	0	8
Jul 2022	5	8	1	14
Aug 2022	11	2	0	13
Sep 2022	5	6	0	11
Oct 2022	10	1	1	12
Nov 2022	18	9	1	28
Dec 2022	14	4	1	19
Jan 2023	6	9	0	15
Feb 2023	10	4	0	14
Mar 2023	9	11	1	21
Apr 2023	10	3	0	13
May 2023	34	11	0	45
Jun 2023	40	4	3	47
Jul 2023	45	5	4	54
Aug 2023	33	13	1	47
Sep 2023	42	17	2	61
Oct 2023	47	6	3	56
Nov 2023	25	1	0	26
Dec 2023	49	5	1	55
Jan 2024	35	2	1	38
Feb 2024	44	11	1	56
Mar 2024	46	11	5	62
Apr 2024	44	10	2	56
May 2024	30	16	3	49
Jun 2024	22	6	2	30
Jul 2024	14	11	3	28
Aug 2024	32	11	4	47
Sep 2024	15	5	0	20
Oct 2024	11	3	0	14
Nov 2024	12	1	2	15
Dec 2024	13	9	0	22
Jan 2025	30	12	1	43
Feb 2025	39	6	3	48
Mar 2025	20	12	3	35
Apr 2025	24	26	2	52
May 2025	32	6	3	41
Jun 2025	59	7	8	74
Jul 2025	39	9	1	49
Aug 2025	47	10	2	59
Sep 2025	78	17	1	96
Oct 2025	16	18	0	34
Nov 2025	30	48	5	83
Dec 2025	32	15	0	47
Jan 2026	8	1	9

Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 15 Mar 2013)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Mar 2013	53	44	0	97
Apr 2013	23	25	7	55
May 2013	6	13	0	19
Jun 2013	24	13	1	38
Jul 2013	8	21	0	29
Aug 2013	10	18	1	29
Sep 2013	14	17	0	31
Oct 2013	7	13	3	23
Nov 2013	190	106	55	351
Dec 2013	50	90	14	154
Jan 2014	29	64	8	101
Feb 2014	41	29	17	87
Mar 2014	81	51	37	169
Apr 2014	69	43	34	146
May 2014	77	49	45	171
Jun 2014	64	22	59	145
Jul 2014	23	17	4	44
Aug 2014	12	20	4	36
Sep 2014	24	19	3	46
Oct 2014	10	20	0	30
Nov 2014	24	40	1	65
Dec 2014	47	20	0	67
Jan 2015	44	12	0	56
Feb 2015	64	7	1	72
Mar 2015	107	9	3	119
Apr 2015	32	6	3	41
May 2015	14	10	2	26
Jun 2015	37	3	3	43
Jul 2015	24	6	3	33
Aug 2015	10	8	2	20
Sep 2015	8	6	0	14
Oct 2015	31	3	1	35
Nov 2015	29	7	7	43
Dec 2015	7	8	3	18
Jan 2016	29	14	4	47
Feb 2016	29	9	0	38
Mar 2016	22	5	0	27
Apr 2016	8	3	0	11
May 2016	12	1	1	14
Jun 2016	13	4	0	17
Jul 2016	20	4	3	27
Aug 2016	8	5	0	13
Sep 2016	16	3	0	19
Oct 2016	14	1	0	15
Nov 2016	10	3	0	13
Dec 2016	4	2	0	6
Jan 2017	17	5	1	23
Feb 2017	11	6	1	18
Mar 2017	17	10	3	30
Apr 2017	30	10	2	42
May 2017	22	9	1	32
Jun 2017	22	7	4	33
Jul 2017	11	8	3	22
Aug 2017	8	8	1	17
Sep 2017	11	17	5	33
Oct 2017	8	16	3	27
Nov 2017	13	11	2	26
Dec 2017	6	9	6	21
Jan 2018	13	13	0	26
Feb 2018	8	11	1	20
Mar 2018	13	17	1	31
Apr 2018	9	12	1	22
May 2018	11	9	0	20
Jun 2018	15	19	1	35
Jul 2018	12	14	1	27
Aug 2018	20	12	0	32
Sep 2018	9	15	1	25
Oct 2018	16	22	1	39
Nov 2018	13	13	0	26
Dec 2018	13	7	2	22
Jan 2019	14	17	1	32
Feb 2019	10	9	0	19
Mar 2019	8	8	1	17
Apr 2019	8	7	0	15
May 2019	9	9	1	19
Jun 2019	9	5	0	14
Jul 2019	6	11	0	17
Aug 2019	4	10	0	14
Sep 2019	3	2	0	5
Oct 2019	5	5	0	10
Nov 2019	8	6	0	14
Dec 2019	9	8	1	18
Jan 2020	7	3	0	10
Feb 2020	5	5	1	11
Mar 2020	2	6	0	8
Apr 2020	5	7	0	12
May 2020	8	6	0	14
Jun 2020	15	2	0	17
Jul 2020	18	5	7	30
Aug 2020	12	6	4	22
Sep 2020	8	8	0	16
Oct 2020	9	3	0	12
Nov 2020	9	4	0	13
Dec 2020	11	10	0	21
Jan 2021	19	9	0	28
Feb 2021	8	7	0	15
Mar 2021	11	8	0	19
Apr 2021	10	9	0	19
May 2021	4	12	0	16
Jun 2021	5	8	1	14
Jul 2021	9	5	1	15
Aug 2021	12	6	0	18
Sep 2021	11	6	2	19
Oct 2021	3	26	0	29
Nov 2021	13	16	0	29
Dec 2021	11	7	0	18
Jan 2022	12	9	1	22
Feb 2022	12	5	2	19
Mar 2022	7	5	0	12
Apr 2022	7	1	1	9
May 2022	5	10	0	15
Jun 2022	6	2	0	8
Jul 2022	5	8	1	14
Aug 2022	11	2	0	13
Sep 2022	5	6	0	11
Oct 2022	10	1	1	12
Nov 2022	18	9	1	28
Dec 2022	14	4	1	19
Jan 2023	6	9	0	15
Feb 2023	10	4	0	14
Mar 2023	9	11	1	21
Apr 2023	10	3	0	13
May 2023	34	11	0	45
Jun 2023	40	4	3	47
Jul 2023	45	5	4	54
Aug 2023	33	13	1	47
Sep 2023	42	17	2	61
Oct 2023	47	6	3	56
Nov 2023	25	1	0	26
Dec 2023	49	5	1	55
Jan 2024	35	2	1	38
Feb 2024	44	11	1	56
Mar 2024	46	11	5	62
Apr 2024	44	10	2	56
May 2024	30	16	3	49
Jun 2024	22	6	2	30
Jul 2024	14	11	3	28
Aug 2024	32	11	4	47
Sep 2024	15	5	0	20
Oct 2024	11	3	0	14
Nov 2024	12	1	2	15
Dec 2024	13	9	0	22
Jan 2025	30	12	1	43
Feb 2025	39	6	3	48
Mar 2025	20	12	3	35
Apr 2025	24	26	2	52
May 2025	32	6	3	41
Jun 2025	59	7	8	74
Jul 2025	39	9	1	49
Aug 2025	47	10	2	59
Sep 2025	78	17	1	96
Oct 2025	16	18	0	34
Nov 2025	30	48	5	83
Dec 2025	32	15	0	47
Jan 2026	8	1	9

Latest update: 07 Jan 2026