M. R. Carleer1 , C. D. Boone2 , K. A. Walker2,3 , P. F. Bernath2,4 , K. Strong3 , R. J. Sica5 , C. E. Randall6 , H. Vömel7 , J. Kar3 , M. Höpfner8 , M. Milz8,* , T. von Clarmann8 , R. Kivi9 , J. Valverde-Canossa10 , C. E. Sioris11 , M. R. M. Izawa12 , E. Dupuy2 , C. T. McElroy3,11 , J. R. Drummond3,13 , C. R. Nowlan3 , J. Zou3 , F. Nichitiu3 , S. Lossow14 , J. Urban15 , D. Murtagh15 , and D. G. Dufour16
M. R. Carleer et al.
M. R. Carleer1 , C. D. Boone2 , K. A. Walker2,3 , P. F. Bernath2,4 , K. Strong3 , R. J. Sica5 , C. E. Randall6 , H. Vömel7 , J. Kar3 , M. Höpfner8 , M. Milz8,* , T. von Clarmann8 , R. Kivi9 , J. Valverde-Canossa10 , C. E. Sioris11 , M. R. M. Izawa12 , E. Dupuy2 , C. T. McElroy3,11 , J. R. Drummond3,13 , C. R. Nowlan3 , J. Zou3 , F. Nichitiu3 , S. Lossow14 , J. Urban15 , D. Murtagh15 , and D. G. Dufour16
1 Service de Chimie Quantique et Photophysique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium 2 Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada 3 Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada 4 Department of Chemistry, University of York, UK 5 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada 6 Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA 7 Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA 8 Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe and Universität Karlsruhe, Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung, Karlsruhe, Germany 9 Finnish Meteorological Institute, Arctic Research Center, Sodankylä, Finland 10 Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica 11 Environment Canada, Downsview, Ontario, Canada 12 Department of Earth Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada 13 Department of Physics & Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada 14 Department of Meteorology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden 15 Department of Radio and Space Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden 16 Picomole Instruments Inc., Edmonton, Alberta, Canada * now at: Institutionen för Rymdvetenskap, Luleå Tekniska Universitet, Kiruna, Sweden
1 Service de Chimie Quantique et Photophysique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium 2 Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada 3 Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada 4 Department of Chemistry, University of York, UK 5 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada 6 Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA 7 Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA 8 Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe and Universität Karlsruhe, Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung, Karlsruhe, Germany 9 Finnish Meteorological Institute, Arctic Research Center, Sodankylä, Finland 10 Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica 11 Environment Canada, Downsview, Ontario, Canada 12 Department of Earth Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada 13 Department of Physics & Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada 14 Department of Meteorology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden 15 Department of Radio and Space Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden 16 Picomole Instruments Inc., Edmonton, Alberta, Canada * now at: Institutionen för Rymdvetenskap, Luleå Tekniska Universitet, Kiruna, Sweden
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Received: 04 Dec 2007 – Discussion started: 04 Mar 2008
The Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE) mission was launched in August 2003 to sound the atmosphere by solar occultation. Water vapour (H2 O), one of the most important molecules for climate and atmospheric chemistry, is one of the key species provided by the two principal instruments, the infrared Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS) and the MAESTRO UV-Visible spectrometer (ACE-MAESTRO). The first instrument performs measurements on several lines in the 1362–2137 cm−1 range, from which vertically resolved H2 O concentration profiles are retrieved, from 7 to 90 km altitude. ACE-MAESTRO measures profiles using the water absorption band in the near infrared part of the spectrum at 926.0–969.7 nm. This paper presents a comprehensive validation of the ACE-FTS profiles. We have compared the H2 O volume mixing ratio profiles with space-borne (SAGE II, HALOE, POAM III, MIPAS, SMR) observations and measurements from balloon-borne frostpoint hygrometers and a ground based lidar. We show that the ACE-FTS measurements provide H2 O profiles with small retrieval uncertainties in the stratosphere (better than 5% from 15 to 70 km, gradually increasing above). The situation is unclear in the upper troposphere, due mainly to the high variability of the water vapour volume mixing ratio in this region. A new water vapour data product from the ACE-MAESTRO (Measurement of Aerosol Extinction in the Stratosphere and Troposphere Retrieved by Occultation) is also presented and initial comparisons with ACE-FTS are discussed.
M. R. Carleer et al.
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