State Joint Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China

State Joint Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China

State Joint Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China

Research Center of Environment Change, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan

Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Chungli 320, Taiwan

NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA 23681, USA