School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA

School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China

Department of Civil and Structural Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong

School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA

School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA

Department of Civil and Structural Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong

Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA

Department of Civil and Structural Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong

Department of Civil and Structural Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong