Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
ACP
Articles | Volume 26, issue 8
Articles | Volume 26, issue 8
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-5813-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-5813-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 26, issue 8
Research article
 | 
29 Apr 2026
Research article |  | 29 Apr 2026

Sources, concentrations, and seasonal variations of VOC and aerosol particles in downtown Munich in 2023/2024

Yanxia Li, Hengheng Zhang, Xuefeng Shi, Yaowei Li, Sophie Abou-Rizk, Jessica B. Smith, Zhaojin An, Adrian Wenzel, Junwei Song, Thomas Leisner, Frank Keutsch, Jia Chen, and Harald Saathoff

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Short summary
We analyzed Munich air samples across seasons to identify pollution sources. Traffic contributes less to particles than expected, while biomass burning dominates year-round. Summer barbecuing and winter heating release significant pollution. Monoterpene emissions from plants produce particles at night. Effective air quality improvement requires year-round strategies targeting biomass burning, not just vehicles. Understanding each city's pollution patterns is essential for public health.
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