Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
ACP
Articles | Volume 26, issue 5
Articles | Volume 26, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-3541-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-3541-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 26, issue 5
Research article
 | 
09 Mar 2026
Research article |  | 09 Mar 2026

WRF-Chem simulations of CO2 over Belgium and surrounding countries assessed by ground-based measurements

Jiaxin Wang, Sieglinde Callewaert, Minqiang Zhou, Filip Desmet, Sébastien Conil, Michel Ramonet, Pucai Wang, and Martine De Mazière

Data sets

ICOS Atmosphere Release 2023-1 of Level 2 Greenhouse Gas Mole Fractions of CO 2 , CH 4 , N 2 O, CO, meteorology and 14CO2, and flask samples analysed for CO2, CH4, N2O, CO, H2 and SF6 ICOS RI et al. https://doi.org/10.18160/VXCS-95EV

EDGAR 2024 Greenhouse Gas Emissions M. Crippa et al. http://data.europa.eu/89h/88c4dde4-05e0-40cd-70a5b9-19d536f1791a

WRF-Chem simulations of CO2, CH4 and CO over Belgium and Western Europe v2 (Version 2) J. Wang and S. Callewaert https://doi.org/10.18758/7MSM8ZTV

Model code and software

The Weather Research and Forecasting Model NCAR https://github.com/wrf-model/WRF

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Short summary
We used a regional atmospheric transport model to simulate carbon dioxide mole fractions over Western Europe. The results show the importance of anthropogenic emission configurations, particularly near large emission sources, as well as the necessity of improving biogenic flux simulations. These findings contribute to enhancing the accuracy of carbon dioxide modeling and carbon budget inversions.
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