Articles | Volume 26, issue 14
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-10509-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-10509-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Diurnal cycle of stratocumulus mesoscale convective cells in the South-East Pacific
Emma Monnier
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (LMD/IPSL), Sorbonne Université, ENS, Université PSL, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France
Florent Brient
Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (LMD/IPSL), Sorbonne Université, ENS, Université PSL, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France
Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
Jean-Louis Dufresne
Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (LMD/IPSL), Sorbonne Université, ENS, Université PSL, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France
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The RAPSODI dataset compiles 624 radiosonde profiles collected during the 2024 ORCESTRA campaign across the tropical Atlantic: from Cape Verde (INMG), the R/V Meteor, and the Barbados Cloud Observatory. It provides high-resolution temperature, humidity, wind, and pressure data to study convection, tropical waves, and ITCZ dynamics. Data are quality-controlled and openly available in Zarr format via IPFS.
Paulo Ceppi, Alejandro Bodas-Salcedo, Mark D. Zelinka, Timothy Andrews, Florent Brient, Robin Chadwick, Jonathan M. Gregory, Yen-Ting Hwang, Sarah M. Kang, Jennifer E. Kay, Thorsten Mauritsen, Tomoo Ogura, George Tselioudis, Masahiro Watanabe, Mark J. Webb, and Allison A. Wing
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Clouds constitute a key uncertainty for climate change projections. The Cloud Feedback Model Intercomparison Project (CFMIP) aims to address this challenge by evaluating and understanding clouds and their impacts on atmospheric circulation, precipitation, and climate sensitivity. The present paper describes the CFMIP experiment protocol for the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 7 (CMIP7), and discusses the accompanying science questions and opportunities for progress.
Julie Carles, Nicolas Bellouin, Najda Villefranque, and Jean-Louis Dufresne
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Cirrus and contrails affect Earth’s energy balance with a lot of remaining uncertainty. The balance between solar and terrestrial radiation is delicate to calculate, and factors such as cloud optical depth, shape, and Sun position are crucial to estimate the effect of those clouds on radiation. Also, often neglected three-dimensional paths of radiation, or 3D effects, may be important to account for at the climatic scale.
Yoann Tellier, Cyril Crevoisier, Raymond Armante, Jean-Louis Dufresne, and Nicolas Meilhac
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Accurate radiative transfer models (RTMs) are required to improve climate model simulations. We describe the module named 4A-Flux, which is implemented into 4A/OP RTM, aimed at calculating spectral longwave radiative fluxes given a description of the surface, atmosphere, and spectroscopy. In Pincus et al. (2020), 4A-Flux has shown good agreement with state-of-the-art RTMs. Here, it is applied to perform sensitivity studies and will be used to improve the understanding of radiative flux modeling.
Christophe Genthon, Dana Veron, Etienne Vignon, Delphine Six, Jean-Louis Dufresne, Jean-Baptiste Madeleine, Emmanuelle Sultan, and François Forget
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 5731–5746, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-5731-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-5731-2021, 2021
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A 10-year dataset of observation in the atmospheric boundary layer at Dome C on the high Antarctic plateau is presented. This is obtained with sensors at six levels along a tower higher than 40 m. The temperature inversion can reach more than 25 °C along the tower in winter, while full mixing by convection can occur in summer. Different amplitudes of variability for wind and temperature at the different levels reflect different signatures of solar vs. synoptic forcing of the boundary layer.
Benjamin M. Sanderson, Angeline G. Pendergrass, Charles D. Koven, Florent Brient, Ben B. B. Booth, Rosie A. Fisher, and Reto Knutti
Earth Syst. Dynam., 12, 899–918, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-12-899-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-12-899-2021, 2021
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Emergent constraints promise a pathway to the reduction in climate projection uncertainties by exploiting ensemble relationships between observable quantities and unknown climate response parameters. This study considers the robustness of these relationships in light of biases and common simplifications that may be present in the original ensemble of climate simulations. We propose a classification scheme for constraints and a number of practical case studies.
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Short summary
Stratocumulus clouds over the ocean form large cellular patterns whose physics and dynamics remains poorly understood but reflects boundary layer circulation. Using five years of geostationary satellite data, we show these patterns follow a diurnal cycle in the South-East Pacific, growing in the morning, decaying in the afternoon, and stabilizing at night. Despite changes in cell size, their proportion relative to boundary layer depth stays stable, suggesting a fundamental organizing mechanism.
Stratocumulus clouds over the ocean form large cellular patterns whose physics and dynamics...
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