Articles | Volume 25, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-905-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-905-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
23 Jan 2025
Research article |
| 23 Jan 2025
| 23 Jan 2025
Understanding summertime peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) formation and its relation to aerosol pollution: insights from high-resolution measurements and modeling
Baoye Hu
College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environment, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
Fujian Province University Key Laboratory of Pollution Monitoring and Control, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
Naihua Chen
College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environment, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
Pingtan Environmental Monitoring Center of Fujian, Fuzhou, Pingtan 350400, China
Rui Li
Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
Mingqiang Huang
College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environment, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
Fujian Province University Key Laboratory of Pollution Monitoring and Control, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
Fujian Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Ozone Pollution Prevention, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
Youwei Hong
Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
Fujian Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Ozone Pollution Prevention, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
Lingling Xu
Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
Fujian Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Ozone Pollution Prevention, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
Xiaolong Fan
Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
Fujian Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Ozone Pollution Prevention, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
Mengren Li
Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
Fujian Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Ozone Pollution Prevention, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
Lei Tong
Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
Qiuping Zheng
Xiamen Key Laboratory of Straits Meteorology, Xiamen Meteorological Bureau, Xiamen 361012, China
Yuxiang Yang
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Pingtan Environmental Monitoring Center of Fujian, Fuzhou, Pingtan 350400, China
Viewed
Total article views: 8,403 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 09 Sep 2024)
| HTML | XML | Total | Supplement | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4,596 | 1,104 | 2,703 | 8,403 | 348 | 168 | 283 |
- HTML: 4,596
- PDF: 1,104
- XML: 2,703
- Total: 8,403
- Supplement: 348
- BibTeX: 168
- EndNote: 283
Total article views: 3,134 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 23 Jan 2025)
| HTML | XML | Total | Supplement | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2,692 | 377 | 65 | 3,134 | 145 | 72 | 132 |
- HTML: 2,692
- PDF: 377
- XML: 65
- Total: 3,134
- Supplement: 145
- BibTeX: 72
- EndNote: 132
Total article views: 5,269 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 09 Sep 2024)
| HTML | XML | Total | Supplement | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1,904 | 727 | 2,638 | 5,269 | 203 | 96 | 151 |
- HTML: 1,904
- PDF: 727
- XML: 2,638
- Total: 5,269
- Supplement: 203
- BibTeX: 96
- EndNote: 151
Viewed (geographical distribution)
Total article views: 8,403 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 8,400 with geography defined
and 3 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 3,134 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 3,132 with geography defined
and 2 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 5,269 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 5,268 with geography defined
and 1 with unknown origin.
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
Cited
7 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Quantifying transport contributions and diagnosing ozone formation sensitivity: An integrated approach using machine learning with high-resolution gridded data and backward trajectories B. Hu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.147524
- Anthropogenic emissions dominate long-term trends of ozone production sensitivity in southeastern China derived from the ozone monitoring instrument B. Hu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.140028
- Synergistic contributions of typical photochemical reactive species to ozone pollution in the southeastern coastal city of China T. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.139722
- Photooxidation of Acetoin: Reaction Products Study and Atmospheric Degradation Mechanism R. Saha et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.5c00365
- Analysis and Observations Concerning Concentrations of Nitrogen Oxides at the Giordan Lighthouse Atmospheric Observatory, Gozo (Maltese Islands) M. Saliba & A. Micallef https://doi.org/10.3390/sci7010034
- Organic Air Pollutants and Photochemical Smog: A Review of Sources, Atmospheric Transformation, Exposure Risks, and Mitigation Strategies M. Joseph et al. https://doi.org/10.65770/UMRE3932
- Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) in the atmosphere: a comprehensive review of chemistry, measurements, and chemical-transport implications C. Flowerday & J. Hansen https://doi.org/10.1039/D6EA00017G
7 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Quantifying transport contributions and diagnosing ozone formation sensitivity: An integrated approach using machine learning with high-resolution gridded data and backward trajectories B. Hu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.147524
- Anthropogenic emissions dominate long-term trends of ozone production sensitivity in southeastern China derived from the ozone monitoring instrument B. Hu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.140028
- Synergistic contributions of typical photochemical reactive species to ozone pollution in the southeastern coastal city of China T. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.139722
- Photooxidation of Acetoin: Reaction Products Study and Atmospheric Degradation Mechanism R. Saha et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.5c00365
- Analysis and Observations Concerning Concentrations of Nitrogen Oxides at the Giordan Lighthouse Atmospheric Observatory, Gozo (Maltese Islands) M. Saliba & A. Micallef https://doi.org/10.3390/sci7010034
- Organic Air Pollutants and Photochemical Smog: A Review of Sources, Atmospheric Transformation, Exposure Risks, and Mitigation Strategies M. Joseph et al. https://doi.org/10.65770/UMRE3932
- Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) in the atmosphere: a comprehensive review of chemistry, measurements, and chemical-transport implications C. Flowerday & J. Hansen https://doi.org/10.1039/D6EA00017G
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 13 Jun 2026
Short summary
Box modeling with the Master Chemical Mechanism (MCM) was used to explore summertime peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) formation and its link to aerosol pollution under high-ozone conditions. The MCM model is effective in the study of PAN photochemical formation and performed better during the clean period than the haze period. Machine learning analysis identified ammonia, nitrate, and fine particulate matter as the top three factors contributing to simulation bias.
Box modeling with the Master Chemical Mechanism (MCM) was used to explore summertime...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint