Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
ACP
Articles | Volume 25, issue 11
Articles | Volume 25, issue 11
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-5683-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-5683-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 25, issue 11
Research article
 | 
11 Jun 2025
Research article |  | 11 Jun 2025

Investigating the role of stratospheric ozone as a driver of inter-model spread in CO2 effective radiative forcing

Rachael E. Byrom, Gunnar Myhre, Øivind Hodnebrog, Dirk Olivié, and Michael Schulz

Supplement

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-5683-2025-supplement

Data sets

CAM5 Radiative Kernels A. G. Pendergrass https://doi.org/10.5065/D6F47MT6

Quantifying the Importance of Rapid Adjustments for Global Precipitation Changes (https://github.com/ciceroOslo/Radiative-kernels.git) G. Myhre et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL079474

HadGEM3-GA7.1 radiative kernels C. Smith https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3594673

Model code and software

Overview of the Norwegian Earth System Model (NorESM2) and key climate response of CMIP6 DECK, historical, and scenario simulations (https://github.com/NorESMhub/NorESM) Ø. Seland et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-6165-2020

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Short summary
Addressing the cause of model spread in CO2 effective radiative forcing (ERF) is important for reducing uncertainty in climate change. We investigate stratospheric O3 as a driver of this spread by altering its concentration by 50 % and analysing the impact on CO2 forcing. Our experiments show a significant effect on stratospheric temperature that impacts instantaneous radiative forcing, primarily due to the influence on longwave emission. However, the impact on ERF is minimal.
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