Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
ACP
Articles | Volume 25, issue 20
Articles | Volume 25, issue 20
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-13019-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-13019-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 25, issue 20
Research article
 | 
20 Oct 2025
Research article |  | 20 Oct 2025

Surface–bulk photochemical coupling of nonanoic acid and 4-benzoylbenzoic acid: the dual role of the photosensitizer and environmental influences

Ahmed Abdelmonem, Dana Glikman, Yiwei Gong, Björn Braunschweig, Harald Saathoff, Johannes Lützenkirchen, and Mohammed H. Fawey

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Latest update: 18 Jul 2026
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Short summary
This study examines how environmental factors (sunlight, pH, salinity, and surface chemistry) affect air–water interface reactions. Using a surface-specific technique, sum-frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy, we found that compounds like 4-benzoylbenzoic acid (4-BBA) not only act as photosensitizers but also generate new surface-active products under UV light. These reactions have implications for oceans, lakes, and clouds, providing crucial insights for modeling natural processes.
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