Articles | Volume 25, issue 18
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-11157-2025
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-11157-2025
Research article
 | 
24 Sep 2025
Research article |  | 24 Sep 2025

Adiabatic and radiative cooling are both important causes of aerosol activation in simulated fog events in Europe

Pratapaditya Ghosh, Ian Boutle, Paul Field, Adrian Hill, Marie Mazoyer, Katherine J. Evans, Salil Mahajan, Hyun-Gyu Kang, Min Xu, Wei Zhang, and Hamish Gordon

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Interactive discussion

Status: closed

Comment types: AC – author | RC – referee | CC – community | EC – editor | CEC – chief editor | : Report abuse
  • RC1: 'Comment on egusphere-2024-3397', Anonymous Referee #3, 31 Dec 2024
  • RC2: 'Comment on egusphere-2024-3397', Anonymous Referee #1, 06 Jan 2025
  • RC3: 'Comment on egusphere-2024-3397', Anonymous Referee #2, 25 Feb 2025
  • AC1: 'Comment on egusphere-2024-3397', Pratapaditya Ghosh, 16 Jun 2025

Peer review completion

AR: Author's response | RR: Referee report | ED: Editor decision | EF: Editorial file upload
AR by Pratapaditya Ghosh on behalf of the Authors (16 Jun 2025)  Author's response   Author's tracked changes   Manuscript 
ED: Publish as is (18 Jun 2025) by Pablo Saide
AR by Pratapaditya Ghosh on behalf of the Authors (23 Jun 2025)  Manuscript 
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Short summary
We study the life cycle of fog events in Europe using a weather and climate model. By incorporating droplet formation and growth driven by radiative cooling, our model better simulates the total liquid water in foggy atmospheric columns. We show that both adiabatic and radiative cooling play significant, often equally important, roles in driving droplet formation and growth. We discuss strategies to address droplet number overpredictions by improving model physics and addressing model artifacts.
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