Articles | Volume 24, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2985-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2985-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Improved estimates of smoke exposure during Australia fire seasons: importance of quantifying plume injection heights
John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
Loretta J. Mickley
John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
Michelle L. Bell
School of Environment, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
Tianjia Liu
Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
Jenny A. Fisher
Centre for Atmospheric Chemistry, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, 2522, Australia
Maria Val Martin
School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
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Cited
13 citations as recorded by crossref.
- The sensitivity of smoke aerosol dispersion to smoke injection height and source-strength: a multi-model AeroCom study X. Pan et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-171-2026
- HTAP3 Fires: towards a multi-model, multi-pollutant study of fire impacts C. Whaley et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-3265-2025
- Wildfire Smoke Challenges Attainment of the Strengthened U.S. Annual PM2.5 Standard through Regional and Transboundary Contributions M. Hossain et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.6c00101
- North American Fine Particulate Matter Chemical Composition for 2000–2022 from Satellites, Models, and Monitors: The Changing Contribution of Wildfires A. van Donkelaar et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.4c00151
- Contribution of Large Wildfire Events and Burn Severity Classes to Air Pollution in California in 2018 C. Bekker et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.4c00226
- The Trade-offs between Wildfires and Prescribed Fires: A Case Study for 2016 Gatlinburg Wildfires Z. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.4c00233
- Managing Smoke Risk from Wildland Fires: Northern California as a Case Study K. Chung et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c01914
- Wildfire Smoke Is Associated with Larger Outdoor–Indoor PM2.5 Difference in U.S. Homes: A Multi-Region Paired-Sensor Analysis, 2019–2024 X. Huang et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/fire9050190
- Short-term effects of wildfire-specific fine particulate matter and its carbonaceous components on perinatal outcomes: A multicentre cohort study in New South Wales, Australia S. Nyadanu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2024.109007
- Evaluating Chemical Transport and Machine Learning Models for Wildfire Smoke PM2.5: Implications for Assessment of Health Impacts M. Qiu et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c05922
- Biomass burning emission estimation in the MODIS era: State-of-the-art and future directions M. Parrington et al. https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2024.00089
- Long-Range Plume Transport from Brazilian Burnings to Urban São Paulo: A Remote Sensing Analysis G. Silva et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16091022
- Effects of Fire Plume Height on the Geophysical Estimation of Surface Fine Particulate Matter from Satellite Aerosol Optical Depth during North American Wildfires I. Singh et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.5c00035
13 citations as recorded by crossref.
- The sensitivity of smoke aerosol dispersion to smoke injection height and source-strength: a multi-model AeroCom study X. Pan et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-171-2026
- HTAP3 Fires: towards a multi-model, multi-pollutant study of fire impacts C. Whaley et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-3265-2025
- Wildfire Smoke Challenges Attainment of the Strengthened U.S. Annual PM2.5 Standard through Regional and Transboundary Contributions M. Hossain et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.6c00101
- North American Fine Particulate Matter Chemical Composition for 2000–2022 from Satellites, Models, and Monitors: The Changing Contribution of Wildfires A. van Donkelaar et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.4c00151
- Contribution of Large Wildfire Events and Burn Severity Classes to Air Pollution in California in 2018 C. Bekker et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.4c00226
- The Trade-offs between Wildfires and Prescribed Fires: A Case Study for 2016 Gatlinburg Wildfires Z. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.4c00233
- Managing Smoke Risk from Wildland Fires: Northern California as a Case Study K. Chung et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c01914
- Wildfire Smoke Is Associated with Larger Outdoor–Indoor PM2.5 Difference in U.S. Homes: A Multi-Region Paired-Sensor Analysis, 2019–2024 X. Huang et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/fire9050190
- Short-term effects of wildfire-specific fine particulate matter and its carbonaceous components on perinatal outcomes: A multicentre cohort study in New South Wales, Australia S. Nyadanu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2024.109007
- Evaluating Chemical Transport and Machine Learning Models for Wildfire Smoke PM2.5: Implications for Assessment of Health Impacts M. Qiu et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c05922
- Biomass burning emission estimation in the MODIS era: State-of-the-art and future directions M. Parrington et al. https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2024.00089
- Long-Range Plume Transport from Brazilian Burnings to Urban São Paulo: A Remote Sensing Analysis G. Silva et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16091022
- Effects of Fire Plume Height on the Geophysical Estimation of Surface Fine Particulate Matter from Satellite Aerosol Optical Depth during North American Wildfires I. Singh et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.5c00035
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 26 Jul 2026
Short summary
During severe wildfire seasons, smoke can have a significant impact on air quality in Australia. Our study demonstrates that characterization of the smoke plume injection fractions greatly affects estimates of surface smoke PM2.5. Using the plume behavior predicted by the machine learning method leads to the best model agreement with observed surface PM2.5 in key cities across Australia, with smoke PM2.5 accounting for 5 %–52 % of total PM2.5 on average during fire seasons from 2009 to 2020.
During severe wildfire seasons, smoke can have a significant impact on air quality in Australia....
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