The behaviour of charged particles (ions) during new particle formation events in urban Leipzig, Germany
Alex Rowell,James Brean,David C. S. Beddows,Zongbo Shi,Avinash Kumar,Matti Rissanen,Miikka Dal Maso,Peter Mettke,Kay Weinhold,Maik Merkel,and Roy M. Harrison
Alex Rowell
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
James Brean
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
David C. S. Beddows
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Total article views: 4,357 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 4,357 with geography defined
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Total article views: 2,121 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 2,121 with geography defined
and 0 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 2,236 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 2,213 with geography defined
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Ions enhance the formation and growth rates of new particles, affecting the Earth's radiation budget. Despite these effects, there is little published data exploring the sources of ions in the urban environment and their role in new particle formation (NPF). Here we show that natural ion sources dominate in urban environments, while traffic is a secondary source. Ions contribute up to 12.7 % of the formation rate of particles, indicating that they are important for forming urban PM.
Ions enhance the formation and growth rates of new particles, affecting the Earth's radiation...
