The behaviour of charged particles (ions) during new particle formation events in urban Leipzig, Germany
Alex Rowell,James Brean,David C. S. Beddows,Zongbo Shi,Avinash Kumar,Matti Rissanen,Miikka Dal Maso,Peter Mettke,Kay Weinhold,Maik Merkel,and Roy M. Harrison
Alex Rowell
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
Viewed
Total article views: 4,789 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
HTML
PDF
XML
Total
Supplement
BibTeX
EndNote
3,560
892
337
4,789
398
376
424
HTML: 3,560
PDF: 892
XML: 337
Total: 4,789
Supplement: 398
BibTeX: 376
EndNote: 424
Views and downloads (calculated since 03 Apr 2024)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 03 Apr 2024)
Total article views: 2,505 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
HTML
PDF
XML
Total
Supplement
BibTeX
EndNote
1,818
423
264
2,505
184
233
218
HTML: 1,818
PDF: 423
XML: 264
Total: 2,505
Supplement: 184
BibTeX: 233
EndNote: 218
Views and downloads (calculated since 18 Sep 2024)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 18 Sep 2024)
Total article views: 2,284 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
HTML
PDF
XML
Total
Supplement
BibTeX
EndNote
1,742
469
73
2,284
214
143
206
HTML: 1,742
PDF: 469
XML: 73
Total: 2,284
Supplement: 214
BibTeX: 143
EndNote: 206
Views and downloads (calculated since 03 Apr 2024)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 03 Apr 2024)
Viewed (geographical distribution)
Total article views: 4,789 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 4,789 with geography defined
and 0 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 2,505 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 2,505 with geography defined
and 0 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 2,284 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 2,253 with geography defined
and 31 with unknown origin.
Ions enhance the formation and growth rates of new particles, affecting the Earth's radiation budget. Despite these effects, there is little published data exploring the sources of ions in the urban environment and their role in new particle formation (NPF). Here we show that natural ion sources dominate in urban environments, while traffic is a secondary source. Ions contribute up to 12.7 % of the formation rate of particles, indicating that they are important for forming urban PM.
Ions enhance the formation and growth rates of new particles, affecting the Earth's radiation...
