The behaviour of charged particles (ions) during new particle formation events in urban Leipzig, Germany
Alex Rowell,James Brean,David C. S. Beddows,Zongbo Shi,Avinash Kumar,Matti Rissanen,Miikka Dal Maso,Peter Mettke,Kay Weinhold,Maik Merkel,and Roy M. Harrison
Alex Rowell
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
James Brean
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
David C. S. Beddows
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
Viewed
Total article views: 2,240 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
HTML
PDF
XML
Total
Supplement
BibTeX
EndNote
1,807
288
145
2,240
105
58
103
HTML: 1,807
PDF: 288
XML: 145
Total: 2,240
Supplement: 105
BibTeX: 58
EndNote: 103
Views and downloads (calculated since 03 Apr 2024)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 03 Apr 2024)
Total article views: 1,768 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
HTML
PDF
XML
Total
Supplement
BibTeX
EndNote
1,437
211
120
1,768
70
46
84
HTML: 1,437
PDF: 211
XML: 120
Total: 1,768
Supplement: 70
BibTeX: 46
EndNote: 84
Views and downloads (calculated since 18 Sep 2024)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 18 Sep 2024)
Total article views: 472 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
HTML
PDF
XML
Total
Supplement
BibTeX
EndNote
370
77
25
472
35
12
19
HTML: 370
PDF: 77
XML: 25
Total: 472
Supplement: 35
BibTeX: 12
EndNote: 19
Views and downloads (calculated since 03 Apr 2024)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 03 Apr 2024)
Viewed (geographical distribution)
Total article views: 2,240 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 2,240 with geography defined
and 0 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 1,768 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 1,768 with geography defined
and 0 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 472 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 449 with geography defined
and 23 with unknown origin.
Ions enhance the formation and growth rates of new particles, affecting the Earth's radiation budget. Despite these effects, there is little published data exploring the sources of ions in the urban environment and their role in new particle formation (NPF). Here we show that natural ion sources dominate in urban environments, while traffic is a secondary source. Ions contribute up to 12.7 % of the formation rate of particles, indicating that they are important for forming urban PM.
Ions enhance the formation and growth rates of new particles, affecting the Earth's radiation...
