Articles | Volume 23, issue 16
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9287-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9287-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Explaining apparent particle shrinkage related to new particle formation events in western Saudi Arabia does not require evaporation
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)/Physics,
Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Ville Vakkari
Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
Atmospheric Chemistry Research Group, Chemical Resource Beneficiation,
North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
Heikki Lihavainen
Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
Svalbard Integrated Arctic Earth Observing System (SIOS),
Longyearbyen, Norway
Antti-Pekka Hyvärinen
Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
Kimmo Neitola
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)/Physics,
Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Vaisala Oyj, Vantaa, Finland
Jenni Kontkanen
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)/Physics,
Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
CSC – IT Center for Science, Espoo, Finland
Veli-Matti Kerminen
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)/Physics,
Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Markku Kulmala
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)/Physics,
Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Tuukka Petäjä
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)/Physics,
Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Tareq Hussein
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)/Physics,
Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Environmental and Atmospheric Research Laboratory (EARL), Department
of Physics, School of Science, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
Mamdouh I. Khoder
Air Pollution Research Department, Environment and Climate Change
Research Institute, National Research Centre, El Behooth Str., Dokki, Giza
12622, Egypt
Mansour A. Alghamdi
Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Meteorology,
Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah,
Saudi Arabia
Pauli Paasonen
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)/Physics,
Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Cited
7 citations as recorded by crossref.
- A comprehensive study on the validation and application of multi-lognormal distribution models for atmospheric particles K. Zhu & L. Wang https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2024.120813
- A cross-correlation-based method for determining size-resolved particle growth rates J. Lampilahti et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/ar-3-637-2025
- New particle formation dynamics in the central Andes: contrasting urban and mountaintop environments D. Aliaga et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/ar-3-15-2025
- Modelling the impact of anthropogenic aerosols on CCN concentrations over a rural boreal forest environment P. Clusius et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-1967-2026
- Ultrafine aerosol formation and growth in a Southern California desert K. Cramer et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2026.2619538
- Types of regional and localised new aerosol particle formation and growth processes: Atmospheric Banana Atlas I. Salma et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-01149-y
- Effect of planetary boundary layer evolution on new particle formation events over Cyprus N. Deot et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/ar-3-139-2025
7 citations as recorded by crossref.
- A comprehensive study on the validation and application of multi-lognormal distribution models for atmospheric particles K. Zhu & L. Wang https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2024.120813
- A cross-correlation-based method for determining size-resolved particle growth rates J. Lampilahti et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/ar-3-637-2025
- New particle formation dynamics in the central Andes: contrasting urban and mountaintop environments D. Aliaga et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/ar-3-15-2025
- Modelling the impact of anthropogenic aerosols on CCN concentrations over a rural boreal forest environment P. Clusius et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-1967-2026
- Ultrafine aerosol formation and growth in a Southern California desert K. Cramer et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2026.2619538
- Types of regional and localised new aerosol particle formation and growth processes: Atmospheric Banana Atlas I. Salma et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-01149-y
- Effect of planetary boundary layer evolution on new particle formation events over Cyprus N. Deot et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/ar-3-139-2025
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 07 Jun 2026
Short summary
Things are not always as they first seem in ambient aerosol measurements. Observations of decreasing particle sizes are often interpreted as resulting from particle evaporation. We show that such observations can counterintuitively be explained by particles that are constantly growing in size. This requires one to account for the previous movements of the observed air. Our explanation implies a larger number of larger particles, meaning more significant effects of aerosols on climate and health.
Things are not always as they first seem in ambient aerosol measurements. Observations of...
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