Articles | Volume 23, issue 9
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5251-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5251-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
10 May 2023
Research article |
| 10 May 2023
| 10 May 2023
Sulfate formation via aerosol-phase SO2 oxidation by model biomass burning photosensitizers: 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde, vanillin and syringaldehyde using single-particle mixing-state analysis
School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
Zhancong Liang
School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
Brix Raphael Go
School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
Rosemarie Ann Infante Cuevas
School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
Rongzhi Tang
School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
Mei Li
Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Guangzhou 510632, China
Chunlei Cheng
Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Guangzhou 510632, China
Chak K. Chan
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
Low-Carbon and Climate Impact Research Centre of School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
current address: Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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Cited
27 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Investigation of Chemical Composition of Fine Particles in Istanbul With Ion Chromatography R. Flores Rangel https://doi.org/10.7240/jeps.1653993
- Insights into the seasonal characteristics of single particle aerosols in Chengdu based on SPAMS J. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2024.01.018
- Enhanced Sulfate Formation through Synergistic Effects of Chlorine Chemistry and Photosensitization in Atmospheric Particles R. Zhang & C. Chan https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.3c00030
- Significantly Accelerated Photosensitized Formation of Atmospheric Sulfate at the Air–Water Interface of Microdroplets W. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.3c11892
- Acidity of Atmospheric Waters Induces Enhanced H2O2 Production through Photosensitized Chemistry of Phenolic Substances Y. Xie et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.4c00318
- Measurements of Water-Soluble Ions in Particulate Matter 2.5 in Polish Rural Areas: Identifying Possible Sources D. Chyzhykov & B. Mathews https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-024-07265-4
- Unequal toxic effects of size-segregated single particles emitted from typical industrial plants, vehicles, and road dust Q. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.136419
- Quantitative relationships between physicochemical properties of organic carbon from coal combustion and heterogeneous photooxidation of SO2 to sulfates S. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.139132
- Aqueous-Phase Photoreactions of Mixed Aromatic Carbonyl Photosensitizers Yield More Oxygenated, Oxidized, and less Light-Absorbing Secondary Organic Aerosol (SOA) than Single Systems B. Go et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c10199
- Photoenhanced Uptake of SO2 and Organosulfate Formation at the Air–Aqueous Interface Q. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.5c00028
- Biomass-burning organic aerosols as a pool of atmospheric reactive triplets to drive multiphase sulfate formation Z. Liang et al. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2416803121
- Real-Time Detection of Urban Atmospheric Micro–Nanoplastics and Their Chemical Mixing State Using Bioaerosol Single-Particle Mass Spectrometry C. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c06513
- Machine learning based sieving of conducive factors of sulfate scattering from a pool of multiple variables of the atmospheric strata using MAWSIP J. Mogaraju https://doi.org/10.1007/s44288-025-00252-0
- Heterogeneous photochemical uptake of SO2 on typical brown carbon species: A significant sulfate source H. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2024.120425
- Aqueous photochemistry of brown carbon: H2O2 formation, enhanced SO2 oxidation, and the real role of excited triplets B. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121366
- Station-resolved Machine Learning and Variance-based Sensitivity Analysis of PM₁₀ Drivers in an Urban Environment A. Jibrin et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-026-09399-z
- Enhanced sulfate formation in mixed biomass burning and sea-salt interactions mediated by photosensitization: effects of chloride, nitrogen-containing compounds, and atmospheric aging R. Tang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-425-2025
- Significantly surfactant-enhanced photochemical conversion of SO2 to sulfates on photosensitive substances H. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2024.10.014
- Aqueous Photosensitization of Syringaldehyde: Reactivity, Effects of Environmental Factors, and Formation of Brown Carbon Products F. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.4c00004
- Secondary aerosol formation in incense burning particles by O3 and OH oxidation via single particle mixing state analysis Z. Liang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164942
- Evaporation-Induced Transformations in Volatile Chemical Product-Derived Secondary Organic Aerosols: Browning Effects and Alterations in Oxidative Reactivity L. Zhou et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c02316
- Complexities of Photosensitization in Atmospheric Particles Z. Liang et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.4c00112
- NO2-promoted heterogeneous photochemical oxidation of SO2 to sulfates on brown carbon H. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126450
- Physicochemical characterization of submicron particles using advanced drone-based systems: real-time measurements and single-particle analysis via SERS in a case study from South Korea M. Kim et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179570
- Strong electric field force at the air/water interface drives fast sulfate production in the atmosphere Y. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chempr.2023.09.019
- Comprehensive Five-Year Assessment of PM2.5, Carbonaceous Species, and Water-Soluble Ions on the Northern Adriatic Coast: Acidity and Source Characterization V. Gluščić et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101244
- Sulfate Formation by Photosensitization in Mixed Incense Burning–Sodium Chloride Particles: Effects of RH, Light Intensity, and Aerosol Aging R. Tang et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c02225
27 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Investigation of Chemical Composition of Fine Particles in Istanbul With Ion Chromatography R. Flores Rangel https://doi.org/10.7240/jeps.1653993
- Insights into the seasonal characteristics of single particle aerosols in Chengdu based on SPAMS J. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2024.01.018
- Enhanced Sulfate Formation through Synergistic Effects of Chlorine Chemistry and Photosensitization in Atmospheric Particles R. Zhang & C. Chan https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.3c00030
- Significantly Accelerated Photosensitized Formation of Atmospheric Sulfate at the Air–Water Interface of Microdroplets W. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.3c11892
- Acidity of Atmospheric Waters Induces Enhanced H2O2 Production through Photosensitized Chemistry of Phenolic Substances Y. Xie et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.4c00318
- Measurements of Water-Soluble Ions in Particulate Matter 2.5 in Polish Rural Areas: Identifying Possible Sources D. Chyzhykov & B. Mathews https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-024-07265-4
- Unequal toxic effects of size-segregated single particles emitted from typical industrial plants, vehicles, and road dust Q. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.136419
- Quantitative relationships between physicochemical properties of organic carbon from coal combustion and heterogeneous photooxidation of SO2 to sulfates S. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.139132
- Aqueous-Phase Photoreactions of Mixed Aromatic Carbonyl Photosensitizers Yield More Oxygenated, Oxidized, and less Light-Absorbing Secondary Organic Aerosol (SOA) than Single Systems B. Go et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c10199
- Photoenhanced Uptake of SO2 and Organosulfate Formation at the Air–Aqueous Interface Q. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.5c00028
- Biomass-burning organic aerosols as a pool of atmospheric reactive triplets to drive multiphase sulfate formation Z. Liang et al. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2416803121
- Real-Time Detection of Urban Atmospheric Micro–Nanoplastics and Their Chemical Mixing State Using Bioaerosol Single-Particle Mass Spectrometry C. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c06513
- Machine learning based sieving of conducive factors of sulfate scattering from a pool of multiple variables of the atmospheric strata using MAWSIP J. Mogaraju https://doi.org/10.1007/s44288-025-00252-0
- Heterogeneous photochemical uptake of SO2 on typical brown carbon species: A significant sulfate source H. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2024.120425
- Aqueous photochemistry of brown carbon: H2O2 formation, enhanced SO2 oxidation, and the real role of excited triplets B. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121366
- Station-resolved Machine Learning and Variance-based Sensitivity Analysis of PM₁₀ Drivers in an Urban Environment A. Jibrin et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-026-09399-z
- Enhanced sulfate formation in mixed biomass burning and sea-salt interactions mediated by photosensitization: effects of chloride, nitrogen-containing compounds, and atmospheric aging R. Tang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-425-2025
- Significantly surfactant-enhanced photochemical conversion of SO2 to sulfates on photosensitive substances H. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2024.10.014
- Aqueous Photosensitization of Syringaldehyde: Reactivity, Effects of Environmental Factors, and Formation of Brown Carbon Products F. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.4c00004
- Secondary aerosol formation in incense burning particles by O3 and OH oxidation via single particle mixing state analysis Z. Liang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164942
- Evaporation-Induced Transformations in Volatile Chemical Product-Derived Secondary Organic Aerosols: Browning Effects and Alterations in Oxidative Reactivity L. Zhou et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c02316
- Complexities of Photosensitization in Atmospheric Particles Z. Liang et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.4c00112
- NO2-promoted heterogeneous photochemical oxidation of SO2 to sulfates on brown carbon H. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126450
- Physicochemical characterization of submicron particles using advanced drone-based systems: real-time measurements and single-particle analysis via SERS in a case study from South Korea M. Kim et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179570
- Strong electric field force at the air/water interface drives fast sulfate production in the atmosphere Y. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chempr.2023.09.019
- Comprehensive Five-Year Assessment of PM2.5, Carbonaceous Species, and Water-Soluble Ions on the Northern Adriatic Coast: Acidity and Source Characterization V. Gluščić et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101244
- Sulfate Formation by Photosensitization in Mixed Incense Burning–Sodium Chloride Particles: Effects of RH, Light Intensity, and Aerosol Aging R. Tang et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c02225
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 09 Jun 2026
Short summary
This study reveals the sulfate formation in photosensitized particles from biomass burning under UV and SO2, of which the relative atmospheric importance in sulfate production was qualitatively compared to nitrate photolysis. On the basis of single-particle aerosol mass spectrometry measurements, the number percentage of sulfate-containing particles and relative peak area of sulfate in single-particle spectra exhibited a descending order of 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde > vanillin > syringaldehyde.
This study reveals the sulfate formation in photosensitized particles from biomass burning under...
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