Articles | Volume 23, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-287-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-287-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
09 Jan 2023
Research article |
| 09 Jan 2023
| 09 Jan 2023
Long-term upper-troposphere climatology of potential contrail occurrence over the Paris area derived from radiosonde observations
Institut Pierre–Simon Laplace, Sorbonne Université/CNRS, Paris, France
Nicolas Bellouin
Institut Pierre–Simon Laplace, Sorbonne Université/CNRS, Paris, France
Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
Olivier Boucher
Institut Pierre–Simon Laplace, Sorbonne Université/CNRS, Paris, France
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Cited
18 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Distribution and morphology of non-persistent contrail and persistent contrail formation areas in ERA5 K. Wolf et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5009-2024
- Climatology of Cirrus Clouds over Observatory of Haute-Provence (France) Using Multivariate Analyses on Lidar Profiles F. Mandija et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15101261
- Kinematic properties of regions that can involve persistent contrails over the North Atlantic and Europe during April and May 2024 S. Hofer & K. Gierens https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-6843-2025
- Most long-lived contrails form within cirrus clouds with uncertain climate impact A. Petzold et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-65532-2
- FLARE-GMM: an automatic aerosol typing model based on Mie–Raman–fluorescence lidar measurements with LILAS R. Miri et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-5729-2025
- Technical note: Hybrid machine learning model for bias correction of UTLS relative humidity against IAGOS observations in ERA5 reanalysis M. Antonopoulos et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-4771-2026
- Forecasting contrail climate forcing for flight planning and air traffic management applications: the CocipGrid model in pycontrails 0.51.0 Z. Engberg et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-253-2025
- Nighttime Contrail Characterization from Multisource Lidar and Meteorological Observations F. Mandija et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18020210
- Detection of embedded contrails in airborne lidar measurements M. Soleimanpour et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-3291-2026
- An Appraisal of the Progress in Utilizing Radiosondes and Satellites for Monitoring Upper Air Temperature Profiles F. Mashao et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15030387
- Characterizing the Full Climate Impact of Individual Real-World Flights Using a Linear Temperature Response Model M. Awde & C. Stuart https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace12020121
- Variability of ice supersaturated regions at flight altitudes: evaluation of ERA5 reanalysis using IAGOS in situ measurements K. Hildebrandt et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-6449-2026
- Sustainable aviation in the context of the Paris Agreement: A review of prospective scenarios and their technological mitigation levers S. Delbecq et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paerosci.2023.100920
- Correction of ERA5 temperature and relative humidity biases by bivariate quantile mapping for contrail formation analysis K. Wolf et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-157-2025
- Combining Fleetwide AviTeam Aviation Emission Modeling with LCA Perspectives for an Alternative Fuel Impact Assessment J. Klenner et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c08592
- Investigating the limiting aircraft-design-dependent and environmental factors of persistent contrail formation L. Megill & V. Grewe https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4131-2025
- Emission location affects impacts on atmosphere and climate from alternative fuels for Norwegian domestic aviation J. Klenner et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeaoa.2024.100301
- Variability in the properties of the distribution of the relative humidity with respect to ice: implications for contrail formation S. Sanogo et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5495-2024
18 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Distribution and morphology of non-persistent contrail and persistent contrail formation areas in ERA5 K. Wolf et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5009-2024
- Climatology of Cirrus Clouds over Observatory of Haute-Provence (France) Using Multivariate Analyses on Lidar Profiles F. Mandija et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15101261
- Kinematic properties of regions that can involve persistent contrails over the North Atlantic and Europe during April and May 2024 S. Hofer & K. Gierens https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-6843-2025
- Most long-lived contrails form within cirrus clouds with uncertain climate impact A. Petzold et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-65532-2
- FLARE-GMM: an automatic aerosol typing model based on Mie–Raman–fluorescence lidar measurements with LILAS R. Miri et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-5729-2025
- Technical note: Hybrid machine learning model for bias correction of UTLS relative humidity against IAGOS observations in ERA5 reanalysis M. Antonopoulos et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-4771-2026
- Forecasting contrail climate forcing for flight planning and air traffic management applications: the CocipGrid model in pycontrails 0.51.0 Z. Engberg et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-253-2025
- Nighttime Contrail Characterization from Multisource Lidar and Meteorological Observations F. Mandija et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18020210
- Detection of embedded contrails in airborne lidar measurements M. Soleimanpour et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-3291-2026
- An Appraisal of the Progress in Utilizing Radiosondes and Satellites for Monitoring Upper Air Temperature Profiles F. Mashao et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15030387
- Characterizing the Full Climate Impact of Individual Real-World Flights Using a Linear Temperature Response Model M. Awde & C. Stuart https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace12020121
- Variability of ice supersaturated regions at flight altitudes: evaluation of ERA5 reanalysis using IAGOS in situ measurements K. Hildebrandt et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-6449-2026
- Sustainable aviation in the context of the Paris Agreement: A review of prospective scenarios and their technological mitigation levers S. Delbecq et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paerosci.2023.100920
- Correction of ERA5 temperature and relative humidity biases by bivariate quantile mapping for contrail formation analysis K. Wolf et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-157-2025
- Combining Fleetwide AviTeam Aviation Emission Modeling with LCA Perspectives for an Alternative Fuel Impact Assessment J. Klenner et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c08592
- Investigating the limiting aircraft-design-dependent and environmental factors of persistent contrail formation L. Megill & V. Grewe https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4131-2025
- Emission location affects impacts on atmosphere and climate from alternative fuels for Norwegian domestic aviation J. Klenner et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeaoa.2024.100301
- Variability in the properties of the distribution of the relative humidity with respect to ice: implications for contrail formation S. Sanogo et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5495-2024
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 15 Jun 2026
Short summary
Recent studies estimate the radiative impact of contrails to be similar to or larger than that of emitted CO2; thus, contrail mitigation might be an opportunity to reduce the climate effects of aviation. A radiosonde data set is analyzed in terms of the vertical distribution of potential contrails, contrail mitigation by flight altitude changes, and linkages with the tropopause and jet stream. The effect of prospective jet engine developments and alternative fuels are estimated.
Recent studies estimate the radiative impact of contrails to be similar to or larger than that...
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