Articles | Volume 23, issue 24
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15351-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15351-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
15 Dec 2023
Research article |
| 15 Dec 2023
| 15 Dec 2023
In situ measurements of perturbations to stratospheric aerosol and modeled ozone and radiative impacts following the 2021 La Soufrière eruption
School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
Corey Pedersen
School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
John Dykema
School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
Jean-Paul Vernier
NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia 23666, USA
National Institute of Aerospace, Hampton, Virginia 23666, USA
Sandro Vattioni
Institute of Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
Amit Kumar Pandit
National Institute of Aerospace, Hampton, Virginia 23666, USA
Andrea Stenke
Institute of Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
Elizabeth Asher
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
now at: Global Monitoring Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
Troy Thornberry
Chemical Sciences Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
Michael A. Todt
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
now at: Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), 00560 Helsinki, Finland
Thao Paul Bui
NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94043, USA
Jonathan Dean-Day
Bay Area Environmental Research Institute, Petaluma, California 94035, USA
Frank N. Keutsch
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
Viewed
Total article views: 4,467 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 25 Aug 2023)
| HTML | XML | Total | Supplement | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3,249 | 1,069 | 149 | 4,467 | 476 | 168 | 236 |
- HTML: 3,249
- PDF: 1,069
- XML: 149
- Total: 4,467
- Supplement: 476
- BibTeX: 168
- EndNote: 236
Total article views: 2,631 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 15 Dec 2023)
| HTML | XML | Total | Supplement | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2,153 | 386 | 92 | 2,631 | 170 | 109 | 156 |
- HTML: 2,153
- PDF: 386
- XML: 92
- Total: 2,631
- Supplement: 170
- BibTeX: 109
- EndNote: 156
Total article views: 1,836 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 25 Aug 2023)
| HTML | XML | Total | Supplement | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1,096 | 683 | 57 | 1,836 | 306 | 59 | 80 |
- HTML: 1,096
- PDF: 683
- XML: 57
- Total: 1,836
- Supplement: 306
- BibTeX: 59
- EndNote: 80
Viewed (geographical distribution)
Total article views: 4,467 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 4,372 with geography defined
and 95 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 2,631 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 2,570 with geography defined
and 61 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 1,836 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 1,802 with geography defined
and 34 with unknown origin.
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
Cited
10 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Detailed analysis of air pollution in the Canadian prairie region: A step toward net-zero emission A. Ghahremanlou & D. Ghahremanlou https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178492
- Lidar observations of optical properties of two upper troposphere and lower stratosphere aerosol plumes at Wuhan T. Fu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108347
- Chemical imaging of individual stratospheric particles sampled over North America S. Sharpe et al. https://doi.org/10.1039/D5EA00127G
- Cross-hemispheric transport of the Hunga aerosol plume: in situ evidence and radiative effects from the northern hemisphere C. Kloss et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-8981-2026
- Calculating balance of cumulative non-fossil methane emissions over consecutive or non-consecutive periods of livestock production Ž. Pečnik https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.148971
- World Climate Research Programme lighthouse activity: an assessment of major research gaps in solar radiation modification research J. Haywood et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2025.1507479
- Stratospheric aerosol perturbation by tropospheric biomass burning and deep convection X. Shen et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-025-01821-1
- Spatiotemporal variations of stratospheric aerosol size between 2002 and 2005 from measurements with SAGE III/M3M F. Wrana et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3717-2025
- An unrecognized mode of small particles in the lower stratosphere M. Lyu et al. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adw8939
- Enhanced radiative cooling by large aerosol particles from wildfire-driven thunderstorms Y. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adw6526
10 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Detailed analysis of air pollution in the Canadian prairie region: A step toward net-zero emission A. Ghahremanlou & D. Ghahremanlou https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178492
- Lidar observations of optical properties of two upper troposphere and lower stratosphere aerosol plumes at Wuhan T. Fu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108347
- Chemical imaging of individual stratospheric particles sampled over North America S. Sharpe et al. https://doi.org/10.1039/D5EA00127G
- Cross-hemispheric transport of the Hunga aerosol plume: in situ evidence and radiative effects from the northern hemisphere C. Kloss et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-8981-2026
- Calculating balance of cumulative non-fossil methane emissions over consecutive or non-consecutive periods of livestock production Ž. Pečnik https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.148971
- World Climate Research Programme lighthouse activity: an assessment of major research gaps in solar radiation modification research J. Haywood et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2025.1507479
- Stratospheric aerosol perturbation by tropospheric biomass burning and deep convection X. Shen et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-025-01821-1
- Spatiotemporal variations of stratospheric aerosol size between 2002 and 2005 from measurements with SAGE III/M3M F. Wrana et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3717-2025
- An unrecognized mode of small particles in the lower stratosphere M. Lyu et al. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adw8939
- Enhanced radiative cooling by large aerosol particles from wildfire-driven thunderstorms Y. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adw6526
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 30 Jul 2026
Short summary
In 2021, the eruption of La Soufrière released sulfur dioxide into the stratosphere, resulting in a spread of volcanic aerosol over the Northern Hemisphere. We conducted extensive aircraft and balloon-borne measurements after that, revealing enhanced particle concentration and altered size distribution due to the eruption. The eruption's impact on ozone depletion was minimal, contributing ~0.6 %, and its global radiative forcing effect was modest, mainly affecting tropical and midlatitude areas.
In 2021, the eruption of La Soufrière released sulfur dioxide into the stratosphere, resulting...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint