Articles | Volume 23, issue 22
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14359-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14359-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
20 Nov 2023
Research article |
| 20 Nov 2023
| 20 Nov 2023
Increased importance of aerosol–cloud interactions for surface PM2.5 pollution relative to aerosol–radiation interactions in China with the anthropogenic emission reductions
Da Gao
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing, 100084, China
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing, 100084, China
Shuxiao Wang
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing, 100084, China
Yuan Wang
Department of Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
Brian Gaudet
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA
Yun Zhu
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China
Xiaochun Wang
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing, 100084, China
Jiewen Shen
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing, 100084, China
Shengyue Li
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing, 100084, China
Yicong He
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing, 100084, China
Dejia Yin
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing, 100084, China
Zhaoxin Dong
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing, 100084, China
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Cited
16 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Dust pollution substantially weakens the impact of ammonia emission reduction on particulate nitrate formation H. Lang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-10587-2025
- Seasonal Dynamics and Source Fingerprinting of Urban PM2.5 Carbonaceous Aerosols in the North-Western Himalayas K. Sharma et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44408-026-00113-6
- Particle-ozone complex pollution under diverse synoptic weather patterns in the Yangtze River Delta region: Synergistic relationships and the effects of meteorology and chemical compositions Y. Zhan et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174365
- Impacts of reductions in anthropogenic emissions from 2015 to 2024 on PM2.5 and meteorological conditions over China D. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121658
- Impacts of atmospheric circulation patterns and cloud inhibition on aerosol radiative effect and boundary layer structure during winter air pollution in Sichuan Basin, China H. Lu et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8963-2024
- PM2.5 episodes in northern Taiwan under southerly winds in late winter M. Chuang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2024.107686
- A novel methodology for Explainable Artificial Intelligence integrated with geostatistics for air pollution control and environmental management M. Zareba & T. Danek https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2025.103450
- Different Carbon Neutrality Strategies Induce Substantially Divergent Health Benefits and Distributional Impacts in China D. Gao et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c12120
- Exploration of aerosol-precipitation relationships under different climate regimes in China Y. Xiao et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/15481603.2025.2457992
- Optimizing ammonia emissions for PM2.5 mitigation: environmental and health co-benefits in Eastern China K. Tang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-14747-2025
- From Detection to Solution: A Review of Machine Learning in PM2.5 Sensing and Sustainable Green Mitigation Approaches (2021–2025) A. Adhikari & C. Hussain https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13072207
- Spatio-temporal dynamics in elemental carbon-mass absorption efficiency of fine atmospheric particles over urban environment in the North-Western Himalayas K. Sharma et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11869-026-01924-7
- Changes and drivers of ozone suppression in warm seasons in China’s six major urban agglomerations over the past decade X. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11869-026-01888-8
- Impacts of future land use and land cover changes on air quality in China W. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-026-01420-w
- Online-Coupled Aerosol Effects on Cloud Microphysics and Surface Solar Irradiance in WRF-Solar S. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17162829
- Differentiated regional impacts of future meteorological changes and anthropogenic emission control on PM2.5 concentrations in China Y. Jiang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.horiz.2025.100151
16 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Dust pollution substantially weakens the impact of ammonia emission reduction on particulate nitrate formation H. Lang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-10587-2025
- Seasonal Dynamics and Source Fingerprinting of Urban PM2.5 Carbonaceous Aerosols in the North-Western Himalayas K. Sharma et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44408-026-00113-6
- Particle-ozone complex pollution under diverse synoptic weather patterns in the Yangtze River Delta region: Synergistic relationships and the effects of meteorology and chemical compositions Y. Zhan et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174365
- Impacts of reductions in anthropogenic emissions from 2015 to 2024 on PM2.5 and meteorological conditions over China D. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121658
- Impacts of atmospheric circulation patterns and cloud inhibition on aerosol radiative effect and boundary layer structure during winter air pollution in Sichuan Basin, China H. Lu et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8963-2024
- PM2.5 episodes in northern Taiwan under southerly winds in late winter M. Chuang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2024.107686
- A novel methodology for Explainable Artificial Intelligence integrated with geostatistics for air pollution control and environmental management M. Zareba & T. Danek https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2025.103450
- Different Carbon Neutrality Strategies Induce Substantially Divergent Health Benefits and Distributional Impacts in China D. Gao et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c12120
- Exploration of aerosol-precipitation relationships under different climate regimes in China Y. Xiao et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/15481603.2025.2457992
- Optimizing ammonia emissions for PM2.5 mitigation: environmental and health co-benefits in Eastern China K. Tang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-14747-2025
- From Detection to Solution: A Review of Machine Learning in PM2.5 Sensing and Sustainable Green Mitigation Approaches (2021–2025) A. Adhikari & C. Hussain https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13072207
- Spatio-temporal dynamics in elemental carbon-mass absorption efficiency of fine atmospheric particles over urban environment in the North-Western Himalayas K. Sharma et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11869-026-01924-7
- Changes and drivers of ozone suppression in warm seasons in China’s six major urban agglomerations over the past decade X. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11869-026-01888-8
- Impacts of future land use and land cover changes on air quality in China W. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-026-01420-w
- Online-Coupled Aerosol Effects on Cloud Microphysics and Surface Solar Irradiance in WRF-Solar S. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17162829
- Differentiated regional impacts of future meteorological changes and anthropogenic emission control on PM2.5 concentrations in China Y. Jiang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.horiz.2025.100151
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 13 Jun 2026
Short summary
Surface PM2.5 concentrations can be enhanced by aerosol–radiation interactions (ARIs) and aerosol–cloud interactions (ACIs). In this study, we found PM2.5 enhancement induced by ACIs shows a significantly smaller decrease ratio than that induced by ARIs in China with anthropogenic emission reduction from 2013 to 2021, making ACIs more important for enhancing PM2.5 concentrations. ACI-induced PM2.5 enhancement needs to be emphatically considered to meet the national PM2.5 air quality standard.
Surface PM2.5 concentrations can be enhanced by aerosol–radiation interactions (ARIs) and...
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