Articles | Volume 22, issue 12
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-8009-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-8009-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
21 Jun 2022
Research article |
| 21 Jun 2022
| 21 Jun 2022
Characteristics and evolution of brown carbon in western United States wildfires
Linghan Zeng
School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology,
Atlanta, GA, USA
Jack Dibb
College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of New
Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
Eric Scheuer
College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of New
Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
deceased, 2022
Joseph M. Katich
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences,
University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
Chemical Sciences Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration, Boulder, CO, USA
Joshua P. Schwarz
Chemical Sciences Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration, Boulder, CO, USA
Ilann Bourgeois
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences,
University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
Chemical Sciences Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration, Boulder, CO, USA
Jeff Peischl
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences,
University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
Chemical Sciences Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration, Boulder, CO, USA
Tom Ryerson
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences,
University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
Chemical Sciences Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration, Boulder, CO, USA
now at: Scientific Aviation, Boulder, CO, USA
Carsten Warneke
Chemical Sciences Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration, Boulder, CO, USA
Anne E. Perring
Department of Chemistry, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY, USA
Glenn S. Diskin
NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
Joshua P. DiGangi
NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
John B. Nowak
NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
Richard H. Moore
NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
Elizabeth B. Wiggins
NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
Demetrios Pagonis
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences,
University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO,
USA
now at: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Weber State
University, Ogden, UT, USA
Hongyu Guo
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences,
University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO,
USA
Pedro Campuzano-Jost
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences,
University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO,
USA
Jose L. Jimenez
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences,
University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO,
USA
Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of
Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
now at: Chemical Sciences Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration, Boulder, CO, USA and Cooperative Institute for Research in
Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology,
Atlanta, GA, USA
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Cited
33 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Measurements of brown carbon and its optical properties from boreal forest fires in Alaska summer K. Bali et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2024.120436
- Brown Carbon Emissions from Biomass Burning under Simulated Wildfire and Prescribed-Fire Conditions C. Glenn et al. 10.1021/acsestair.4c00089
- Global Health and Climate Effects of Organic Aerosols from Different Sources D. Jo et al. 10.1021/acs.est.3c02823
- New Analytical Paradigm to Determine Concentration of Brown Carbon and Its Sample-by-Sample Mass Absorption Efficiency K. Liao et al. 10.1021/acs.est.4c06831
- Beyond the Ångström Exponent: Probing Additional Information in Spectral Curvature and Variability of In Situ Aerosol Hyperspectral (0.3–0.7 μm) Optical Properties C. Jordan et al. 10.1029/2022JD037201
- Characterization of water-soluble brown carbon chromophores from wildfire plumes in the western USA using size-exclusion chromatography L. Azzarello et al. 10.5194/acp-23-15643-2023
- Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments and Air Quality (FIREX‐AQ) C. Warneke et al. 10.1029/2022JD037758
- Brown Carbon Aerosol Formation by Multiphase Catechol Photooxidation in the Presence of Soluble Iron D. De Haan et al. 10.1021/acsestair.4c00045
- Influence of relative humidity and aging on the optical properties of organic aerosols from burning African biomass fuels M. McRee et al. 10.1080/02786826.2024.2412652
- Agricultural fire impacts on brown carbon during different seasons in Northeast China Y. Cheng et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164390
- Particle and Gas-Phase Evaluation of Air Cleaners Under Indoor Wildfire Smoke Conditions B. Stinson et al. 10.1021/acsestair.3c00083
- A Review on Brown Carbon Aerosol in China: From Molecular Composition to Climate Impact X. Cao et al. 10.1007/s40726-024-00293-y
- Enhanced Light Absorption and Elevated Viscosity of Atmospheric Brown Carbon through Evaporation of Volatile Components D. Calderon-Arrieta et al. 10.1021/acs.est.3c10184
- Connecting the Light Absorption of Atmospheric Organic Aerosols with Oxidation State and Polarity X. Jiang et al. 10.1021/acs.est.2c02202
- Impact of peri-urban forest fires on air quality and aerosol optical and chemical properties: The case of the August 2021 wildfires in Athens, Greece D. Kaskaoutis et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168028
- Molecular analysis of secondary organic aerosol and brown carbon from the oxidation of indole F. Jiang et al. 10.5194/acp-24-2639-2024
- Brown Carbon from Photo-Oxidation of Glyoxal and SO2 in Aqueous Aerosol D. De Haan et al. 10.1021/acsearthspacechem.3c00035
- Modeling atmospheric brown carbon in the GISS ModelE Earth system model M. DeLessio et al. 10.5194/acp-24-6275-2024
- Examination of brown carbon absorption from wildfires in the western US during the WE-CAN study A. Sullivan et al. 10.5194/acp-22-13389-2022
- Measurement report: Diurnal variations of brown carbon during two distinct seasons in a megacity in northeast China Y. Cheng et al. 10.5194/acp-23-6241-2023
- Enhanced light absorption by ambient brown carbon aerosols in the eastern Himalayas B. Arun et al. 10.1039/D4EA00021H
- Occurrence, abundance, and formation of atmospheric tarballs from a wide range of wildfires in the western US K. Adachi et al. 10.5194/acp-24-10985-2024
- The complexation of atmospheric Brown carbon surrogates on the generation of hydroxyl radical from transition metals in simulated lung fluid Y. Lyu et al. 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108240
- Impact of wildfires on regional ozone and PM2.5: Considering the light absorption of Brown carbon M. Choi et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2023.120196
- Exploring the sources of light-absorbing carbonaceous aerosols by integrating observational and modeling results: insights from Northeast China Y. Cheng et al. 10.5194/acp-24-9869-2024
- Brown carbon absorption and radiative effects under intense residential wood burning conditions in Southeastern Europe: New insights into the abundance and absorptivity of methanol-soluble organic aerosols D. Paraskevopoulou et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160434
- Shortwave absorption by wildfire smoke dominated by dark brown carbon R. Chakrabarty et al. 10.1038/s41561-023-01237-9
- Seasonal variations in photooxidant formation and light absorption in aqueous extracts of ambient particles L. Ma et al. 10.5194/acp-24-1-2024
- Multiphase Guaiacol Photooxidation: Fenton Reactions, Brown Carbon, and Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation in Suspended Aerosol Particles D. De Haan et al. 10.1021/acsestair.3c00057
- Chromophores and chemical composition of brown carbon characterized at an urban kerbside by excitation–emission spectroscopy and mass spectrometry F. Jiang et al. 10.5194/acp-22-14971-2022
- Understanding the Evolution of Smoke Mass Extinction Efficiency Using Field Campaign Measurements P. Saide et al. 10.1029/2022GL099175
- Continuous Measurement and Molecular Compositions of Atmospheric Water‐Soluble Brown Carbon in the Nearshore Marine Boundary Layer of Northern China: Secondary Formation and Influencing Factors H. Li et al. 10.1029/2023JD038565
- Measurement report: Optical properties and sources of water-soluble brown carbon in Tianjin, North China – insights from organic molecular compositions J. Deng et al. 10.5194/acp-22-6449-2022
30 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Measurements of brown carbon and its optical properties from boreal forest fires in Alaska summer K. Bali et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2024.120436
- Brown Carbon Emissions from Biomass Burning under Simulated Wildfire and Prescribed-Fire Conditions C. Glenn et al. 10.1021/acsestair.4c00089
- Global Health and Climate Effects of Organic Aerosols from Different Sources D. Jo et al. 10.1021/acs.est.3c02823
- New Analytical Paradigm to Determine Concentration of Brown Carbon and Its Sample-by-Sample Mass Absorption Efficiency K. Liao et al. 10.1021/acs.est.4c06831
- Beyond the Ångström Exponent: Probing Additional Information in Spectral Curvature and Variability of In Situ Aerosol Hyperspectral (0.3–0.7 μm) Optical Properties C. Jordan et al. 10.1029/2022JD037201
- Characterization of water-soluble brown carbon chromophores from wildfire plumes in the western USA using size-exclusion chromatography L. Azzarello et al. 10.5194/acp-23-15643-2023
- Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments and Air Quality (FIREX‐AQ) C. Warneke et al. 10.1029/2022JD037758
- Brown Carbon Aerosol Formation by Multiphase Catechol Photooxidation in the Presence of Soluble Iron D. De Haan et al. 10.1021/acsestair.4c00045
- Influence of relative humidity and aging on the optical properties of organic aerosols from burning African biomass fuels M. McRee et al. 10.1080/02786826.2024.2412652
- Agricultural fire impacts on brown carbon during different seasons in Northeast China Y. Cheng et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164390
- Particle and Gas-Phase Evaluation of Air Cleaners Under Indoor Wildfire Smoke Conditions B. Stinson et al. 10.1021/acsestair.3c00083
- A Review on Brown Carbon Aerosol in China: From Molecular Composition to Climate Impact X. Cao et al. 10.1007/s40726-024-00293-y
- Enhanced Light Absorption and Elevated Viscosity of Atmospheric Brown Carbon through Evaporation of Volatile Components D. Calderon-Arrieta et al. 10.1021/acs.est.3c10184
- Connecting the Light Absorption of Atmospheric Organic Aerosols with Oxidation State and Polarity X. Jiang et al. 10.1021/acs.est.2c02202
- Impact of peri-urban forest fires on air quality and aerosol optical and chemical properties: The case of the August 2021 wildfires in Athens, Greece D. Kaskaoutis et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168028
- Molecular analysis of secondary organic aerosol and brown carbon from the oxidation of indole F. Jiang et al. 10.5194/acp-24-2639-2024
- Brown Carbon from Photo-Oxidation of Glyoxal and SO2 in Aqueous Aerosol D. De Haan et al. 10.1021/acsearthspacechem.3c00035
- Modeling atmospheric brown carbon in the GISS ModelE Earth system model M. DeLessio et al. 10.5194/acp-24-6275-2024
- Examination of brown carbon absorption from wildfires in the western US during the WE-CAN study A. Sullivan et al. 10.5194/acp-22-13389-2022
- Measurement report: Diurnal variations of brown carbon during two distinct seasons in a megacity in northeast China Y. Cheng et al. 10.5194/acp-23-6241-2023
- Enhanced light absorption by ambient brown carbon aerosols in the eastern Himalayas B. Arun et al. 10.1039/D4EA00021H
- Occurrence, abundance, and formation of atmospheric tarballs from a wide range of wildfires in the western US K. Adachi et al. 10.5194/acp-24-10985-2024
- The complexation of atmospheric Brown carbon surrogates on the generation of hydroxyl radical from transition metals in simulated lung fluid Y. Lyu et al. 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108240
- Impact of wildfires on regional ozone and PM2.5: Considering the light absorption of Brown carbon M. Choi et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2023.120196
- Exploring the sources of light-absorbing carbonaceous aerosols by integrating observational and modeling results: insights from Northeast China Y. Cheng et al. 10.5194/acp-24-9869-2024
- Brown carbon absorption and radiative effects under intense residential wood burning conditions in Southeastern Europe: New insights into the abundance and absorptivity of methanol-soluble organic aerosols D. Paraskevopoulou et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160434
- Shortwave absorption by wildfire smoke dominated by dark brown carbon R. Chakrabarty et al. 10.1038/s41561-023-01237-9
- Seasonal variations in photooxidant formation and light absorption in aqueous extracts of ambient particles L. Ma et al. 10.5194/acp-24-1-2024
- Multiphase Guaiacol Photooxidation: Fenton Reactions, Brown Carbon, and Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation in Suspended Aerosol Particles D. De Haan et al. 10.1021/acsestair.3c00057
- Chromophores and chemical composition of brown carbon characterized at an urban kerbside by excitation–emission spectroscopy and mass spectrometry F. Jiang et al. 10.5194/acp-22-14971-2022
3 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Understanding the Evolution of Smoke Mass Extinction Efficiency Using Field Campaign Measurements P. Saide et al. 10.1029/2022GL099175
- Continuous Measurement and Molecular Compositions of Atmospheric Water‐Soluble Brown Carbon in the Nearshore Marine Boundary Layer of Northern China: Secondary Formation and Influencing Factors H. Li et al. 10.1029/2023JD038565
- Measurement report: Optical properties and sources of water-soluble brown carbon in Tianjin, North China – insights from organic molecular compositions J. Deng et al. 10.5194/acp-22-6449-2022
Latest update: 04 Nov 2024
Short summary
Wildfires emit aerosol particles containing brown carbon material that affects visibility and global climate and is toxic. Brown carbon is poorly characterized due to measurement limitations, and its evolution in the atmosphere is not well known. We report on aircraft measurements of brown carbon from large wildfires in the western United States. We compare two methods for measuring brown carbon and study the evolution of brown carbon in the smoke as it moved away from the burning regions.
Wildfires emit aerosol particles containing brown carbon material that affects visibility and...
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