Articles | Volume 22, issue 11
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-7505-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-7505-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
10 Jun 2022
Research article |
| 10 Jun 2022
| 10 Jun 2022
Evidence of haze-driven secondary production of supermicrometer aerosol nitrate and sulfate in size distribution data in South Korea
Joseph S. Schlosser
Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of
Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
Connor Stahl
Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of
Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of
Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
Department of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences, University of
Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
Yen Thi-Hoang Le
Program in Environmental and Polymer Engineering, Inha University, 100
Inha-ro, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
Ki-Joon Jeon
Program in Environmental and Polymer Engineering, Inha University, 100
Inha-ro, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
Department of Environmental Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro,
Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
Particle Pollution Research and Management Center, Incheon 21999,
Republic of Korea
Peng Xian
Marine Meteorology Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Monterey, CA,
USA
Carolyn E. Jordan
NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
National Institute of Aerospace, Hampton, VA, USA
Katherine R. Travis
NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
James H. Crawford
NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
Sung Yong Gong
Climate, Air Quality and Safety Research Group/Division for
Atmospheric Environment, Korea Environment Institute, 370 Sicheong-daero,
Sejong 30147, Republic of Korea
Hye-Jung Shin
Air Quality Research Division, Climate and Air Quality Research
Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, 42 Hwangyoun-ro,
Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
In-Ho Song
Air Quality Research Division, Climate and Air Quality Research
Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, 42 Hwangyoun-ro,
Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
Jong-sang Youn
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Particle Pollution Research and Management Center, Incheon 21999,
Republic of Korea
Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, the Catholic
University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
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Cited
16 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Year-Round Analysis of Multiphase Sulfate Production in Aerosol Particles in East Asia K. Travis et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.5c00136
- Estimating the transboundary budget of sulfate aerosols in Northeast Asia with NASA MERRA aerosol reanalysis data D. Kwon et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2023.101981
- Long-Range Transport of Secondary Inorganic Aerosol from China to South Korea M. Choi et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.4c00852
- Limitations in representation of physical processes prevent successful simulation of PM2.5 during KORUS-AQ K. Travis et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-7933-2022
- Enhancement of PM2.5 source appointment in a large industrial city of Korea by applying the elemental carbon tracer method for positive matrix factorization (PMF) model Y. Han et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2023.101910
- Augmentation of PM1.0 measurements based on machine learning model and environmental factors H. Hwang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2024.06.029
- Anthropogenic Emissions in Coastal India Strongly Influence New Particle Formation and Cloud Condensation Nuclei Activity A. Singh et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.5c00180
- Development of a Prediction Model for Daily PM2.5 in Republic of Korea by Using an Artificial Neutral Network J. Huh et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13063575
- Particulate nitrate over the Northwest Atlantic: Insights gained by comparing airborne AMS and PILS measurements S. Namdari et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2026.121824
- Source apportionment and oxidative potential of PM1 and PM2.5 in Seoul, South Korea T. Kim et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2025.110010
- Variation of the concentrations of the particulate chemical components in Seoul response to the changes of major emission sources in the region: emphasis on ambient heavy metals M. Yeo et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10874-025-09473-6
- The impact of carbonaceous and inorganic aerosols on haze dynamics: Insights from size-resolved analysis Y. Le et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121590
- Component analysis and source identification of atmospheric aerosols at the neighborhood scale in a coastal industrial city in China W. Yao et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125612
- Legacy of atmospheric Pollution: Size-Resolved water-soluble ions in PM from a 2015–2016 industrial city in central China H. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2026.102942
- Mixed sources of water-soluble inorganic ions over the northeastern Tibetan Plateau: Anthropogenic aerosol transport versus salt lake emissions T. Pei et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108604
- Seasonal variation of water-soluble inorganic ions and carbonaceous components of PM2.5 and PM1 in industrial and residential areas of Suizhou, China M. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2024.102276
16 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Year-Round Analysis of Multiphase Sulfate Production in Aerosol Particles in East Asia K. Travis et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.5c00136
- Estimating the transboundary budget of sulfate aerosols in Northeast Asia with NASA MERRA aerosol reanalysis data D. Kwon et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2023.101981
- Long-Range Transport of Secondary Inorganic Aerosol from China to South Korea M. Choi et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.4c00852
- Limitations in representation of physical processes prevent successful simulation of PM2.5 during KORUS-AQ K. Travis et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-7933-2022
- Enhancement of PM2.5 source appointment in a large industrial city of Korea by applying the elemental carbon tracer method for positive matrix factorization (PMF) model Y. Han et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2023.101910
- Augmentation of PM1.0 measurements based on machine learning model and environmental factors H. Hwang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2024.06.029
- Anthropogenic Emissions in Coastal India Strongly Influence New Particle Formation and Cloud Condensation Nuclei Activity A. Singh et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.5c00180
- Development of a Prediction Model for Daily PM2.5 in Republic of Korea by Using an Artificial Neutral Network J. Huh et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13063575
- Particulate nitrate over the Northwest Atlantic: Insights gained by comparing airborne AMS and PILS measurements S. Namdari et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2026.121824
- Source apportionment and oxidative potential of PM1 and PM2.5 in Seoul, South Korea T. Kim et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2025.110010
- Variation of the concentrations of the particulate chemical components in Seoul response to the changes of major emission sources in the region: emphasis on ambient heavy metals M. Yeo et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10874-025-09473-6
- The impact of carbonaceous and inorganic aerosols on haze dynamics: Insights from size-resolved analysis Y. Le et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121590
- Component analysis and source identification of atmospheric aerosols at the neighborhood scale in a coastal industrial city in China W. Yao et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125612
- Legacy of atmospheric Pollution: Size-Resolved water-soluble ions in PM from a 2015–2016 industrial city in central China H. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2026.102942
- Mixed sources of water-soluble inorganic ions over the northeastern Tibetan Plateau: Anthropogenic aerosol transport versus salt lake emissions T. Pei et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108604
- Seasonal variation of water-soluble inorganic ions and carbonaceous components of PM2.5 and PM1 in industrial and residential areas of Suizhou, China M. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2024.102276
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 13 Jun 2026
Short summary
During a major haze pollution episode in March 2019, anthropogenic emissions were dominant in the boundary layer over Incheon and Seoul, South Korea. Using supermicrometer and submicrometer size- and chemistry-resolved aerosol particle measurements taken during this haze pollution period, this work shows that local emissions and a shallow boundary layer, enhanced humidity, and low temperature promoted local heterogeneous formation of secondary inorganic and organic aerosol species.
During a major haze pollution episode in March 2019, anthropogenic emissions were dominant in...
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