Articles | Volume 21, issue 10
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8313-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8313-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Opinion
| 
31 May 2021
Opinion |
| 31 May 2021
| 31 May 2021
Opinion: Gigacity – a source of problems or the new way to sustainable development
Markku Kulmala
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Joint International Research Laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences, School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Aerosol and Haze Laboratory, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
Tom V. Kokkonen
Joint International Research Laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences, School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Juha Pekkanen
Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, Helsinki 00014, Finland
Environmental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
Sami Paatero
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Tuukka Petäjä
Joint International Research Laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences, School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Aerosol and Haze Laboratory, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
Veli-Matti Kerminen
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Joint International Research Laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences, School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
Viewed
Total article views: 3,223 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 12 Jan 2021)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2,170 | 1,016 | 37 | 3,223 | 26 | 49 |
- HTML: 2,170
- PDF: 1,016
- XML: 37
- Total: 3,223
- BibTeX: 26
- EndNote: 49
Total article views: 2,347 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 31 May 2021)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1,793 | 527 | 27 | 2,347 | 23 | 41 |
- HTML: 1,793
- PDF: 527
- XML: 27
- Total: 2,347
- BibTeX: 23
- EndNote: 41
Total article views: 876 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 12 Jan 2021)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 377 | 489 | 10 | 876 | 3 | 8 |
- HTML: 377
- PDF: 489
- XML: 10
- Total: 876
- BibTeX: 3
- EndNote: 8
Viewed (geographical distribution)
Total article views: 3,223 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 3,240 with geography defined
and -17 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 2,347 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 2,307 with geography defined
and 40 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 876 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 933 with geography defined
and -57 with unknown origin.
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
Cited
15 citations as recorded by crossref.
- The effect of urban morphological characteristics on the spatial variation of PM2.5 air quality in downtown Nanjing T. Kokkonen et al. 10.1039/D1EA00035G
- An evaluation of new particle formation events in Helsinki during a Baltic Sea cyanobacterial summer bloom R. Thakur et al. 10.5194/acp-22-6365-2022
- Chemical and dynamical identification of emission outflows during the HALO campaign EMeRGe in Europe and Asia E. Förster et al. 10.5194/acp-23-1893-2023
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR): Showcases for making science diplomacy H. Lappalainen et al. 10.1017/S0032247421000760
- Earth observation: An integral part of a smart and sustainable city E. Gerasopoulos et al. 10.1016/j.envsci.2022.02.033
- Influences of the window size and reflectivity on surrounding thermal environment J. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.122536
- A CLUMondo Model-Based Multi-Scenario Land-Use Change Simulation in the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration, China Y. Zhao et al. 10.3390/su142215336
- Evaluating the impacts of three-dimensional building morphology on urban near-surface energy fluxes: A case study in Beijing, China Z. Li et al. 10.1016/j.enbuild.2022.112690
- Submicron aerosol pollution in Greater Cairo (Egypt): A new type of urban haze? A. Christodoulou et al. 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108610
- The variation in the particle number size distribution during the rainfall: wet scavenging and air mass changing G. Niu et al. 10.5194/acp-23-7521-2023
- Secondary organic aerosol formed by condensing anthropogenic vapours over China’s megacities W. Nie et al. 10.1038/s41561-022-00922-5
- Atmospheric and ecosystem big data providing key contributions in reaching United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals M. Kulmala et al. 10.1080/20964471.2021.1936943
- Evaluating the effect of building patterns on urban flooding based on a boosted regression tree: A case study of Beijing, China Z. Li et al. 10.1002/hyp.14932
- Effects of aerosols on the atmospheric boundary layer temperature inversion over the Sichuan Basin, China Y. Yang et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118647
- Maintaining key ecosystem services under multiple development scenarios: A case study in Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao greater bay Area, China D. Wen et al. 10.1016/j.ecolind.2023.110691
15 citations as recorded by crossref.
- The effect of urban morphological characteristics on the spatial variation of PM2.5 air quality in downtown Nanjing T. Kokkonen et al. 10.1039/D1EA00035G
- An evaluation of new particle formation events in Helsinki during a Baltic Sea cyanobacterial summer bloom R. Thakur et al. 10.5194/acp-22-6365-2022
- Chemical and dynamical identification of emission outflows during the HALO campaign EMeRGe in Europe and Asia E. Förster et al. 10.5194/acp-23-1893-2023
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR): Showcases for making science diplomacy H. Lappalainen et al. 10.1017/S0032247421000760
- Earth observation: An integral part of a smart and sustainable city E. Gerasopoulos et al. 10.1016/j.envsci.2022.02.033
- Influences of the window size and reflectivity on surrounding thermal environment J. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.122536
- A CLUMondo Model-Based Multi-Scenario Land-Use Change Simulation in the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration, China Y. Zhao et al. 10.3390/su142215336
- Evaluating the impacts of three-dimensional building morphology on urban near-surface energy fluxes: A case study in Beijing, China Z. Li et al. 10.1016/j.enbuild.2022.112690
- Submicron aerosol pollution in Greater Cairo (Egypt): A new type of urban haze? A. Christodoulou et al. 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108610
- The variation in the particle number size distribution during the rainfall: wet scavenging and air mass changing G. Niu et al. 10.5194/acp-23-7521-2023
- Secondary organic aerosol formed by condensing anthropogenic vapours over China’s megacities W. Nie et al. 10.1038/s41561-022-00922-5
- Atmospheric and ecosystem big data providing key contributions in reaching United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals M. Kulmala et al. 10.1080/20964471.2021.1936943
- Evaluating the effect of building patterns on urban flooding based on a boosted regression tree: A case study of Beijing, China Z. Li et al. 10.1002/hyp.14932
- Effects of aerosols on the atmospheric boundary layer temperature inversion over the Sichuan Basin, China Y. Yang et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118647
- Maintaining key ecosystem services under multiple development scenarios: A case study in Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao greater bay Area, China D. Wen et al. 10.1016/j.ecolind.2023.110691
Latest update: 18 Apr 2024
Short summary
The eastern part of China as a whole is practically a gigacity with 650 million inhabitants. The gigacity, with its emissions, processes in the pollution cocktail and numerous feedbacks and interactions, has a crucial and big impact on regional air quality and on global climate. A large-scale research and innovation program is needed to meet the interlinked grand challenges in this gigacity and to serve as a platform for finding pathways for sustainable development of the globe.
The eastern part of China as a whole is practically a gigacity with 650 million inhabitants. The...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint