Articles | Volume 21, issue 22
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-17185-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-17185-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
25 Nov 2021
Research article |
| 25 Nov 2021
| 25 Nov 2021
Seasonality of the particle number concentration and size distribution: a global analysis retrieved from the network of Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) near-surface observatories
Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique (LaMP), 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
Martine Collaud Coen
Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology, MeteoSwiss, Payerne, Switzerland
Elisabeth Andrews
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
Dept. Atmospheric and Climate Research, NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller, Norway
Isaline Bossert
Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique (LaMP), 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
Physics department, Université Bourgogne Franche Comté, Besançon, France
Cathrine Lund Myhre
Dept. Atmospheric and Climate Research, NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller, Norway
Thomas Tuch
Experimental Aerosol and Cloud Microphysics, Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research, Leipzig, Germany
Alfred Wiedensohler
Experimental Aerosol and Cloud Microphysics, Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research, Leipzig, Germany
Markus Fiebig
Dept. Atmospheric and Climate Research, NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller, Norway
Pasi Aalto
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Andrés Alastuey
Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
Elisabeth Alonso-Blanco
Center for Energy, Environmental and Technological Research (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain
Marcos Andrade
Laboratorio de Fisica de la Atmosfera, Universidad Mayor de San Andres, La Paz, Bolivia
Begoña Artíñano
Center for Energy, Environmental and Technological Research (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain
Todor Arsov
Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
Urs Baltensperger
Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
Susanne Bastian
Saxon State Office for Environment, Agriculture and Geology (LfULG), Dresden, Germany
Olaf Bath
German Environment Agency (UBA), Zugspitze, Germany
Johan Paul Beukes
Atmospheric Chemistry Research Group, Chemical Resource Beneficiation, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
Benjamin T. Brem
Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
Nicolas Bukowiecki
Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
now at: Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Juan Andrés Casquero-Vera
Department of Applied Physics, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
Andalusian Institute for Earth System Research (IISTA-CEAMA), University of Granada, Autonomous Government of Andalusia, Granada, Spain
Sébastien Conil
ANDRA DRD/GES Observatoire Pérenne de l'Environnement, 55290 Bure, France
Konstantinos Eleftheriadis
ERL, Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Science & Technology, Energy & Safety N.C.S.R. “Demokritos”, Attiki, Greece
Olivier Favez
Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
Harald Flentje
Meteorological Observatory Hohenpeissenberg, Hohenpeißenberg, German Weather Service, Germany
Maria I. Gini
ERL, Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Science & Technology, Energy & Safety N.C.S.R. “Demokritos”, Attiki, Greece
Francisco Javier Gómez-Moreno
Center for Energy, Environmental and Technological Research (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain
Martin Gysel-Beer
Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
Anna Gannet Hallar
Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
Ivo Kalapov
Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
Nikos Kalivitis
Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory (ECPL), University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, 71003, Greece
Anne Kasper-Giebl
Institute of Chemical Technlogies and Analytics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
Melita Keywood
CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, PMB1 Aspendale, VIC, Australia
Jeong Eun Kim
Global Atmosphere Watch Team, Innovative Meteorological Research Department, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Seogwipo-si, Jeju-do, Korea
Sang-Woo Kim
School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
Adam Kristensson
Division of Nuclear Physics, Department of Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
Markku Kulmala
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Heikki Lihavainen
Atmospheric composition research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
Svalbard Integrated Arctic Earth Observing System, Longyearbyen, Svalbard, Norway
Neng-Huei Lin
Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
Center for Environmental Monitoring Technology, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
Hassan Lyamani
Department of Applied Physics, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
Andalusian Institute for Earth System Research (IISTA-CEAMA), University of Granada, Autonomous Government of Andalusia, Granada, Spain
Angela Marinoni
Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council of Italy, Bologna, Italy
Sebastiao Martins Dos Santos
Joint Research Centre (JRC), European Commission, Ispra, Italy
Olga L. Mayol-Bracero
Department of Environmental Science, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
Frank Meinhardt
German Environment Agency (UBA), Zugspitze, Germany
Maik Merkel
Experimental Aerosol and Cloud Microphysics, Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research, Leipzig, Germany
Jean-Marc Metzger
Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de La Réunion (OSUR), UMS3365, Saint-Denis de la Réunion, France
Nikolaos Mihalopoulos
Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory (ECPL), University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, 71003, Greece
Institute of Environmental Research & Sustainable Development, National Observatory of Athens, Palea Penteli, 15236, Greece
Jakub Ondracek
Department of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals, CAS, Prague, Czech Republic
Marco Pandolfi
Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
Noemi Pérez
Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
Tuukka Petäjä
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Jean-Eudes Petit
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, UMR 8212 CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
David Picard
Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique (LaMP), 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
Jean-Marc Pichon
Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique (LaMP), 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
Veronique Pont
Laboratoire d'Aérologie, CNRS-Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
Jean-Philippe Putaud
Joint Research Centre (JRC), European Commission, Ispra, Italy
Fabienne Reisen
CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, PMB1 Aspendale, VIC, Australia
Karine Sellegri
Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique (LaMP), 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
Sangeeta Sharma
Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada
Gerhard Schauer
Sonnblick Observatory, ZAMG, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
Patrick Sheridan
NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
James Patrick Sherman
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, USA
Andreas Schwerin
German Environment Agency (UBA), Zugspitze, Germany
Ralf Sohmer
German Environment Agency (UBA), Zugspitze, Germany
Mar Sorribas
Atmospheric Sounding Station, El Arenosillo, Atmospheric Research and Instrumentation Branch, INTA, 21130, Mazagón, Huelva, Spain
Junying Sun
State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather & Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
Pierre Tulet
Laboratoire de l'Atmosphère et des Cyclones (LACy), UMR8105, Université de la Réunion – CNRS – Météo-France, Saint-Denis de La Réunion, France
Ville Vakkari
Atmospheric Chemistry Research Group, Chemical Resource Beneficiation, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
Atmospheric composition research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
Pieter Gideon van Zyl
Atmospheric Chemistry Research Group, Chemical Resource Beneficiation, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
Fernando Velarde
Laboratorio de Fisica de la Atmosfera, Universidad Mayor de San Andres, La Paz, Bolivia
Paolo Villani
4S Company, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
Stergios Vratolis
ERL, Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Science & Technology, Energy & Safety N.C.S.R. “Demokritos”, Attiki, Greece
Zdenek Wagner
Department of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals, CAS, Prague, Czech Republic
Sheng-Hsiang Wang
Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
Kay Weinhold
Experimental Aerosol and Cloud Microphysics, Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research, Leipzig, Germany
Rolf Weller
Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
Margarita Yela
Atmospheric Sounding Station, El Arenosillo, Atmospheric Research and Instrumentation Branch, INTA, 21130, Mazagón, Huelva, Spain
Vladimir Zdimal
Department of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals, CAS, Prague, Czech Republic
Paolo Laj
Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, IRD, Grenoble-INP, IGE, 38000 Grenoble, France
Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council of Italy, Bologna, Italy
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Viewed
Total article views: 5,050 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 07 Jan 2021)
| HTML | XML | Total | Supplement | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3,509 | 1,468 | 73 | 5,050 | 311 | 74 | 85 |
- HTML: 3,509
- PDF: 1,468
- XML: 73
- Total: 5,050
- Supplement: 311
- BibTeX: 74
- EndNote: 85
Total article views: 3,487 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 25 Nov 2021)
| HTML | XML | Total | Supplement | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2,624 | 813 | 50 | 3,487 | 154 | 59 | 70 |
- HTML: 2,624
- PDF: 813
- XML: 50
- Total: 3,487
- Supplement: 154
- BibTeX: 59
- EndNote: 70
Total article views: 1,563 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 07 Jan 2021)
| HTML | XML | Total | Supplement | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 885 | 655 | 23 | 1,563 | 157 | 15 | 15 |
- HTML: 885
- PDF: 655
- XML: 23
- Total: 1,563
- Supplement: 157
- BibTeX: 15
- EndNote: 15
Viewed (geographical distribution)
Total article views: 5,050 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 5,138 with geography defined
and -88 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 3,487 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 3,539 with geography defined
and -52 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 1,563 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 1,599 with geography defined
and -36 with unknown origin.
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
Cited
33 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Numerical simulation and evaluation of global ultrafine particle concentrations at the Earth's surface M. Kohl et al. 10.5194/acp-23-13191-2023
- Impact of urban aerosols on the cloud condensation activity using a clustering model F. Rejano et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159657
- Measurements of aerosol particle concentrations in the atmosphere of the south-eastern coast of Lake Baikal (at Boyarsky station) in the summer of 2020 V. Tcydypov et al. 10.1088/1755-1315/1023/1/012005
- High-altitude aerosol chemical characterization and source identification: insights from the CALISHTO campaign O. Zografou et al. 10.5194/acp-24-8911-2024
- Quantifying traffic, biomass burning and secondary source contributions to atmospheric particle number concentrations at urban and suburban sites J. Casquero-Vera et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145282
- The ocean fine spray A. Gañán-Calvo 10.1063/5.0139151
- Reducing Aerosol Forcing Uncertainty by Combining Models With Satellite and Within‐The‐Atmosphere Observations: A Three‐Way Street R. Kahn et al. 10.1029/2022RG000796
- On the influence of VOCs on new particle growth in a Continental-Mediterranean region F. Gómez-Moreno et al. 10.1088/2515-7620/acacf0
- Airborne particle number concentrations in China: A critical review Y. Zhu et al. 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119470
- Pressure-dependent performance of two CEN-specified condensation particle counters P. Bauer et al. 10.5194/amt-16-4445-2023
- Wintertime spatial patterns of particulate matter in Fairbanks, AK during ALPACA 2022 E. Robinson et al. 10.1039/D2EA00140C
- Quiet New Particle Formation in the Atmosphere M. Kulmala et al. 10.3389/fenvs.2022.912385
- Evaluation of the Sources, Precursors, and Processing of Aerosols at a High-Altitude Tropical Site P. Dominutti et al. 10.1021/acsearthspacechem.2c00149
- How aerosol size matters in aerosol optical depth (AOD) assimilation and the optimization using the Ångström exponent J. Jin et al. 10.5194/acp-23-1641-2023
- A new working fluid for condensation particle counters for use in sensitive working environments P. Weber et al. 10.5194/ar-1-1-2023
- Drivers controlling black carbon temporal variability in the lower troposphere of the European Arctic S. Gilardoni et al. 10.5194/acp-23-15589-2023
- Source-oriented risk and lung-deposited surface area (LDSA) of ultrafine particles in a Southeast Asia urban area T. Chen et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161733
- Historically understanding the spatial distributions of particle surface area concentrations over China estimated using a non-parametric machine learning method Y. Qiu et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153849
- Annual cycle of hygroscopic properties and mixing state of the suburban aerosol in Athens, Greece C. Spitieri et al. 10.5194/acp-23-235-2023
- Geographical variability of ultrafine particle concentrations in urban and background regions in India V. Mohan et al. 10.1016/j.uclim.2024.102066
- Impact of Fossil Fuel Combustion Emissions and Wildfires on Air Quality of Urban Environment in a Western Siberian Industrial City D. Khoziainova et al. 10.1134/S0001433824700506
- Historically Understanding the Spatial Distributions of Particle Surface Area Concentrations Over China Estimated Using a Non-Parametric Machine Learning Method Y. Qiu et al. 10.2139/ssrn.3994600
- Measurement report: Atmospheric new particle formation at a peri-urban site in Lille, northern France S. Crumeyrolle et al. 10.5194/acp-23-183-2023
- Aerosol particle number concentration, ultrafine particle number fraction, and new particle formation measurements near the international airports in Berlin, Germany – First results from the BEAR study S. Kecorius et al. 10.1016/j.envint.2024.109086
- Comparison of particle number size distribution trends in ground measurements and climate models V. Leinonen et al. 10.5194/acp-22-12873-2022
- Extending traceability in airborne particle size distribution measurements beyond 10 µm: Counting efficiency and unit-to-unit variability of four aerodynamic particle size spectrometers K. Vasilatou et al. 10.1080/02786826.2022.2139659
- Ambient ultrafine particle (PM0.1): Sources, characteristics, measurements and exposure implications on human health S. Abdillah & Y. Wang 10.1016/j.envres.2022.115061
- A bipolar SMPS network for measuring atmospheric aerosols using natural air ions Y. Li et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2024.120462
- Microplastics and nanoplastics in the marine-atmosphere environment D. Allen et al. 10.1038/s43017-022-00292-x
- New Particle Formation Occurrence in the Urban Atmosphere of Beijing During 2013–2020 D. Shang et al. 10.1029/2022JD038334
- Source apportionment of particle number size distribution at the street canyon and urban background sites S. Harni et al. 10.5194/acp-24-12143-2024
- Opinion: A paradigm shift in investigating the general characteristics of atmospheric new particle formation using field observations M. Kulmala et al. 10.5194/ar-2-49-2024
- Seasonality of the particle number concentration and size distribution: a global analysis retrieved from the network of Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) near-surface observatories C. Rose et al. 10.5194/acp-21-17185-2021
32 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Numerical simulation and evaluation of global ultrafine particle concentrations at the Earth's surface M. Kohl et al. 10.5194/acp-23-13191-2023
- Impact of urban aerosols on the cloud condensation activity using a clustering model F. Rejano et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159657
- Measurements of aerosol particle concentrations in the atmosphere of the south-eastern coast of Lake Baikal (at Boyarsky station) in the summer of 2020 V. Tcydypov et al. 10.1088/1755-1315/1023/1/012005
- High-altitude aerosol chemical characterization and source identification: insights from the CALISHTO campaign O. Zografou et al. 10.5194/acp-24-8911-2024
- Quantifying traffic, biomass burning and secondary source contributions to atmospheric particle number concentrations at urban and suburban sites J. Casquero-Vera et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145282
- The ocean fine spray A. Gañán-Calvo 10.1063/5.0139151
- Reducing Aerosol Forcing Uncertainty by Combining Models With Satellite and Within‐The‐Atmosphere Observations: A Three‐Way Street R. Kahn et al. 10.1029/2022RG000796
- On the influence of VOCs on new particle growth in a Continental-Mediterranean region F. Gómez-Moreno et al. 10.1088/2515-7620/acacf0
- Airborne particle number concentrations in China: A critical review Y. Zhu et al. 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119470
- Pressure-dependent performance of two CEN-specified condensation particle counters P. Bauer et al. 10.5194/amt-16-4445-2023
- Wintertime spatial patterns of particulate matter in Fairbanks, AK during ALPACA 2022 E. Robinson et al. 10.1039/D2EA00140C
- Quiet New Particle Formation in the Atmosphere M. Kulmala et al. 10.3389/fenvs.2022.912385
- Evaluation of the Sources, Precursors, and Processing of Aerosols at a High-Altitude Tropical Site P. Dominutti et al. 10.1021/acsearthspacechem.2c00149
- How aerosol size matters in aerosol optical depth (AOD) assimilation and the optimization using the Ångström exponent J. Jin et al. 10.5194/acp-23-1641-2023
- A new working fluid for condensation particle counters for use in sensitive working environments P. Weber et al. 10.5194/ar-1-1-2023
- Drivers controlling black carbon temporal variability in the lower troposphere of the European Arctic S. Gilardoni et al. 10.5194/acp-23-15589-2023
- Source-oriented risk and lung-deposited surface area (LDSA) of ultrafine particles in a Southeast Asia urban area T. Chen et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161733
- Historically understanding the spatial distributions of particle surface area concentrations over China estimated using a non-parametric machine learning method Y. Qiu et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153849
- Annual cycle of hygroscopic properties and mixing state of the suburban aerosol in Athens, Greece C. Spitieri et al. 10.5194/acp-23-235-2023
- Geographical variability of ultrafine particle concentrations in urban and background regions in India V. Mohan et al. 10.1016/j.uclim.2024.102066
- Impact of Fossil Fuel Combustion Emissions and Wildfires on Air Quality of Urban Environment in a Western Siberian Industrial City D. Khoziainova et al. 10.1134/S0001433824700506
- Historically Understanding the Spatial Distributions of Particle Surface Area Concentrations Over China Estimated Using a Non-Parametric Machine Learning Method Y. Qiu et al. 10.2139/ssrn.3994600
- Measurement report: Atmospheric new particle formation at a peri-urban site in Lille, northern France S. Crumeyrolle et al. 10.5194/acp-23-183-2023
- Aerosol particle number concentration, ultrafine particle number fraction, and new particle formation measurements near the international airports in Berlin, Germany – First results from the BEAR study S. Kecorius et al. 10.1016/j.envint.2024.109086
- Comparison of particle number size distribution trends in ground measurements and climate models V. Leinonen et al. 10.5194/acp-22-12873-2022
- Extending traceability in airborne particle size distribution measurements beyond 10 µm: Counting efficiency and unit-to-unit variability of four aerodynamic particle size spectrometers K. Vasilatou et al. 10.1080/02786826.2022.2139659
- Ambient ultrafine particle (PM0.1): Sources, characteristics, measurements and exposure implications on human health S. Abdillah & Y. Wang 10.1016/j.envres.2022.115061
- A bipolar SMPS network for measuring atmospheric aerosols using natural air ions Y. Li et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2024.120462
- Microplastics and nanoplastics in the marine-atmosphere environment D. Allen et al. 10.1038/s43017-022-00292-x
- New Particle Formation Occurrence in the Urban Atmosphere of Beijing During 2013–2020 D. Shang et al. 10.1029/2022JD038334
- Source apportionment of particle number size distribution at the street canyon and urban background sites S. Harni et al. 10.5194/acp-24-12143-2024
- Opinion: A paradigm shift in investigating the general characteristics of atmospheric new particle formation using field observations M. Kulmala et al. 10.5194/ar-2-49-2024
Latest update: 13 Dec 2024
Short summary
Aerosol particles are a complex component of the atmospheric system the effects of which are among the most uncertain in climate change projections. Using data collected at 62 stations, this study provides the most up-to-date picture of the spatial distribution of particle number concentration and size distribution worldwide, with the aim of contributing to better representation of aerosols and their interactions with clouds in models and, therefore, better evaluation of their impact on climate.
Aerosol particles are a complex component of the atmospheric system the effects of which are...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint