Articles | Volume 21, issue 16
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12739-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12739-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
27 Aug 2021
Research article |
| 27 Aug 2021
| 27 Aug 2021
Evidence of a recent decline in UK emissions of hydrofluorocarbons determined by the InTEM inverse model and atmospheric measurements
Alistair J. Manning
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Met Office Hadley Centre, Exeter EX1 3PB, UK
Alison L. Redington
Met Office Hadley Centre, Exeter EX1 3PB, UK
Daniel Say
School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
Simon O'Doherty
School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
Dickon Young
School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
Peter G. Simmonds
School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
Martin K. Vollmer
Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
Jens Mühle
Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA
Jgor Arduini
Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino, Urbino, Italy
Gerard Spain
School of Physics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
Adam Wisher
School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
Michela Maione
Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino, Urbino, Italy
Tanja J. Schuck
Institute for Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
Kieran Stanley
Institute for Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
Stefan Reimann
Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
Andreas Engel
Institute for Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
Paul B. Krummel
Climate Science Centre, CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Aspendale, Australia
Paul J. Fraser
Climate Science Centre, CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Aspendale, Australia
Christina M. Harth
Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA
Peter K. Salameh
Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA
Ray F. Weiss
Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA
Ray Gluckman
Gluckman Consulting, Cobham, UK
Peter N. Brown
Ricardo Energy & Environment, Gemini Building, Fermi Ave, Harwell, UK
John D. Watterson
Ricardo Energy & Environment, Gemini Building, Fermi Ave, Harwell, UK
Tim Arnold
National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, UK
School of GeoSciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Cited
23 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Atmospheric Observation of Fluorinated Greenhouse Gases around Four Chemical Plants in China T. Ma et al. 10.3390/atmos14050817
- Review of Gas-Chromatographic Measurement Methodologies for Atmospheric Halogenated Greenhouse Gases N. Han & J. Lim 10.1080/10408347.2024.2302576
- Catalytic decomposition of HFC-134a over metal oxide and phosphate catalysts to VDF: Reaction pathways of CH4 addition J. Seo et al. 10.1016/j.jiec.2024.06.012
- A comprehensive evaluation of the use of Lagrangian particle dispersion models for inverse modeling of greenhouse gas emissions M. Vojta et al. 10.5194/gmd-15-8295-2022
- A Sensitivity Study of a Bayesian Inversion Model Used to Estimate Emissions of Synthetic Greenhouse Gases at the European Scale S. Annadate et al. 10.3390/atmos15010051
- Emissions of HFC-134a in China and Reconciliation of Discrepancies between Observation-Based and Inventory-Based Emission Estimates M. Ma et al. 10.1021/acs.est.5c02636
- First validation of high-resolution satellite-derived methane emissions from an active gas leak in the UK E. Dowd et al. 10.5194/amt-17-1599-2024
- Continuous CH4 and δ13CH4 measurements in London demonstrate under-reported natural gas leakage E. Saboya et al. 10.5194/acp-22-3595-2022
- Projections of hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) emissions and the resulting global warming based on recent trends in observed abundances and current policies G. Velders et al. 10.5194/acp-22-6087-2022
- Atmospheric observations consistent with reported decline in the UK's methane emissions (2013–2020) M. Lunt et al. 10.5194/acp-21-16257-2021
- Radiocarbon Measurements Reveal Underestimated Fossil CH4 and CO2 Emissions in London G. Zazzeri et al. 10.1029/2023GL103834
- Repurposing of F-gases: challenges and opportunities in fluorine chemistry D. Sheldon & M. Crimmin 10.1039/D1CS01072G
- Revealing the significant acceleration of hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) emissions in eastern Asia through long-term atmospheric observations H. Choi et al. 10.5194/acp-24-7309-2024
- Declining, seasonal-varying emissions of sulfur hexafluoride from the United States L. Hu et al. 10.5194/acp-23-1437-2023
- Defluorination of HFCs by a magnesium reagent D. Sheldon et al. 10.1039/D4DT00636D
- Bayesian inversion of HFC-134a emissions in southern China from a new AGAGE site: Results from an observing system simulation experiment J. Li et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2024.120715
- Partitioning anthropogenic and natural methane emissions in Finland during 2000–2021 by combining bottom-up and top-down estimates M. Tenkanen et al. 10.5194/acp-25-2181-2025
- Monitoring the impact of EU F-gas regulation on HFC-134a emissions through a comparison of top-down and bottom-up estimates S. Annadate et al. 10.1186/s12302-025-01081-1
- Western European emission estimates of CFC-11, CFC-12 and CCl4 derived from atmospheric measurements from 2008 to 2021 A. Redington et al. 10.5194/acp-23-7383-2023
- Impact of transport model resolution and a priori assumptions on inverse modeling of Swiss F-gas emissions I. Katharopoulos et al. 10.5194/acp-23-14159-2023
- Direct high-precision radon quantification for interpreting high-frequency greenhouse gas measurements D. Kikaj et al. 10.5194/amt-18-151-2025
- A renewed rise in global HCFC-141b emissions between 2017–2021 L. Western et al. 10.5194/acp-22-9601-2022
- Swiss halocarbon emissions for 2019 to 2020 assessed from regional atmospheric observations D. Rust et al. 10.5194/acp-22-2447-2022
23 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Atmospheric Observation of Fluorinated Greenhouse Gases around Four Chemical Plants in China T. Ma et al. 10.3390/atmos14050817
- Review of Gas-Chromatographic Measurement Methodologies for Atmospheric Halogenated Greenhouse Gases N. Han & J. Lim 10.1080/10408347.2024.2302576
- Catalytic decomposition of HFC-134a over metal oxide and phosphate catalysts to VDF: Reaction pathways of CH4 addition J. Seo et al. 10.1016/j.jiec.2024.06.012
- A comprehensive evaluation of the use of Lagrangian particle dispersion models for inverse modeling of greenhouse gas emissions M. Vojta et al. 10.5194/gmd-15-8295-2022
- A Sensitivity Study of a Bayesian Inversion Model Used to Estimate Emissions of Synthetic Greenhouse Gases at the European Scale S. Annadate et al. 10.3390/atmos15010051
- Emissions of HFC-134a in China and Reconciliation of Discrepancies between Observation-Based and Inventory-Based Emission Estimates M. Ma et al. 10.1021/acs.est.5c02636
- First validation of high-resolution satellite-derived methane emissions from an active gas leak in the UK E. Dowd et al. 10.5194/amt-17-1599-2024
- Continuous CH4 and δ13CH4 measurements in London demonstrate under-reported natural gas leakage E. Saboya et al. 10.5194/acp-22-3595-2022
- Projections of hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) emissions and the resulting global warming based on recent trends in observed abundances and current policies G. Velders et al. 10.5194/acp-22-6087-2022
- Atmospheric observations consistent with reported decline in the UK's methane emissions (2013–2020) M. Lunt et al. 10.5194/acp-21-16257-2021
- Radiocarbon Measurements Reveal Underestimated Fossil CH4 and CO2 Emissions in London G. Zazzeri et al. 10.1029/2023GL103834
- Repurposing of F-gases: challenges and opportunities in fluorine chemistry D. Sheldon & M. Crimmin 10.1039/D1CS01072G
- Revealing the significant acceleration of hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) emissions in eastern Asia through long-term atmospheric observations H. Choi et al. 10.5194/acp-24-7309-2024
- Declining, seasonal-varying emissions of sulfur hexafluoride from the United States L. Hu et al. 10.5194/acp-23-1437-2023
- Defluorination of HFCs by a magnesium reagent D. Sheldon et al. 10.1039/D4DT00636D
- Bayesian inversion of HFC-134a emissions in southern China from a new AGAGE site: Results from an observing system simulation experiment J. Li et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2024.120715
- Partitioning anthropogenic and natural methane emissions in Finland during 2000–2021 by combining bottom-up and top-down estimates M. Tenkanen et al. 10.5194/acp-25-2181-2025
- Monitoring the impact of EU F-gas regulation on HFC-134a emissions through a comparison of top-down and bottom-up estimates S. Annadate et al. 10.1186/s12302-025-01081-1
- Western European emission estimates of CFC-11, CFC-12 and CCl4 derived from atmospheric measurements from 2008 to 2021 A. Redington et al. 10.5194/acp-23-7383-2023
- Impact of transport model resolution and a priori assumptions on inverse modeling of Swiss F-gas emissions I. Katharopoulos et al. 10.5194/acp-23-14159-2023
- Direct high-precision radon quantification for interpreting high-frequency greenhouse gas measurements D. Kikaj et al. 10.5194/amt-18-151-2025
- A renewed rise in global HCFC-141b emissions between 2017–2021 L. Western et al. 10.5194/acp-22-9601-2022
- Swiss halocarbon emissions for 2019 to 2020 assessed from regional atmospheric observations D. Rust et al. 10.5194/acp-22-2447-2022
Latest update: 05 Jul 2025
Short summary
This paper estimates UK emissions of important greenhouse gases (hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)) using high-quality atmospheric observations and atmospheric modelling. We compare these estimates with those submitted by the UK to the United Nations. We conclude that global concentrations of these gases are still increasing. Our estimates for the UK are 73 % of those reported and that the UK emissions are now falling, demonstrating an impact of UK government policy.
This paper estimates UK emissions of important greenhouse gases (hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs))...
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