Articles | Volume 21, issue 14
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-10881-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-10881-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
20 Jul 2021
Research article |
| 20 Jul 2021
| 20 Jul 2021
Seasonal distribution and drivers of surface fine particulate matter and organic aerosol over the Indo-Gangetic Plain
School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Paul I. Palmer
School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
National Centre for Earth Observation, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Christoph Knote
Model-Based Environmental Exposure Science (MBEES), Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Timothy J. Wallington
Research & Advanced Engineering, Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, MI 48121-2053, USA
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- Year-long evaluation of aerosol chemistry and meteorological implications of PM2.5 in an urban area of the Brahmaputra Valley, India S. Rabha et al. https://doi.org/10.1039/D2EA00120A
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- Sensitivity of photochemical surface ozone formation regimes to emissions and meteorology in India G. Gopikrishnan et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-1907-2026
- Transboundary emission contribution to PM2.5 concentrations in Indian cities R. Lal et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/adc147
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- Long-term seasonal variability in the water-soluble inorganic composition of coarse and fine aerosols over the northeast Arabian sea G. Shukla et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2025.102794
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- Spatiotemporal analysis of land surface temperature and wind dynamics during winter in Bangladesh H. Dastour et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106498
- Spatio-temporal variability of particulate matter and associated mortality risk over major urban areas across the Indo-Gangetic Plain A. Prakash et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10874-025-09486-1
- Estimation of surface PM2.5 over the Indo-Gangetic Basin using MERRA-2 reanalysis and machine learning V. Singh et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-37934-9
- Climatology, trend and correlations of aerosol, cloud and meteorology over the climatologically important monsoon and adjacent northern regions of Pakistan K. Anwar et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108136
- Impact of electric and clean-fuel vehicles on future PM2.5 and ozone pollution over Delhi C. Mogno et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ad507f
- Decoding temporal patterns and trends of PM10 pollution over Delhi: a multi-year analysis (2015–2022) . Chetna et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-024-12638-7
- Impact of climatic factors on volume aerosol size distribution over Northern India N. Sharma et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2025.106633
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Latest update: 28 May 2026
Short summary
We use a 3-D atmospheric chemistry model to investigate how seasonal emissions sources and meteorological conditions affect the surface distribution of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and organic aerosol (OA) over the Indo-Gangetic Plain. We find that all seasonal mean values of PM2.5 still exceed safe air quality levels, with human emissions contributing to PM2.5 all year round, open fires during post- and pre-monsoon, and biogenic emissions during monsoon. OA contributes up to 30 % to PM2.5.
We use a 3-D atmospheric chemistry model to investigate how seasonal emissions sources and...
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