Articles | Volume 20, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-787-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-787-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
23 Jan 2020
Research article |
| 23 Jan 2020
| 23 Jan 2020
Ice supersaturated regions: properties and validation of ERA-Interim reanalysis with IAGOS in situ water vapour measurements
Institute for Atmospheric Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
Patrick Neis
Institute for Atmospheric Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
Institute of Energy and Climate Research Troposphere (IEK-8), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
now at: CGI Deutschland B. V. & CO. KG, Frankfurt, Germany
Susanne Rohs
Institute of Energy and Climate Research Troposphere (IEK-8), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
Bastien Sauvage
Laboratoire d'Aerologie, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
Viewed
Total article views: 4,503 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 19 Jul 2019)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3,291 | 1,145 | 67 | 4,503 | 116 | 116 |
- HTML: 3,291
- PDF: 1,145
- XML: 67
- Total: 4,503
- BibTeX: 116
- EndNote: 116
Total article views: 3,852 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 23 Jan 2020)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2,955 | 834 | 63 | 3,852 | 110 | 108 |
- HTML: 2,955
- PDF: 834
- XML: 63
- Total: 3,852
- BibTeX: 110
- EndNote: 108
Total article views: 651 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 19 Jul 2019)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 336 | 311 | 4 | 651 | 6 | 8 |
- HTML: 336
- PDF: 311
- XML: 4
- Total: 651
- BibTeX: 6
- EndNote: 8
Viewed (geographical distribution)
Total article views: 4,503 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 4,334 with geography defined
and 169 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 3,852 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 3,700 with geography defined
and 152 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 651 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 634 with geography defined
and 17 with unknown origin.
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
Cited
29 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Distinct impacts of humidity profiles on physical properties and secondary formation of aerosols in Shanghai T. Liu et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118756
- Machine learning for improvement of upper-tropospheric relative humidity in ERA5 weather model data Z. Wang et al. 10.5194/acp-25-2845-2025
- Calibration of Upper Air Water Vapour Profiles Using the IPRAL Raman Lidar and ERA5 Model Results and Comparison to GRUAN Radiosonde Observations D. Alraddawi et al. 10.3390/atmos16030351
- Validation of a Contrail Life-Cycle Model in Central Europe J. Rosenow et al. 10.3390/su15118669
- Ground-based contrail observations: comparisons with reanalysis weather data and contrail model simulations J. Low et al. 10.5194/amt-18-37-2025
- On the fidelity of high-resolution numerical weather forecasts of contrail-favorable conditions G. Thompson et al. 10.1016/j.atmosres.2024.107663
- Global aviation contrail climate effects from 2019 to 2021 R. Teoh et al. 10.5194/acp-24-6071-2024
- Opinion: Tropical cirrus – from micro-scale processes to climate-scale impacts B. Gasparini et al. 10.5194/acp-23-15413-2023
- Upper-tropospheric slightly ice-subsaturated regions: frequency of occurrence and statistical evidence for the appearance of contrail cirrus Y. Li et al. 10.5194/acp-23-2251-2023
- A consistent treatment of mixed‐phase saturation for atmospheric thermodynamics R. Warren 10.1002/qj.4866
- Ice-supersaturated air masses in the northern mid-latitudes from regular in situ observations by passenger aircraft: vertical distribution, seasonality and tropospheric fingerprint A. Petzold et al. 10.5194/acp-20-8157-2020
- Ice Supersaturation Variability in Cirrus Clouds: Role of Vertical Wind Speeds and Deposition Coefficients B. Kärcher et al. 10.1029/2023JD039324
- Aviation contrail climate effects in the North Atlantic from 2016 to 2021 R. Teoh et al. 10.5194/acp-22-10919-2022
- Influence of temperature and humidity on contrail formation regions in the general circulation model EMAC: a spring case study P. Peter et al. 10.5194/acp-25-5911-2025
- Design Principles for a Contrail-Minimizing Trial in the North Atlantic J. Molloy et al. 10.3390/aerospace9070375
- Relative humidity over ice as a key variable for Northern Hemisphere midlatitude tropopause inversion layers D. Köhler et al. 10.5194/acp-24-10055-2024
- Lower Stratospheric Water Vapor Variations Diagnosed from Satellite Observations, Reanalysis Data, and a Chemistry—Climate Model Y. Xia et al. 10.1007/s13351-021-0193-0
- Design of a Hydrogen Aircraft for Zero Persistent Contrails D. Barton et al. 10.3390/aerospace10080688
- Climate-optimized flight planning can effectively reduce the environmental footprint of aviation in Europe at low operational costs A. Simorgh & M. Soler 10.1038/s43247-025-02031-8
- Correction of ERA5 temperature and relative humidity biases by bivariate quantile mapping for contrail formation analysis K. Wolf et al. 10.5194/acp-25-157-2025
- Understanding the role of contrails and contrail cirrus in climate change: a global perspective D. Singh et al. 10.5194/acp-24-9219-2024
- Variability in the properties of the distribution of the relative humidity with respect to ice: implications for contrail formation S. Sanogo et al. 10.5194/acp-24-5495-2024
- Investigating the limiting aircraft-design-dependent and environmental factors of persistent contrail formation L. Megill & V. Grewe 10.5194/acp-25-4131-2025
- Robust 4D climate-optimal aircraft trajectory planning under weather-induced uncertainties: Free-routing airspace A. Simorgh et al. 10.1016/j.trd.2024.104196
- Feasibility test of per-flight contrail avoidance in commercial aviation A. Sonabend-W et al. 10.1038/s44172-024-00329-7
- The effect of uncertainty in humidity and model parameters on the prediction of contrail energy forcing J. Platt et al. 10.1088/2515-7620/ad6ee5
- Sustainable Aviation Fuel Deployment Strategies in Europe: Supply Chain Implications and Climate Benefits E. Woeldgen et al. 10.1021/acs.est.5c02364
- A Comprehensive Survey on Climate Optimal Aircraft Trajectory Planning A. Simorgh et al. 10.3390/aerospace9030146
- Decision-making strategies implemented in SolFinder 1.0 to identify eco-efficient aircraft trajectories: application study in AirTraf 3.0 F. Castino et al. 10.5194/gmd-17-4031-2024
29 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Distinct impacts of humidity profiles on physical properties and secondary formation of aerosols in Shanghai T. Liu et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118756
- Machine learning for improvement of upper-tropospheric relative humidity in ERA5 weather model data Z. Wang et al. 10.5194/acp-25-2845-2025
- Calibration of Upper Air Water Vapour Profiles Using the IPRAL Raman Lidar and ERA5 Model Results and Comparison to GRUAN Radiosonde Observations D. Alraddawi et al. 10.3390/atmos16030351
- Validation of a Contrail Life-Cycle Model in Central Europe J. Rosenow et al. 10.3390/su15118669
- Ground-based contrail observations: comparisons with reanalysis weather data and contrail model simulations J. Low et al. 10.5194/amt-18-37-2025
- On the fidelity of high-resolution numerical weather forecasts of contrail-favorable conditions G. Thompson et al. 10.1016/j.atmosres.2024.107663
- Global aviation contrail climate effects from 2019 to 2021 R. Teoh et al. 10.5194/acp-24-6071-2024
- Opinion: Tropical cirrus – from micro-scale processes to climate-scale impacts B. Gasparini et al. 10.5194/acp-23-15413-2023
- Upper-tropospheric slightly ice-subsaturated regions: frequency of occurrence and statistical evidence for the appearance of contrail cirrus Y. Li et al. 10.5194/acp-23-2251-2023
- A consistent treatment of mixed‐phase saturation for atmospheric thermodynamics R. Warren 10.1002/qj.4866
- Ice-supersaturated air masses in the northern mid-latitudes from regular in situ observations by passenger aircraft: vertical distribution, seasonality and tropospheric fingerprint A. Petzold et al. 10.5194/acp-20-8157-2020
- Ice Supersaturation Variability in Cirrus Clouds: Role of Vertical Wind Speeds and Deposition Coefficients B. Kärcher et al. 10.1029/2023JD039324
- Aviation contrail climate effects in the North Atlantic from 2016 to 2021 R. Teoh et al. 10.5194/acp-22-10919-2022
- Influence of temperature and humidity on contrail formation regions in the general circulation model EMAC: a spring case study P. Peter et al. 10.5194/acp-25-5911-2025
- Design Principles for a Contrail-Minimizing Trial in the North Atlantic J. Molloy et al. 10.3390/aerospace9070375
- Relative humidity over ice as a key variable for Northern Hemisphere midlatitude tropopause inversion layers D. Köhler et al. 10.5194/acp-24-10055-2024
- Lower Stratospheric Water Vapor Variations Diagnosed from Satellite Observations, Reanalysis Data, and a Chemistry—Climate Model Y. Xia et al. 10.1007/s13351-021-0193-0
- Design of a Hydrogen Aircraft for Zero Persistent Contrails D. Barton et al. 10.3390/aerospace10080688
- Climate-optimized flight planning can effectively reduce the environmental footprint of aviation in Europe at low operational costs A. Simorgh & M. Soler 10.1038/s43247-025-02031-8
- Correction of ERA5 temperature and relative humidity biases by bivariate quantile mapping for contrail formation analysis K. Wolf et al. 10.5194/acp-25-157-2025
- Understanding the role of contrails and contrail cirrus in climate change: a global perspective D. Singh et al. 10.5194/acp-24-9219-2024
- Variability in the properties of the distribution of the relative humidity with respect to ice: implications for contrail formation S. Sanogo et al. 10.5194/acp-24-5495-2024
- Investigating the limiting aircraft-design-dependent and environmental factors of persistent contrail formation L. Megill & V. Grewe 10.5194/acp-25-4131-2025
- Robust 4D climate-optimal aircraft trajectory planning under weather-induced uncertainties: Free-routing airspace A. Simorgh et al. 10.1016/j.trd.2024.104196
- Feasibility test of per-flight contrail avoidance in commercial aviation A. Sonabend-W et al. 10.1038/s44172-024-00329-7
- The effect of uncertainty in humidity and model parameters on the prediction of contrail energy forcing J. Platt et al. 10.1088/2515-7620/ad6ee5
- Sustainable Aviation Fuel Deployment Strategies in Europe: Supply Chain Implications and Climate Benefits E. Woeldgen et al. 10.1021/acs.est.5c02364
- A Comprehensive Survey on Climate Optimal Aircraft Trajectory Planning A. Simorgh et al. 10.3390/aerospace9030146
- Decision-making strategies implemented in SolFinder 1.0 to identify eco-efficient aircraft trajectories: application study in AirTraf 3.0 F. Castino et al. 10.5194/gmd-17-4031-2024
Latest update: 16 Sep 2025
Short summary
This study compares in situ measurements of temperature and humidity in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere with reanalysis data from the ECMWF ERA-Interim data set. It is shown that temperature compares well between both data sets. However, extreme values of relative humidity with respect to ice (RHi) are missing in ERA-Interim, and hence the number and size of ice supersaturated regions differ strongly between both data sets.
This study compares in situ measurements of temperature and humidity in the upper troposphere...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint