Articles | Volume 20, issue 11
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-6607-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-6607-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
05 Jun 2020
Research article |
| 05 Jun 2020
| 05 Jun 2020
Evaluation of Southern Ocean cloud in the HadGEM3 general circulation model and MERRA-2 reanalysis using ship-based observations
School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
Adrian J. McDonald
School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
Olaf Morgenstern
National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Wellington, New Zealand
Simon P. Alexander
Australian Antarctic Division, Kingston, Australia
John J. Cassano
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
Sally Garrett
New Zealand Defence Force, Wellington, New Zealand
Jamie Halla
New Zealand Defence Force, Wellington, New Zealand
Sean Hartery
School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
Mike J. Harvey
National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Wellington, New Zealand
Simon Parsons
School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
Graeme Plank
School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
Vidya Varma
National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Wellington, New Zealand
Jonny Williams
National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Wellington, New Zealand
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Latest update: 14 Dec 2024
Short summary
We evaluate clouds over the Southern Ocean in the climate model HadGEM3 and reanalysis MERRA-2 using ship-based ceilometer and radiosonde observations. We find the models underestimate cloud cover by 18–25 %, with clouds below 2 km dominant in reality but lacking in the models. We find a strong link between clouds, atmospheric stability and sea surface temperature in observations but not in the models, implying that sub-grid processes do not generate enough cloud in response to these conditions.
We evaluate clouds over the Southern Ocean in the climate model HadGEM3 and reanalysis MERRA-2...
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