Articles | Volume 20, issue 8
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-4787-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-4787-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
24 Apr 2020
Research article |
| 24 Apr 2020
| 24 Apr 2020
Trends and emissions of six perfluorocarbons in the Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere
Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
Karina E. Adcock
Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
Matthew J. Ashfold
School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500 Semenyih, Malaysia
Charles Chou
Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
Zoë Fleming
National Centre for Atmospheric Science (NCAS), Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
now at: Center for Climate and Resilience Research (CR2), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
Paul J. Fraser
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Oceans and Atmosphere, Climate Science Centre, Aspendale, Australia
Lauren J. Gooch
Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
Andrew J. Hind
Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
Ray L. Langenfelds
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Oceans and Atmosphere, Climate Science Centre, Aspendale, Australia
Emma C. Leedham Elvidge
Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
Norfazrin Mohd Hanif
Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
Department of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
Simon O'Doherty
Department of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
David E. Oram
Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
National Centre for Atmospheric Science, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
Chang-Feng Ou-Yang
Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
Marios Panagi
National Centre for Atmospheric Science (NCAS), Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
Claire E. Reeves
Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
William T. Sturges
Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
Johannes C. Laube
Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
Institute of Energy and Climate Research – Stratosphere (IEK-7), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbHJ, Jülich, Germany
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Cited
12 citations as recorded by crossref.
- The influence of functional groups on the pyrolysis of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances L. Tran et al. 10.1016/j.jaap.2024.106820
- Indicators of Global Climate Change 2024: annual update of key indicators of the state of the climate system and human influence P. Forster et al. 10.5194/essd-17-2641-2025
- Membrane supported liquid-liquid oxygenation for use in extracorporeal life support – Proof of principle J. Heyer et al. 10.1016/j.memsci.2024.122754
- Rising Perfluorocyclobutane (PFC-318, c-C4F8) Emissions in China from 2011 to 2020 Inferred from Atmospheric Observations Y. Wang et al. 10.1021/acs.est.3c10325
- Revealing the global emission gaps for fully fluorinated greenhouse gases L. Guo & X. Fang 10.1038/s41598-024-58504-x
- Data-driven optimization of the in silico design of ionic liquids as interfacial cell culture fluids J. Nakanishi et al. 10.1080/14686996.2024.2418287
- Tracers for evaluating computational models of atmospheric transport and oxidation at regional to global scales P. Simmonds et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.118074
- Highly Selective Adsorption of Perfluorinated Greenhouse Gases by Porous Organic Cages K. Tian et al. 10.1002/adma.202202290
- Measurements of perfluoro-n-heptane and perfluoro-n-octane absorption cross-sections from 300 to 350 K M. Ishtiak et al. 10.1016/j.jms.2023.111747
- Indicators of Global Climate Change 2022: annual update of large-scale indicators of the state of the climate system and human influence P. Forster et al. 10.5194/essd-15-2295-2023
- Fully fluorinated non-carbon compounds NF3 and SF6 as ideal technosignature gases S. Seager et al. 10.1038/s41598-023-39972-z
- Indicators of Global Climate Change 2023: annual update of key indicators of the state of the climate system and human influence P. Forster et al. 10.5194/essd-16-2625-2024
12 citations as recorded by crossref.
- The influence of functional groups on the pyrolysis of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances L. Tran et al. 10.1016/j.jaap.2024.106820
- Indicators of Global Climate Change 2024: annual update of key indicators of the state of the climate system and human influence P. Forster et al. 10.5194/essd-17-2641-2025
- Membrane supported liquid-liquid oxygenation for use in extracorporeal life support – Proof of principle J. Heyer et al. 10.1016/j.memsci.2024.122754
- Rising Perfluorocyclobutane (PFC-318, c-C4F8) Emissions in China from 2011 to 2020 Inferred from Atmospheric Observations Y. Wang et al. 10.1021/acs.est.3c10325
- Revealing the global emission gaps for fully fluorinated greenhouse gases L. Guo & X. Fang 10.1038/s41598-024-58504-x
- Data-driven optimization of the in silico design of ionic liquids as interfacial cell culture fluids J. Nakanishi et al. 10.1080/14686996.2024.2418287
- Tracers for evaluating computational models of atmospheric transport and oxidation at regional to global scales P. Simmonds et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.118074
- Highly Selective Adsorption of Perfluorinated Greenhouse Gases by Porous Organic Cages K. Tian et al. 10.1002/adma.202202290
- Measurements of perfluoro-n-heptane and perfluoro-n-octane absorption cross-sections from 300 to 350 K M. Ishtiak et al. 10.1016/j.jms.2023.111747
- Indicators of Global Climate Change 2022: annual update of large-scale indicators of the state of the climate system and human influence P. Forster et al. 10.5194/essd-15-2295-2023
- Fully fluorinated non-carbon compounds NF3 and SF6 as ideal technosignature gases S. Seager et al. 10.1038/s41598-023-39972-z
- Indicators of Global Climate Change 2023: annual update of key indicators of the state of the climate system and human influence P. Forster et al. 10.5194/essd-16-2625-2024
Latest update: 11 Jul 2025
Short summary
We update the tropospheric trends and emissions of six perfluorocarbon (PFC) gases, including separate isomers. Trends for these strong greenhouse gases are still increasing, but at slower rates than previously. The lack of natural sinks results in the global accumulation of 833 million metric tonnes of CO2 equivalent for these six PFCs by 2017. Modelling results indicate potential source regions and types in East Asia, but we find that many emissions are unaccounted for in emission reports.
We update the tropospheric trends and emissions of six perfluorocarbon (PFC) gases, including...
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