Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research – Atmospheric Aerosol
Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1,
76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research – Atmospheric Aerosol
Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1,
76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research – Atmospheric Aerosol
Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1,
76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research – Atmospheric Aerosol
Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1,
76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research – Atmospheric Aerosol
Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1,
76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
Peter G. Weidler
Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology,
Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
Daniel J. Cziczo
Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Civil and Environmental
Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue
54-1324, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA
now at: Purdue University, Department of Earth, Atmospheric and
Planetary Sciences, 550 Lafayette St., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
Thomas Leisner
Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research – Atmospheric Aerosol
Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1,
76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research – Atmospheric Aerosol
Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1,
76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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Annually, over 600 Tg of coal fly ash (CFA) is produced; a significant proportion of this amount is injected into the atmosphere, which could significantly contribute to heterogeneous ice formation in clouds. This study presents an improved understanding of CFA particles' behaviour in forming ice in clouds, especially when exposed to lower temperatures before being re-circulated in the upper troposphere or entrained into the lower troposphere.
Annually, over 600 Tg of coal fly ash (CFA) is produced; a significant proportion of this amount is...
