Articles | Volume 18, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-2769-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-2769-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
27 Feb 2018
Research article |
| 27 Feb 2018
| 27 Feb 2018
Sensitivity of the radiative forcing by stratospheric sulfur geoengineering to the amount and strategy of the SO2injection studied with the LMDZ-S3A model
Christoph Kleinschmitt
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Institute of Environmental Physics, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique, Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace, Sorbonne Université/CNRS, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris CEDEX 05, France
Olivier Boucher
Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace, Sorbonne Université/CNRS, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris CEDEX 05, France
Ulrich Platt
Institute of Environmental Physics, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Cited
41 citations as recorded by crossref.
- CESM1(WACCM) Stratospheric Aerosol Geoengineering Large Ensemble Project S. Tilmes et al. 10.1175/BAMS-D-17-0267.1
- South-hemispheric marine aerosol Hg and S isotope compositions reveal different oxidation pathways D. AuYang et al. 10.1360/nso/20220014
- The Engineering of Climate Engineering D. MacMartin & B. Kravitz 10.1146/annurev-control-053018-023725
- Optimizing Injection Locations Relaxes Altitude‐Lifetime Trade‐Off for Stratospheric Aerosol Injection H. Sun et al. 10.1029/2023GL105371
- Exploring accumulation-mode H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> versus SO<sub>2</sub> stratospheric sulfate geoengineering in a sectional aerosol–chemistry–climate model S. Vattioni et al. 10.5194/acp-19-4877-2019
- Hemispherically symmetric strategies for stratospheric aerosol injection Y. Zhang et al. 10.5194/esd-15-191-2024
- Uncertainty and the basis for confidence in solar geoengineering research B. Kravitz & D. MacMartin 10.1038/s43017-019-0004-7
- Evaluating climate geoengineering proposals in the context of the Paris Agreement temperature goals M. Lawrence et al. 10.1038/s41467-018-05938-3
- Identifying the sources of uncertainty in climate model simulations of solar radiation modification with the G6sulfur and G6solar Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP) simulations D. Visioni et al. 10.5194/acp-21-10039-2021
- Validating a microphysical prognostic stratospheric aerosol implementation in E3SMv2 using observations after the Mount Pinatubo eruption H. Brown et al. 10.5194/gmd-17-5087-2024
- Climate Response to Latitudinal and Altitudinal Distribution of Stratospheric Sulfate Aerosols M. Zhao et al. 10.1029/2021JD035379
- Quantifying the Efficiency of Stratospheric Aerosol Geoengineering at Different Altitudes W. Lee et al. 10.1029/2023GL104417
- Timescale for Detecting the Climate Response to Stratospheric Aerosol Geoengineering D. MacMartin et al. 10.1029/2018JD028906
- The Climatic Effects of Hygroscopic Growth of Sulfate Aerosols in the Stratosphere K. Krishnamohan et al. 10.1029/2019EF001326
- Sensitivity of tropical monsoon precipitation to the latitude of stratospheric aerosol injections K. Krishnamohan & G. Bala 10.1007/s00382-021-06121-z
- Comparison of the Fast and Slow Climate Response to Three Radiation Management Geoengineering Schemes L. Duan et al. 10.1029/2018JD029034
- Land Surface Cooling Induced by Sulfate Geoengineering Constrained by Major Volcanic Eruptions M. Plazzotta et al. 10.1029/2018GL077583
- An investigation of the relationship between tropical monsoon precipitation changes and stratospheric sulfate aerosol optical depth A. Xavier et al. 10.1093/oxfclm/kgae016
- Reduced Poleward Transport Due to Stratospheric Heating Under Stratospheric Aerosols Geoengineering D. Visioni et al. 10.1029/2020GL089470
- Climate system response to stratospheric sulfate aerosols: sensitivity to altitude of aerosol layer K. Krishnamohan et al. 10.5194/esd-10-885-2019
- Influence of stratospheric aerosol geoengineering on temperature mean and precipitation extremes indices in Africa S. Obahoundje et al. 10.1108/IJCCSM-03-2021-0028
- Photochemistry of HOSO2 and SO3 and Implications for the Production of Sulfuric Acid J. Carmona-García et al. 10.1021/jacs.1c10153
- The risk of catastrophic climate change: Future energy implications P. Moriarty & D. Honnery 10.1016/j.futures.2021.102728
- Exploring How Eruption Source Parameters Affect Volcanic Radiative Forcing Using Statistical Emulation L. Marshall et al. 10.1029/2018JD028675
- Security of solar radiation management geoengineering A. Lockley 10.1007/s42524-019-0008-5
- Upper tropospheric ice sensitivity to sulfate geoengineering D. Visioni et al. 10.5194/acp-18-14867-2018
- Overlooked Long‐Term Atmospheric Chemical Feedbacks Alter the Impact of Solar Geoengineering: Implications for Tropospheric Oxidative Capacity J. Moch et al. 10.1029/2023AV000911
- Importance of microphysical settings for climate forcing by stratospheric SO2 injections as modeled by SOCOL-AERv2 S. Vattioni et al. 10.5194/gmd-17-4181-2024
- Ecosystem maintenance energy and the need for a green EROI P. Moriarty & D. Honnery 10.1016/j.enpol.2019.05.006
- Comparing Surface and Stratospheric Impacts of Geoengineering With Different SO2 Injection Strategies B. Kravitz et al. 10.1029/2019JD030329
- Differing responses of the quasi-biennial oscillation to artificial SO<sub>2</sub> injections in two global models U. Niemeier et al. 10.5194/acp-20-8975-2020
- Developing countries must lead on solar geoengineering research A. Rahman et al. 10.1038/d41586-018-03917-8
- High‐Latitude Stratospheric Aerosol Injection to Preserve the Arctic W. Lee et al. 10.1029/2022EF003052
- The Interactive Stratospheric Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (ISA-MIP): motivation and experimental design C. Timmreck et al. 10.5194/gmd-11-2581-2018
- Complementing CO<sub>2</sub> emission reduction by solar radiation management might strongly enhance future welfare K. Helwegen et al. 10.5194/esd-10-453-2019
- Dependency of the impacts of geoengineering on the stratospheric sulfur injection strategy – Part 1: Intercomparison of modal and sectional aerosol modules A. Laakso et al. 10.5194/acp-22-93-2022
- Regional Climate Impacts of Stabilizing Global Warming at 1.5 K Using Solar Geoengineering A. Jones et al. 10.1002/2017EF000720
- Effects of Different Stratospheric SO2 Injection Altitudes on Stratospheric Chemistry and Dynamics S. Tilmes et al. 10.1002/2017JD028146
- Sulfur deposition changes under sulfate geoengineering conditions: quasi-biennial oscillation effects on the transport and lifetime of stratospheric aerosols D. Visioni et al. 10.5194/acp-18-2787-2018
- The cost of stratospheric aerosol injection through 2100 W. Smith 10.1088/1748-9326/aba7e7
- How geoengineering scenarios frame assumptions and create expectations A. Talberg et al. 10.1007/s11625-018-0527-8
36 citations as recorded by crossref.
- CESM1(WACCM) Stratospheric Aerosol Geoengineering Large Ensemble Project S. Tilmes et al. 10.1175/BAMS-D-17-0267.1
- South-hemispheric marine aerosol Hg and S isotope compositions reveal different oxidation pathways D. AuYang et al. 10.1360/nso/20220014
- The Engineering of Climate Engineering D. MacMartin & B. Kravitz 10.1146/annurev-control-053018-023725
- Optimizing Injection Locations Relaxes Altitude‐Lifetime Trade‐Off for Stratospheric Aerosol Injection H. Sun et al. 10.1029/2023GL105371
- Exploring accumulation-mode H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> versus SO<sub>2</sub> stratospheric sulfate geoengineering in a sectional aerosol–chemistry–climate model S. Vattioni et al. 10.5194/acp-19-4877-2019
- Hemispherically symmetric strategies for stratospheric aerosol injection Y. Zhang et al. 10.5194/esd-15-191-2024
- Uncertainty and the basis for confidence in solar geoengineering research B. Kravitz & D. MacMartin 10.1038/s43017-019-0004-7
- Evaluating climate geoengineering proposals in the context of the Paris Agreement temperature goals M. Lawrence et al. 10.1038/s41467-018-05938-3
- Identifying the sources of uncertainty in climate model simulations of solar radiation modification with the G6sulfur and G6solar Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP) simulations D. Visioni et al. 10.5194/acp-21-10039-2021
- Validating a microphysical prognostic stratospheric aerosol implementation in E3SMv2 using observations after the Mount Pinatubo eruption H. Brown et al. 10.5194/gmd-17-5087-2024
- Climate Response to Latitudinal and Altitudinal Distribution of Stratospheric Sulfate Aerosols M. Zhao et al. 10.1029/2021JD035379
- Quantifying the Efficiency of Stratospheric Aerosol Geoengineering at Different Altitudes W. Lee et al. 10.1029/2023GL104417
- Timescale for Detecting the Climate Response to Stratospheric Aerosol Geoengineering D. MacMartin et al. 10.1029/2018JD028906
- The Climatic Effects of Hygroscopic Growth of Sulfate Aerosols in the Stratosphere K. Krishnamohan et al. 10.1029/2019EF001326
- Sensitivity of tropical monsoon precipitation to the latitude of stratospheric aerosol injections K. Krishnamohan & G. Bala 10.1007/s00382-021-06121-z
- Comparison of the Fast and Slow Climate Response to Three Radiation Management Geoengineering Schemes L. Duan et al. 10.1029/2018JD029034
- Land Surface Cooling Induced by Sulfate Geoengineering Constrained by Major Volcanic Eruptions M. Plazzotta et al. 10.1029/2018GL077583
- An investigation of the relationship between tropical monsoon precipitation changes and stratospheric sulfate aerosol optical depth A. Xavier et al. 10.1093/oxfclm/kgae016
- Reduced Poleward Transport Due to Stratospheric Heating Under Stratospheric Aerosols Geoengineering D. Visioni et al. 10.1029/2020GL089470
- Climate system response to stratospheric sulfate aerosols: sensitivity to altitude of aerosol layer K. Krishnamohan et al. 10.5194/esd-10-885-2019
- Influence of stratospheric aerosol geoengineering on temperature mean and precipitation extremes indices in Africa S. Obahoundje et al. 10.1108/IJCCSM-03-2021-0028
- Photochemistry of HOSO2 and SO3 and Implications for the Production of Sulfuric Acid J. Carmona-García et al. 10.1021/jacs.1c10153
- The risk of catastrophic climate change: Future energy implications P. Moriarty & D. Honnery 10.1016/j.futures.2021.102728
- Exploring How Eruption Source Parameters Affect Volcanic Radiative Forcing Using Statistical Emulation L. Marshall et al. 10.1029/2018JD028675
- Security of solar radiation management geoengineering A. Lockley 10.1007/s42524-019-0008-5
- Upper tropospheric ice sensitivity to sulfate geoengineering D. Visioni et al. 10.5194/acp-18-14867-2018
- Overlooked Long‐Term Atmospheric Chemical Feedbacks Alter the Impact of Solar Geoengineering: Implications for Tropospheric Oxidative Capacity J. Moch et al. 10.1029/2023AV000911
- Importance of microphysical settings for climate forcing by stratospheric SO2 injections as modeled by SOCOL-AERv2 S. Vattioni et al. 10.5194/gmd-17-4181-2024
- Ecosystem maintenance energy and the need for a green EROI P. Moriarty & D. Honnery 10.1016/j.enpol.2019.05.006
- Comparing Surface and Stratospheric Impacts of Geoengineering With Different SO2 Injection Strategies B. Kravitz et al. 10.1029/2019JD030329
- Differing responses of the quasi-biennial oscillation to artificial SO<sub>2</sub> injections in two global models U. Niemeier et al. 10.5194/acp-20-8975-2020
- Developing countries must lead on solar geoengineering research A. Rahman et al. 10.1038/d41586-018-03917-8
- High‐Latitude Stratospheric Aerosol Injection to Preserve the Arctic W. Lee et al. 10.1029/2022EF003052
- The Interactive Stratospheric Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (ISA-MIP): motivation and experimental design C. Timmreck et al. 10.5194/gmd-11-2581-2018
- Complementing CO<sub>2</sub> emission reduction by solar radiation management might strongly enhance future welfare K. Helwegen et al. 10.5194/esd-10-453-2019
- Dependency of the impacts of geoengineering on the stratospheric sulfur injection strategy – Part 1: Intercomparison of modal and sectional aerosol modules A. Laakso et al. 10.5194/acp-22-93-2022
5 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Regional Climate Impacts of Stabilizing Global Warming at 1.5 K Using Solar Geoengineering A. Jones et al. 10.1002/2017EF000720
- Effects of Different Stratospheric SO2 Injection Altitudes on Stratospheric Chemistry and Dynamics S. Tilmes et al. 10.1002/2017JD028146
- Sulfur deposition changes under sulfate geoengineering conditions: quasi-biennial oscillation effects on the transport and lifetime of stratospheric aerosols D. Visioni et al. 10.5194/acp-18-2787-2018
- The cost of stratospheric aerosol injection through 2100 W. Smith 10.1088/1748-9326/aba7e7
- How geoengineering scenarios frame assumptions and create expectations A. Talberg et al. 10.1007/s11625-018-0527-8
Discussed (final revised paper)
Discussed (preprint)
Latest update: 20 Nov 2024
Short summary
We use a state-of-the-art stratospheric aerosol model to study geoengineering through stratospheric sulfur injections. We find that the efficiency may decrease more drastically for larger injections than previously estimated and that injections at higher altitude are not more effective. This study may provide additional evidence that this proposed geoengineering technique is still more complicated, probably less effective, and may implicate stronger side effects than initially thought.
We use a state-of-the-art stratospheric aerosol model to study geoengineering through...
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Final-revised paper
Preprint