Variations in surface ozone and carbon monoxide in the Kathmandu Valley and surrounding broader regions during SusKat-ABC field campaign: role of local and regional sources

Bhardwaj, Piyush; Naja, Manish; Rupakheti, Maheswar; Lupascu, Aurelia; Mues, Andrea; Panday, Arnico Kumar; Kumar, Rajesh; Mahata, Khadak Singh; Lal, Shyam; Chandola, Harish C.; Lawrence, Mark G.

doi:10.5194/acp-18-11949-2018

Articles | Volume 18, issue 16

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-11949-2018

© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

Special issue:

Atmospheric pollution in the Himalayan foothills: The SusKat-ABC...

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-11949-2018

© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

Articles | Volume 18, issue 16

Research article

|

21 Aug 2018

Research article |

| 21 Aug 2018

Variations in surface ozone and carbon monoxide in the Kathmandu Valley and surrounding broader regions during SusKat-ABC field campaign: role of local and regional sources

Piyush Bhardwaj, Manish Naja, Maheswar Rupakheti, Aurelia Lupascu, Andrea Mues, Arnico Kumar Panday, Rajesh Kumar, Khadak Singh Mahata, Shyam Lal, Harish C. Chandola, and Mark G. Lawrence

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Jan 2018	41	14	1	56
Feb 2018	31	10	2	43
Mar 2018	18	7	0	25
Apr 2018	24	10	2	36
May 2018	44	9	0	53
Jun 2018	25	11	1	37
Jul 2018	31	18	0	49
Aug 2018	809	101	4	914
Sep 2018	88	34	2	124
Oct 2018	36	20	2	58
Nov 2018	28	17	2	47
Dec 2018	14	16	2	32
Jan 2019	15	12	0	27
Feb 2019	14	7	0	21
Mar 2019	11	14	0	25
Apr 2019	9	17	1	27
May 2019	11	8	0	19
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Jul 2019	11	8	0	19
Aug 2019	13	8	1	22
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Oct 2019	19	16	0	35
Nov 2019	12	7	0	19
Dec 2019	13	4	0	17
Jan 2020	15	6	3	24
Feb 2020	16	9	0	25
Mar 2020	8	5	0	13
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Jun 2020	9	15	1	25
Jul 2020	17	14	5	36
Aug 2020	10	9	2	21
Sep 2020	18	8	2	28
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Apr 2021	15	11	0	26
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Jun 2021	8	11	1	20
Jul 2021	12	17	0	29
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Jan 2022	13	15	0	28
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Mar 2022	15	7	2	24
Apr 2022	9	11	3	23
May 2022	8	7	0	15
Jun 2022	15	6	0	21
Jul 2022	12	19	1	32
Aug 2022	28	15	0	43
Sep 2022	10	4	0	14
Oct 2022	12	8	3	23
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Dec 2022	14	13	0	27
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Mar 2023	21	15	0	36
Apr 2023	9	22	0	31
May 2023	36	17	0	53
Jun 2023	48	13	1	62
Jul 2023	43	6	1	50
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Nov 2023	27	1	0	28
Dec 2023	43	7	0	50
Jan 2024	41	7	0	48
Feb 2024	39	12	0	51
Mar 2024	51	19	2	72
Apr 2024	45	13	1	59
May 2024	29	7	7	43
Jun 2024	49	5	2	56
Jul 2024	17	11	2	30
Aug 2024	36	7	2	45
Sep 2024	20	5	0	25
Oct 2024	22	5	1	28
Nov 2024	16	7	2	25
Dec 2024	26	3	2	31
Jan 2025	17	7	3	27
Feb 2025	20	14	3	37
Mar 2025	25	10	2	37
Apr 2025	8	16	2	26
May 2025	29	14	8	51
Jun 2025	33	12	1	46
Jul 2025	22	13	2	37
Aug 2025	32	17	1	50
Sep 2025	59	10	1	70
Oct 2025	32	28	0	60
Nov 2025	31	40	2	73

Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 17 Jul 2017)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Jul 2017	753	84	4	841
Aug 2017	69	19	0	88
Sep 2017	62	19	0	81
Oct 2017	27	9	0	36
Nov 2017	18	6	0	24
Dec 2017	23	5	1	29
Jan 2018	41	14	1	56
Feb 2018	31	10	2	43
Mar 2018	18	7	0	25
Apr 2018	24	10	2	36
May 2018	44	9	0	53
Jun 2018	25	11	1	37
Jul 2018	31	18	0	49
Aug 2018	809	101	4	914
Sep 2018	88	34	2	124
Oct 2018	36	20	2	58
Nov 2018	28	17	2	47
Dec 2018	14	16	2	32
Jan 2019	15	12	0	27
Feb 2019	14	7	0	21
Mar 2019	11	14	0	25
Apr 2019	9	17	1	27
May 2019	11	8	0	19
Jun 2019	23	7	0	30
Jul 2019	11	8	0	19
Aug 2019	13	8	1	22
Sep 2019	13	13	0	26
Oct 2019	19	16	0	35
Nov 2019	12	7	0	19
Dec 2019	13	4	0	17
Jan 2020	15	6	3	24
Feb 2020	16	9	0	25
Mar 2020	8	5	0	13
Apr 2020	18	7	0	25
May 2020	19	5	1	25
Jun 2020	9	15	1	25
Jul 2020	17	14	5	36
Aug 2020	10	9	2	21
Sep 2020	18	8	2	28
Oct 2020	4	1	0	5
Nov 2020	10	10	1	21
Dec 2020	12	11	2	25
Jan 2021	22	16	1	39
Feb 2021	16	9	0	25
Mar 2021	13	16	1	30
Apr 2021	15	11	0	26
May 2021	11	8	2	21
Jun 2021	8	11	1	20
Jul 2021	12	17	0	29
Aug 2021	26	25	0	51
Sep 2021	15	13	0	28
Oct 2021	15	41	2	58
Nov 2021	11	27	0	38
Dec 2021	10	10	1	21
Jan 2022	13	15	0	28
Feb 2022	9	17	1	27
Mar 2022	15	7	2	24
Apr 2022	9	11	3	23
May 2022	8	7	0	15
Jun 2022	15	6	0	21
Jul 2022	12	19	1	32
Aug 2022	28	15	0	43
Sep 2022	10	4	0	14
Oct 2022	12	8	3	23
Nov 2022	19	14	1	34
Dec 2022	14	13	0	27
Jan 2023	18	16	2	36
Feb 2023	19	9	0	28
Mar 2023	21	15	0	36
Apr 2023	9	22	0	31
May 2023	36	17	0	53
Jun 2023	48	13	1	62
Jul 2023	43	6	1	50
Aug 2023	46	14	4	64
Sep 2023	44	10	2	56
Oct 2023	44	13	3	60
Nov 2023	27	1	0	28
Dec 2023	43	7	0	50
Jan 2024	41	7	0	48
Feb 2024	39	12	0	51
Mar 2024	51	19	2	72
Apr 2024	45	13	1	59
May 2024	29	7	7	43
Jun 2024	49	5	2	56
Jul 2024	17	11	2	30
Aug 2024	36	7	2	45
Sep 2024	20	5	0	25
Oct 2024	22	5	1	28
Nov 2024	16	7	2	25
Dec 2024	26	3	2	31
Jan 2025	17	7	3	27
Feb 2025	20	14	3	37
Mar 2025	25	10	2	37
Apr 2025	8	16	2	26
May 2025	29	14	8	51
Jun 2025	33	12	1	46
Jul 2025	22	13	2	37
Aug 2025	32	17	1	50
Sep 2025	59	10	1	70
Oct 2025	32	28	0	60
Nov 2025	31	40	2	73

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Short summary

This study provides information about the regional variabilities in some of the pollutants using observations in Nepal and India. It is shown that agricultural crop residue burning leads to a significant enhancement in ozone and CO over a wider region. Further, the wintertime higher ozone levels are shown to be largely due to local emissions, while regional transport could be important in spring and hence shows the role of regional sources versus local sources in the Kathmandu Valley.


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