Articles | Volume 17, issue 14
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-8959-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-8959-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
26 Jul 2017
Research article |
| 26 Jul 2017
Investigating diesel engines as an atmospheric source of isocyanic acid in urban areas
Shantanu H. Jathar
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
Christopher Heppding
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
Michael F. Link
Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
Delphine K. Farmer
Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
Ali Akherati
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
Michael J. Kleeman
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
Joost A. de Gouw
NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
Patrick R. Veres
NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
James M. Roberts
NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
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Cited
31 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Technical note: A new approach to discriminate different black carbon sources by utilising fullerene and metals in positive matrix factorisation analysis of high-resolution soot particle aerosol mass spectrometer data Z. Bibi et al. 10.5194/acp-21-10763-2021
- Atmospheric chemical loss processes of isocyanic acid (HNCO): a combined theoretical kinetic and global modelling study S. Rosanka et al. 10.5194/acp-20-6671-2020
- Sources of isocyanic acid (HNCO) indoors: a focus on cigarette smoke R. Hems et al. 10.1039/C9EM00107G
- High levels of isocyanic acid in smoke generated during hot iron cauterization P. Leanderson & B. Krapi 10.1080/19338244.2019.1593920
- Control Technology-Driven Changes to In-Use Heavy-Duty Diesel Truck Emissions of Nitrogenous Species and Related Environmental Impacts C. Preble et al. 10.1021/acs.est.9b04763
- Primary and Secondary Sources of Gas-Phase Organic Acids from Diesel Exhaust B. Friedman et al. 10.1021/acs.est.7b01169
- Surface Wetness as an Unexpected Control on Forest Exchange of Volatile Organic Acids S. Fulgham et al. 10.1029/2020GL088745
- Emissions and Secondary Formation of Air Pollutants from Modern Heavy-Duty Trucks in Real-World Traffic—Chemical Characteristics Using On-Line Mass Spectrometry L. Zhou et al. 10.1021/acs.est.1c00412
- Tropospheric sources and sinks of gas-phase acids in the Colorado Front Range J. Mattila et al. 10.5194/acp-18-12315-2018
- Measurement report: Enhanced photochemical formation of formic and isocyanic acids in urban regions aloft – insights from tower-based online gradient measurements Q. Yang et al. 10.5194/acp-24-6865-2024
- Quantitative kinetics of the atmospheric reaction between isocyanic acid and hydroxyl radicals: post-CCSD(T) contribution, anharmonicity, recrossing effects, torsional anharmonicity, and tunneling D. Deng & B. Long 10.1039/D3CP04385A
- Interactions between isocyanic acid and atmospheric acidic, neutral and basic species H. Zhao et al. 10.1016/j.comptc.2021.113384
- Experimental FTIR-MI and Theoretical Studies of Isocyanic Acid Aggregates J. Krupa et al. 10.3390/molecules28031430
- Matrix Isolation FTIR and Theoretical Study of Weakly Bound Complexes of Isocyanic Acid with Nitrogen J. Krupa et al. 10.3390/molecules27020495
- Atmospheric OH Oxidation of Three Chlorinated Aromatic Herbicides T. Murschell & D. Farmer 10.1021/acs.est.7b06025
- Assessing Exhaust Toxicity with Biological Detector: Configuration of Portable Air-Liquid Interface Human Lung Cell Model Exposure System, Sampling Train and Test Conditions M. Vojtisek-Lom et al. 10.4271/2019-24-0050
- Effect of Fuel Injection Strategies on Performance, Regulated and Unregulated Emissions of a Gasoline Compression Ignition Engine M. Krishnamoorthi et al. 10.1115/1.4065107
- Simulating secondary organic aerosol in a regional air quality model using the statistical oxidation model – Part 3: Assessing the influence of semi-volatile and intermediate-volatility organic compounds and NOx A. Akherati et al. 10.5194/acp-19-4561-2019
- Elucidating real-world vehicle emission factors from mobile measurements over a large metropolitan region: a focus on isocyanic acid, hydrogen cyanide, and black carbon S. Wren et al. 10.5194/acp-18-16979-2018
- Reducing the exhaust emissions of unregulated pollutants from small gasoline engines with alkylate fuel and low-ash lube oil A. Zardini et al. 10.1016/j.envres.2018.12.021
- Isocyanic acid (HNCO) and its fate in the atmosphere: a review M. Leslie et al. 10.1039/C9EM00003H
- Online characterization of primary and secondary emissions of particulate matter and acidic molecules from a modern fleet of city buses L. Zhou et al. 10.5194/acp-24-11045-2024
- Liquid–liquid phase separation and viscosity within secondary organic aerosol generated from diesel fuel vapors M. Song et al. 10.5194/acp-19-12515-2019
- Isocyanates and hydrogen cyanide in fumes from heated proteins and protein‐rich foods P. Leanderson 10.1111/ina.12526
- High Concentrations of Atmospheric Isocyanic Acid (HNCO) Produced from Secondary Sources in China Z. Wang et al. 10.1021/acs.est.0c02843
- Air pollution scenario analyses of fleet replacement strategies to accomplish reductions in criteria air pollutants and 74 VOCs over India H. Hakkim et al. 10.1016/j.aeaoa.2022.100150
- Molecular Structure of Isocyanic Acid, HNCO, the Imide of Carbon Dioxide J. Evers et al. 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b00557
- Emission of formic and acetic acids from two Colorado soils A. Mielnik et al. 10.1039/C8EM00356D
- Observations of Isocyanate, Amide, Nitrate, and Nitro Compounds From an Anthropogenic Biomass Burning Event Using a ToF‐CIMS M. Priestley et al. 10.1002/2017JD027316
- Structure and IR Spectroscopic Properties of HNCO Complexes with SO2 Isolated in Solid Argon J. Krupa et al. 10.3390/molecules26216441
- Quantifying the Primary Emissions and Photochemical Formation of Isocyanic Acid Downwind of Oil Sands Operations J. Liggio et al. 10.1021/acs.est.7b04346
30 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Technical note: A new approach to discriminate different black carbon sources by utilising fullerene and metals in positive matrix factorisation analysis of high-resolution soot particle aerosol mass spectrometer data Z. Bibi et al. 10.5194/acp-21-10763-2021
- Atmospheric chemical loss processes of isocyanic acid (HNCO): a combined theoretical kinetic and global modelling study S. Rosanka et al. 10.5194/acp-20-6671-2020
- Sources of isocyanic acid (HNCO) indoors: a focus on cigarette smoke R. Hems et al. 10.1039/C9EM00107G
- High levels of isocyanic acid in smoke generated during hot iron cauterization P. Leanderson & B. Krapi 10.1080/19338244.2019.1593920
- Control Technology-Driven Changes to In-Use Heavy-Duty Diesel Truck Emissions of Nitrogenous Species and Related Environmental Impacts C. Preble et al. 10.1021/acs.est.9b04763
- Primary and Secondary Sources of Gas-Phase Organic Acids from Diesel Exhaust B. Friedman et al. 10.1021/acs.est.7b01169
- Surface Wetness as an Unexpected Control on Forest Exchange of Volatile Organic Acids S. Fulgham et al. 10.1029/2020GL088745
- Emissions and Secondary Formation of Air Pollutants from Modern Heavy-Duty Trucks in Real-World Traffic—Chemical Characteristics Using On-Line Mass Spectrometry L. Zhou et al. 10.1021/acs.est.1c00412
- Tropospheric sources and sinks of gas-phase acids in the Colorado Front Range J. Mattila et al. 10.5194/acp-18-12315-2018
- Measurement report: Enhanced photochemical formation of formic and isocyanic acids in urban regions aloft – insights from tower-based online gradient measurements Q. Yang et al. 10.5194/acp-24-6865-2024
- Quantitative kinetics of the atmospheric reaction between isocyanic acid and hydroxyl radicals: post-CCSD(T) contribution, anharmonicity, recrossing effects, torsional anharmonicity, and tunneling D. Deng & B. Long 10.1039/D3CP04385A
- Interactions between isocyanic acid and atmospheric acidic, neutral and basic species H. Zhao et al. 10.1016/j.comptc.2021.113384
- Experimental FTIR-MI and Theoretical Studies of Isocyanic Acid Aggregates J. Krupa et al. 10.3390/molecules28031430
- Matrix Isolation FTIR and Theoretical Study of Weakly Bound Complexes of Isocyanic Acid with Nitrogen J. Krupa et al. 10.3390/molecules27020495
- Atmospheric OH Oxidation of Three Chlorinated Aromatic Herbicides T. Murschell & D. Farmer 10.1021/acs.est.7b06025
- Assessing Exhaust Toxicity with Biological Detector: Configuration of Portable Air-Liquid Interface Human Lung Cell Model Exposure System, Sampling Train and Test Conditions M. Vojtisek-Lom et al. 10.4271/2019-24-0050
- Effect of Fuel Injection Strategies on Performance, Regulated and Unregulated Emissions of a Gasoline Compression Ignition Engine M. Krishnamoorthi et al. 10.1115/1.4065107
- Simulating secondary organic aerosol in a regional air quality model using the statistical oxidation model – Part 3: Assessing the influence of semi-volatile and intermediate-volatility organic compounds and NOx A. Akherati et al. 10.5194/acp-19-4561-2019
- Elucidating real-world vehicle emission factors from mobile measurements over a large metropolitan region: a focus on isocyanic acid, hydrogen cyanide, and black carbon S. Wren et al. 10.5194/acp-18-16979-2018
- Reducing the exhaust emissions of unregulated pollutants from small gasoline engines with alkylate fuel and low-ash lube oil A. Zardini et al. 10.1016/j.envres.2018.12.021
- Isocyanic acid (HNCO) and its fate in the atmosphere: a review M. Leslie et al. 10.1039/C9EM00003H
- Online characterization of primary and secondary emissions of particulate matter and acidic molecules from a modern fleet of city buses L. Zhou et al. 10.5194/acp-24-11045-2024
- Liquid–liquid phase separation and viscosity within secondary organic aerosol generated from diesel fuel vapors M. Song et al. 10.5194/acp-19-12515-2019
- Isocyanates and hydrogen cyanide in fumes from heated proteins and protein‐rich foods P. Leanderson 10.1111/ina.12526
- High Concentrations of Atmospheric Isocyanic Acid (HNCO) Produced from Secondary Sources in China Z. Wang et al. 10.1021/acs.est.0c02843
- Air pollution scenario analyses of fleet replacement strategies to accomplish reductions in criteria air pollutants and 74 VOCs over India H. Hakkim et al. 10.1016/j.aeaoa.2022.100150
- Molecular Structure of Isocyanic Acid, HNCO, the Imide of Carbon Dioxide J. Evers et al. 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b00557
- Emission of formic and acetic acids from two Colorado soils A. Mielnik et al. 10.1039/C8EM00356D
- Observations of Isocyanate, Amide, Nitrate, and Nitro Compounds From an Anthropogenic Biomass Burning Event Using a ToF‐CIMS M. Priestley et al. 10.1002/2017JD027316
- Structure and IR Spectroscopic Properties of HNCO Complexes with SO2 Isolated in Solid Argon J. Krupa et al. 10.3390/molecules26216441
Latest update: 18 Jun 2025
Short summary
Our work makes novel emissions measurements of isocyanic acid, a toxic gas, from a modern-day diesel engine and finds that diesel engines emit isocyanic acid but the emissions control devices do not enhance or destroy the isocyanic acid. Air quality model calculations suggest that diesel engines are possibly important sources of isocyanic acid in urban environments although the isocyanic acid levels are ten times lower than levels linked to adverse human health effects.
Our work makes novel emissions measurements of isocyanic acid, a toxic gas, from a modern-day...
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