Articles | Volume 17, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-297-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-297-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
05 Jan 2017
Research article |
| 05 Jan 2017
Particle settling and vertical mixing in the Saharan Air Layer as seen from an integrated model, lidar, and in situ perspective
Josef Gasteiger
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Meteorologisches Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany
Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Silke Groß
Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany
Daniel Sauer
Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany
Moritz Haarig
Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research, Leipzig, Germany
Albert Ansmann
Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research, Leipzig, Germany
Bernadett Weinzierl
Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Cited
42 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Aerosol properties in the atmosphere of Natal/Brazil measured by an AERONET Sun-photometer D. Fortunato dos Santos Oliveira et al. 10.1007/s11356-020-11373-z
- Coarse and giant particles are ubiquitous in Saharan dust export regions and are radiatively significant over the Sahara C. Ryder et al. 10.5194/acp-19-15353-2019
- The mysterious long-range transport of giant mineral dust particles M. van der Does et al. 10.1126/sciadv.aau2768
- Linking the Different Diameter Types of Aspherical Desert Dust Indicates That Models Underestimate Coarse Dust Emission Y. Huang et al. 10.1029/2020GL092054
- Modeling coarse and giant desert dust particles E. Drakaki et al. 10.5194/acp-22-12727-2022
- Profiles of cloud condensation nuclei, dust mass concentration, and ice-nucleating-particle-relevant aerosol properties in the Saharan Air Layer over Barbados from polarization lidar and airborne in situ measurements M. Haarig et al. 10.5194/acp-19-13773-2019
- Triple-wavelength depolarization-ratio profiling of Saharan dust over Barbados during SALTRACE in 2013 and 2014 M. Haarig et al. 10.5194/acp-17-10767-2017
- Apparent dust size discrepancy in aerosol reanalysis in north African dust after long-range transport S. Kramer et al. 10.5194/acp-20-10047-2020
- The Discovery of African Dust Transport to the Western Hemisphere and the Saharan Air Layer: A History J. Prospero et al. 10.1175/BAMS-D-19-0309.1
- Vertical distribution of aerosols in dust storms during the Arctic winter P. Dagsson-Waldhauserova et al. 10.1038/s41598-019-51764-y
- Radiative Effects of Increased Water Vapor in the Upper Saharan Air Layer Associated With Enhanced Dustiness C. Ryder 10.1029/2021JD034696
- Long-range transport of coarse mineral dust: an evaluation of the Met Office Unified Model against aircraft observations N. Ratcliffe et al. 10.5194/acp-24-12161-2024
- Unexpected vertical structure of the Saharan Air Layer and giant dust particles during AER-D F. Marenco et al. 10.5194/acp-18-17655-2018
- Potential of polarization/Raman lidar to separate fine dust, coarse dust, maritime, and anthropogenic aerosol profiles R. Mamouri & A. Ansmann 10.5194/amt-10-3403-2017
- Climatology of Asian dust activation and transport potential based on MISR satellite observations and trajectory analysis Y. Yu et al. 10.5194/acp-19-363-2019
- Impact of aerosol hygroscopic growth on retrieving aerosol extinction coefficient profiles from elastic-backscatter lidar signals G. Zhao et al. 10.5194/acp-17-12133-2017
- Long-term characterisation of the vertical structure of the Saharan Air Layer over the Canary Islands using lidar and radiosonde profiles: implications for radiative and cloud processes over the subtropical Atlantic Ocean Á. Barreto et al. 10.5194/acp-22-739-2022
- Mineral dust optical properties for remote sensing and global modeling: A review P. Castellanos et al. 10.1016/j.rse.2023.113982
- Analysis of Size Distribution, Chemical Composition, and Optical Properties of Mineral Dust Particles from Dry Deposition Measurement in Tenerife: Determined by Single-Particle Characterization A. Waza et al. 10.3390/atmos14040700
- The Saharan Aerosol Long-Range Transport and Aerosol–Cloud-Interaction Experiment: Overview and Selected Highlights B. Weinzierl et al. 10.1175/BAMS-D-15-00142.1
- Modelling mineral dust emissions and atmospheric dispersion with MADE3 in EMAC v2.54 C. Beer et al. 10.5194/gmd-13-4287-2020
- Profiling of Saharan dust from the Caribbean to western Africa – Part 1: Layering structures and optical properties from shipborne polarization/Raman lidar observations F. Rittmeister et al. 10.5194/acp-17-12963-2017
- Profiling of Saharan dust from the Caribbean to western Africa – Part 2: Shipborne lidar measurements versus forecasts A. Ansmann et al. 10.5194/acp-17-14987-2017
- Impacts of Water Vapor on Saharan Air Layer Radiative Heating M. Gutleben et al. 10.1029/2019GL085344
- Sun photometer retrievals of Saharan dust properties over Barbados during SALTRACE C. Toledano et al. 10.5194/acp-19-14571-2019
- The ice-nucleating activity of African mineral dust in the Caribbean boundary layer A. Harrison et al. 10.5194/acp-22-9663-2022
- Improved representation of the global dust cycle using observational constraints on dust properties and abundance J. Kok et al. 10.5194/acp-21-8127-2021
- Lidar study of unusual winter Saharan dust loads above Sofia, Bulgaria: impacts on the local weather and troposphere A. Deleva et al. 10.1117/1.JRS.15.024517
- Climate Models and Remote Sensing Retrievals Neglect Substantial Desert Dust Asphericity Y. Huang et al. 10.1029/2019GL086592
- Asian and Saharan dust from a chemical/mineralogical point of view: differences and similarities from bulk and single particle measurements K. Kandler et al. 10.1051/e3sconf/20199903001
- Radiative effects of long-range-transported Saharan air layers as determined from airborne lidar measurements M. Gutleben et al. 10.5194/acp-20-12313-2020
- Turbulence Analysis in Long‐Range‐Transported Saharan Dust Layers With Airborne Lidar M. Gutleben & S. Groß 10.1029/2021GL094418
- Heterodyne high-spectral-resolution lidar F. Chouza et al. 10.1364/AO.56.008121
- MOPSMAP v1.0: a versatile tool for the modeling of aerosol optical properties J. Gasteiger & M. Wiegner 10.5194/gmd-11-2739-2018
- Climate models miss most of the coarse dust in the atmosphere A. Adebiyi & J. Kok 10.1126/sciadv.aaz9507
- A review of coarse mineral dust in the Earth system A. Adebiyi et al. 10.1016/j.aeolia.2022.100849
- Dust Settling From Turbulent Layers in the Free Troposphere: Implications for the Saharan Air Layer R. Rodakoviski et al. 10.1029/2022JD037724
- Coarse-mode mineral dust size distributions, composition and optical properties from AER-D aircraft measurements over the tropical eastern Atlantic C. Ryder et al. 10.5194/acp-18-17225-2018
- Thermal infrared dust optical depth and coarse-mode effective diameter over oceans retrieved from collocated MODIS and CALIOP observations J. Zheng et al. 10.5194/acp-23-8271-2023
- Saharan dust plume charging observed over the UK R. Harrison et al. 10.1088/1748-9326/aabcd9
- Vertical Variability in morphology, chemistry and optical properties of the transported Saharan air layer measured from Cape Verde and the Caribbean S. Aryasree et al. 10.1098/rsos.231433
- A global analysis of diurnal variability in dust and dust mixture using CATS observations Y. Yu et al. 10.5194/acp-21-1427-2021
42 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Aerosol properties in the atmosphere of Natal/Brazil measured by an AERONET Sun-photometer D. Fortunato dos Santos Oliveira et al. 10.1007/s11356-020-11373-z
- Coarse and giant particles are ubiquitous in Saharan dust export regions and are radiatively significant over the Sahara C. Ryder et al. 10.5194/acp-19-15353-2019
- The mysterious long-range transport of giant mineral dust particles M. van der Does et al. 10.1126/sciadv.aau2768
- Linking the Different Diameter Types of Aspherical Desert Dust Indicates That Models Underestimate Coarse Dust Emission Y. Huang et al. 10.1029/2020GL092054
- Modeling coarse and giant desert dust particles E. Drakaki et al. 10.5194/acp-22-12727-2022
- Profiles of cloud condensation nuclei, dust mass concentration, and ice-nucleating-particle-relevant aerosol properties in the Saharan Air Layer over Barbados from polarization lidar and airborne in situ measurements M. Haarig et al. 10.5194/acp-19-13773-2019
- Triple-wavelength depolarization-ratio profiling of Saharan dust over Barbados during SALTRACE in 2013 and 2014 M. Haarig et al. 10.5194/acp-17-10767-2017
- Apparent dust size discrepancy in aerosol reanalysis in north African dust after long-range transport S. Kramer et al. 10.5194/acp-20-10047-2020
- The Discovery of African Dust Transport to the Western Hemisphere and the Saharan Air Layer: A History J. Prospero et al. 10.1175/BAMS-D-19-0309.1
- Vertical distribution of aerosols in dust storms during the Arctic winter P. Dagsson-Waldhauserova et al. 10.1038/s41598-019-51764-y
- Radiative Effects of Increased Water Vapor in the Upper Saharan Air Layer Associated With Enhanced Dustiness C. Ryder 10.1029/2021JD034696
- Long-range transport of coarse mineral dust: an evaluation of the Met Office Unified Model against aircraft observations N. Ratcliffe et al. 10.5194/acp-24-12161-2024
- Unexpected vertical structure of the Saharan Air Layer and giant dust particles during AER-D F. Marenco et al. 10.5194/acp-18-17655-2018
- Potential of polarization/Raman lidar to separate fine dust, coarse dust, maritime, and anthropogenic aerosol profiles R. Mamouri & A. Ansmann 10.5194/amt-10-3403-2017
- Climatology of Asian dust activation and transport potential based on MISR satellite observations and trajectory analysis Y. Yu et al. 10.5194/acp-19-363-2019
- Impact of aerosol hygroscopic growth on retrieving aerosol extinction coefficient profiles from elastic-backscatter lidar signals G. Zhao et al. 10.5194/acp-17-12133-2017
- Long-term characterisation of the vertical structure of the Saharan Air Layer over the Canary Islands using lidar and radiosonde profiles: implications for radiative and cloud processes over the subtropical Atlantic Ocean Á. Barreto et al. 10.5194/acp-22-739-2022
- Mineral dust optical properties for remote sensing and global modeling: A review P. Castellanos et al. 10.1016/j.rse.2023.113982
- Analysis of Size Distribution, Chemical Composition, and Optical Properties of Mineral Dust Particles from Dry Deposition Measurement in Tenerife: Determined by Single-Particle Characterization A. Waza et al. 10.3390/atmos14040700
- The Saharan Aerosol Long-Range Transport and Aerosol–Cloud-Interaction Experiment: Overview and Selected Highlights B. Weinzierl et al. 10.1175/BAMS-D-15-00142.1
- Modelling mineral dust emissions and atmospheric dispersion with MADE3 in EMAC v2.54 C. Beer et al. 10.5194/gmd-13-4287-2020
- Profiling of Saharan dust from the Caribbean to western Africa – Part 1: Layering structures and optical properties from shipborne polarization/Raman lidar observations F. Rittmeister et al. 10.5194/acp-17-12963-2017
- Profiling of Saharan dust from the Caribbean to western Africa – Part 2: Shipborne lidar measurements versus forecasts A. Ansmann et al. 10.5194/acp-17-14987-2017
- Impacts of Water Vapor on Saharan Air Layer Radiative Heating M. Gutleben et al. 10.1029/2019GL085344
- Sun photometer retrievals of Saharan dust properties over Barbados during SALTRACE C. Toledano et al. 10.5194/acp-19-14571-2019
- The ice-nucleating activity of African mineral dust in the Caribbean boundary layer A. Harrison et al. 10.5194/acp-22-9663-2022
- Improved representation of the global dust cycle using observational constraints on dust properties and abundance J. Kok et al. 10.5194/acp-21-8127-2021
- Lidar study of unusual winter Saharan dust loads above Sofia, Bulgaria: impacts on the local weather and troposphere A. Deleva et al. 10.1117/1.JRS.15.024517
- Climate Models and Remote Sensing Retrievals Neglect Substantial Desert Dust Asphericity Y. Huang et al. 10.1029/2019GL086592
- Asian and Saharan dust from a chemical/mineralogical point of view: differences and similarities from bulk and single particle measurements K. Kandler et al. 10.1051/e3sconf/20199903001
- Radiative effects of long-range-transported Saharan air layers as determined from airborne lidar measurements M. Gutleben et al. 10.5194/acp-20-12313-2020
- Turbulence Analysis in Long‐Range‐Transported Saharan Dust Layers With Airborne Lidar M. Gutleben & S. Groß 10.1029/2021GL094418
- Heterodyne high-spectral-resolution lidar F. Chouza et al. 10.1364/AO.56.008121
- MOPSMAP v1.0: a versatile tool for the modeling of aerosol optical properties J. Gasteiger & M. Wiegner 10.5194/gmd-11-2739-2018
- Climate models miss most of the coarse dust in the atmosphere A. Adebiyi & J. Kok 10.1126/sciadv.aaz9507
- A review of coarse mineral dust in the Earth system A. Adebiyi et al. 10.1016/j.aeolia.2022.100849
- Dust Settling From Turbulent Layers in the Free Troposphere: Implications for the Saharan Air Layer R. Rodakoviski et al. 10.1029/2022JD037724
- Coarse-mode mineral dust size distributions, composition and optical properties from AER-D aircraft measurements over the tropical eastern Atlantic C. Ryder et al. 10.5194/acp-18-17225-2018
- Thermal infrared dust optical depth and coarse-mode effective diameter over oceans retrieved from collocated MODIS and CALIOP observations J. Zheng et al. 10.5194/acp-23-8271-2023
- Saharan dust plume charging observed over the UK R. Harrison et al. 10.1088/1748-9326/aabcd9
- Vertical Variability in morphology, chemistry and optical properties of the transported Saharan air layer measured from Cape Verde and the Caribbean S. Aryasree et al. 10.1098/rsos.231433
- A global analysis of diurnal variability in dust and dust mixture using CATS observations Y. Yu et al. 10.5194/acp-21-1427-2021
Latest update: 23 Nov 2024
Short summary
To study aerosol transport in the Saharan Air Layer (SAL) from Africa to the Caribbean, we combine advanced optical models of Saharan aerosols with Stokes settling and two hypotheses about the occurrence of vertical mixing. By testing our hypotheses with lidar and in situ profiles measured near the top of the transported SAL, we find strong evidence that vertical mixing occurs in the SAL over the Atlantic with significant consequences for size distribution of the transported Saharan aerosols.
To study aerosol transport in the Saharan Air Layer (SAL) from Africa to the Caribbean, we...
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