Articles | Volume 17, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-2009-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-2009-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
09 Feb 2017
Research article |
| 09 Feb 2017
Sources and atmospheric processing of winter aerosols in Seoul, Korea: insights from real-time measurements using a high-resolution aerosol mass spectrometer
Hwajin Kim
Center for Environment, Health and Welfare Research, Korea Institute of
Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea
Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of
Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis,
CA 95616, USA
Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University,
Shanghai, China
Gwi-Nam Bae
Center for Environment, Health and Welfare Research, Korea Institute of
Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea
Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of
Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
Jin Young Kim
Center for Environment, Health and Welfare Research, Korea Institute of
Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea
Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of
Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
Seung Bok Lee
Center for Environment, Health and Welfare Research, Korea Institute of
Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea
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58 citations as recorded by crossref.
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- Long term trends of chemical constituents and source contributions of PM2.5 in Seoul E. Park et al. 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126371
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- Characteristics of sub-micron aerosols in the Yellow Sea and its environmental implications A. Loh et al. 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116556
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- Roles of meteorological factors in inter-regional variations of fine and coarse PM concentrations over the Republic of Korea G. Lee et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118706
- The investigations on organic sources and inorganic formation processes and their implications on haze during late winter in Seoul, Korea D. Kim et al. 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113174
- Understanding the Driving Forces of Summer PM1 Composition in Seoul, Korea, with Explainable Machine Learning Q. Hu et al. 10.1021/acsestair.3c00116
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- Impacts of secondary aerosol formation and long range transport on severe haze during the winter of 2017 in the Seoul metropolitan area Y. Kim et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149984
- Evaluation of Secondary Organic Aerosol (SOA) Simulations for Seoul, Korea Y. Oak et al. 10.1029/2021MS002760
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- Association between air pollution in the 2015 winter in South Korea and population size, car emissions, industrial activity, and fossil-fuel power plants: an ecological study H. Choi & J. Myong 10.1186/s40557-018-0273-5
- Seasonal differences in formation processes of oxidized organic aerosol near Houston, TX Q. Dai et al. 10.5194/acp-19-9641-2019
- Investigation of factors controlling PM2.5 variability across the South Korean Peninsula during KORUS-AQ C. Jordan et al. 10.1525/elementa.424
- Wintertime aerosol chemistry and haze evolution in an extremely polluted city of the North China Plain: significant contribution from coal and biomass combustion H. Li et al. 10.5194/acp-17-4751-2017
- Comparative Assessment of Cooking Emission Contributions to Urban Organic Aerosol Using Online Molecular Tracers and Aerosol Mass Spectrometry Measurements D. Huang et al. 10.1021/acs.est.1c03280
- Volatile organic compounds in ambient air of a major Asian port: spatiotemporal variation and source apportionment T. Le et al. 10.1007/s11356-022-24138-7
- Chemical characterization of sub-micron aerosols over the East Sea (Sea of Japan) A. Loh et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159173
- Chemistry of new particle growth during springtime in the Seoul metropolitan area, Korea H. Kim & Q. Zhang 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.072
58 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Characteristics and temporal variations of organic and elemental carbon aerosols in PM1 in Changchun, Northeast China N. Li et al. 10.1007/s11356-019-07494-9
- The impact of size-segregated particle properties on daily mortality in Seoul, Korea E. Park et al. 10.1007/s11356-022-19069-2
- Observational assessment of the role of nocturnal residual-layer chemistry in determining daytime surface particulate nitrate concentrations G. Prabhakar et al. 10.5194/acp-17-14747-2017
- Coarse particulate matter air quality in East Asia: implications for fine particulate nitrate S. Zhai et al. 10.5194/acp-23-4271-2023
- Mass spectral characterization of secondary organic aerosol from urban cooking and vehicular sources W. Zhu et al. 10.5194/acp-21-15065-2021
- Effects of long-range transport on carboxylic acids, chlorinated VOCs, and oxidative potential in air pollution events S. Oh et al. 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123666
- Impact of terephthalic acid emissions from intensive nocturnal biomass incineration on oxidative potential in Seoul, South Korea S. Oh et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173587
- Long term trends of chemical constituents and source contributions of PM2.5 in Seoul E. Park et al. 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126371
- Secondary organic aerosol formation at an urban background site on the coastline of South China: Precursors and aging processes D. Yao et al. 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119778
- Seasonal characteristics of atmospheric water-soluble organic nitrogen in PM2.5 in Seoul, Korea: Source and atmospheric processes of free amino acids and aliphatic amines K. Baek et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152335
- Real‐Time Characterization of Aerosol Compositions, Sources, and Aging Processes in Guangzhou During PRIDE‐GBA 2018 Campaign W. Chen et al. 10.1029/2021JD035114
- Chemical processes of wintertime aerosols over the East China Sea based on aircraft and ground measurements: Comparison with the Sea of Japan M. Kagawa et al. 10.1016/j.apr.2023.101870
- Characteristics of sub-micron aerosols in the Yellow Sea and its environmental implications A. Loh et al. 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116556
- Aircraft Study of Secondary Aerosols in Long‐Range Transported Air Masses From the North China Plain by a Mid‐Latitude Cyclone P. Sun et al. 10.1029/2021JD036178
- Measurement report: Characterization of severe spring haze episodes and influences of long-range transport in the Seoul metropolitan area in March 2019 H. Kim et al. 10.5194/acp-20-11527-2020
- Impacts of primary emissions and secondary aerosol formation on air pollution in an urban area of China during the COVID-19 lockdown J. Tian et al. 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106426
- Characterization and source identification of submicron aerosol during serious haze pollution periods in Beijing P. Xu et al. 10.1016/j.jes.2021.04.005
- Characteristics and sources of fine organic aerosol over a big semi-arid urban city of western India using HR-ToF-AMS A. Singh et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.04.009
- A review of aerosol chemistry in Asia: insights from aerosol mass spectrometer measurements W. Zhou et al. 10.1039/D0EM00212G
- Characteristics, sources and evolution processes of atmospheric organic aerosols at a roadside site in Hong Kong D. Yao et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118298
- Shipping-related air pollution at Busan Port: The unceasing threat of black carbon A. Loh et al. 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137434
- Anthropogenic and natural drivers of a strong winter urban heat island in a typical Arctic city M. Varentsov et al. 10.5194/acp-18-17573-2018
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- Seasonal variation of aerosol compositions in Shanghai, China: Insights from particle aerosol mass spectrometer observations W. Zhu et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.144948
- Local and transboundary impacts of PM2.5 sources identified in Seoul during the early stage of the COVID-19 outbreak Y. Kim et al. 10.1016/j.apr.2022.101510
- Diurnal impacts of tire wear and waste burning on fine particulate matter concentrations in a metropolitan area S. Oh et al. 10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126229
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- Understanding the Driving Forces of Summer PM1 Composition in Seoul, Korea, with Explainable Machine Learning Q. Hu et al. 10.1021/acsestair.3c00116
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- Characterization of particulate matter at Mt. Gwanak (at 632 m) and vertical mixing impacts on haze in Seoul during winter S. Kwon et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.178106
- Nanoparticles from paper mills: A seasonal, numerical and morphological analysis M. Alderighi et al. 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.06.006
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- Assessment of long-range oriented source and oxidative potential on the South-west shoreline, Korea: Molecular marker receptor models during shipborne measurements S. Oh et al. 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116979
- Impacts of secondary aerosol formation and long range transport on severe haze during the winter of 2017 in the Seoul metropolitan area Y. Kim et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149984
- Evaluation of Secondary Organic Aerosol (SOA) Simulations for Seoul, Korea Y. Oak et al. 10.1029/2021MS002760
- Seasonal Variation of Chemical Compositions in PM1.0 in the Atmosphere of Seoul S. Kwon et al. 10.5572/KOSAE.2022.38.6.852
- Impacts of biomass burning and photochemical processing on the light absorption of brown carbon in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau J. Tian et al. 10.5194/acp-23-1879-2023
- Secondary organic aerosol production from local emissions dominates the organic aerosol budget over Seoul, South Korea, during KORUS-AQ B. Nault et al. 10.5194/acp-18-17769-2018
- A Box-Model Simulation of the Formation of Inorganic Ionic Particulate Species and Their Air Quality Implications in Republic of Korea H. Lee et al. 10.5572/ajae.2022.119
- Temporal and spatial variations of aerosol optical properties over the Korean peninsula during KORUS-AQ Y. Choi et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118301
- Future air quality and premature mortality in Korea Y. Oak et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161134
- Sources and Secondary Production of Organic Aerosols in the Northeastern United States during WINTER J. Schroder et al. 10.1029/2018JD028475
- Influences of meteorology on emission sources and physicochemical properties of particulate matter in Seoul, Korea during the heating period J. Jeon et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2023.119733
- Measurement report: The importance of biomass burning in light extinction and direct radiative effect of urban aerosol during the COVID-19 lockdown in Xi'an, China J. Tian et al. 10.5194/acp-22-8369-2022
- Regional classification of high PM10 concentrations in the Seoul metropolitan and Chungcheongnam-do areas, Republic of Korea W. Choi et al. 10.1007/s10661-023-11732-6
- Relationship between PM1.0 and PM2.5 in urban and background areas of Republic of Korea S. Kwon et al. 10.1016/j.apr.2023.101858
- Comparative analysis of winter composite-PM2.5 in Central Indo Gangetic Plain cities: Combined organic and inorganic source apportionment and characterization, with a focus on the photochemical age effect on secondary organic aerosol formation A. Lakra et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2024.120827
- Major Factors Affecting the Ambient Levels of Particulate Nitro(so) Compounds N. Choi & Y. Kim 10.5572/KOSAE.2025.41.1.001
- Influence of intense secondary aerosol formation and long-range transport on aerosol chemistry and properties in the Seoul Metropolitan Area during spring time: results from KORUS-AQ H. Kim et al. 10.5194/acp-18-7149-2018
- Association between air pollution in the 2015 winter in South Korea and population size, car emissions, industrial activity, and fossil-fuel power plants: an ecological study H. Choi & J. Myong 10.1186/s40557-018-0273-5
- Seasonal differences in formation processes of oxidized organic aerosol near Houston, TX Q. Dai et al. 10.5194/acp-19-9641-2019
- Investigation of factors controlling PM2.5 variability across the South Korean Peninsula during KORUS-AQ C. Jordan et al. 10.1525/elementa.424
- Wintertime aerosol chemistry and haze evolution in an extremely polluted city of the North China Plain: significant contribution from coal and biomass combustion H. Li et al. 10.5194/acp-17-4751-2017
- Comparative Assessment of Cooking Emission Contributions to Urban Organic Aerosol Using Online Molecular Tracers and Aerosol Mass Spectrometry Measurements D. Huang et al. 10.1021/acs.est.1c03280
- Volatile organic compounds in ambient air of a major Asian port: spatiotemporal variation and source apportionment T. Le et al. 10.1007/s11356-022-24138-7
- Chemical characterization of sub-micron aerosols over the East Sea (Sea of Japan) A. Loh et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159173
- Chemistry of new particle growth during springtime in the Seoul metropolitan area, Korea H. Kim & Q. Zhang 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.072
Latest update: 31 May 2025
Short summary
We discuss characteristics, sources, and size distributions of the PM1 composition and OA components in Seoul, Korea, in winter. The serious pollution observed was caused by a combination of various factors, including meteorological conditions, emissions from local primary sources, secondary formation, and transport of air masses from upwind locations. This will be very useful for enacting effective PM reduction strategies for Korea as well as for the broader northern pan-Eurasian region.
We discuss characteristics, sources, and size distributions of the PM1 composition and OA...
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